Erratum: Acute Acquired Metabolic Encephalopathy Based on Diffusion MRI.

This corrects the article on p. 2034 in vol. 22, PMID: 34564957.

Investigating the mechanophysical and biological characteristics of therapeutic dental cement incorporating copper doped bioglass nanoparticles.

Objective: This study was investigated the mechanophysical properties of zinc phosphate cement (ZPC) with or without the copper doped bioglass nanoparticles (Cu-BGn) and their biological effect on dental pulp human cells and bacteria.

Materials And Methods: Cu-BGn were synthesized and characterized firstly and then, the experimental (Cu-ZPC) and control (ZPC) samples were fabricated with similar sizes and/or dimensions (diameter: 4 mm and height: 6 mm) based on the International Organization of Standards (ISO). Specifically, various concentrations of Cu-BGn were tested, and Cu-BGn concentration was optimized at 2.

Acute Acquired Metabolic Encephalopathy Based on Diffusion MRI.

Metabolic encephalopathy is a critical condition that can be challenging to diagnose. Imaging provides early clues to confirm clinical suspicions and plays an important role in the diagnosis, assessment of the response to therapy, and prognosis prediction. Diffusion-weighted imaging is a sensitive technique used to evaluate metabolic encephalopathy at an early stage.

Diagnostic performance of dual-energy computed tomography for detection of acute spinal fractures.

Objective: To assess the diagnostic performance of dual-energy computed tomography (DECT) with the color-coded virtual non-calcium (VNC) technique for detecting acute fractures in patients after acute spine trauma, especially in an emergency clinical setting.

Materials And Methods: Our retrospective study included 31 patients presented to emergency department with suspected spine trauma. All patients underwent both DECT (80 kVp and 140 kVp) and MRI.

Identification of Cultivable Bacteria in Amniotic Fluid Using Cervicovaginal Fluid Protein Microarray in Preterm Premature Rupture of Membranes.

We aimed to identify cervicovaginal fluid (CVF) protein biomarkers of microbial invasion of the amniotic cavity (MIAC) in women with preterm premature rupture of membranes (PPROM), using an antibody microarray. This retrospective cohort study included 99 consecutive women with singleton pregnancies and PPROM (23-33 weeks) who underwent amniocentesis and who gave CVF samples. CVF proteomes from the MIAC (n = 20) versus non-MIAC groups (n = 20) were comparatively profiled by an antibody microarray using a nested case-control study design.

The effect of postoperative vaginal progesterone in ultrasound-indicated cerclage to prevent preterm birth.

Objectives: To compare pregnancy outcomes according to the use of postoperative vaginal progesterone in patients who underwent ultrasound-indicated cerclage.

Methods: This was a retrospective cohort study of 86 consecutive asymptomatic singleton pregnancies who had undergone cerclage because of incidentally found short cervical length under 20 mm through transvaginal ultrasound between 16° and 24 weeks' gestational age. Outcomes were compared according to the use of vaginal progesterone after cerclage.

Distribution of fipronil in humans, and adverse health outcomes of in utero fipronil sulfone exposure in newborns.

Fipronil is a highly effective insecticide with extensive usages; however, its distribution and toxic/health effects in the human population after chronic exposure have not yet been clearly identified. Our objectives were to determine the levels of serum fipronil and fipronil sulfone, a primary fipronil metabolite, in a general and sensitive human population using a birth cohort of parent-infant triads in Korea. We further investigated whether in utero exposure to fipronil and fipronil sulfone can affect health outcomes in newborn infants.

Complement C3a, But Not C5a, Levels in Amniotic Fluid Are Associated with Intra-amniotic Infection and/or Inflammation and Preterm Delivery in Women with Cervical Insufficiency or an Asymptomatic Short Cervix (≤ 25 mm).

Background: We aimed to estimate whether elevated levels of complement C3a and C5a in amniotic fluid (AF) are independently associated with increased risks of intra-amniotic infection and/or inflammation (IAI) and spontaneous preterm delivery (SPTD) in women with cervical insufficiency or a short cervix (≤ 25 mm).

Methods: We conducted a retrospective cohort study of 96 consecutive women with cervical insufficiency (n = 62) or a short cervix (n = 34) at 17 to 27 weeks, and who underwent an amniocentesis. AF was cultured and analyzed for C3a and C5a by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay kits.

Inflammatory proteins in maternal plasma, cervicovaginal and amniotic fluids as predictors of intra-amniotic infection in preterm premature rupture of membranes.

Objective: We aimed to assess the correlations among multiple cytokine concentrations in the maternal plasma, cervicovaginal fluid (CVF), and amniotic fluid (AF) compartments in women with preterm premature rupture of membranes (pPROM), and to develop a prediction model based on non-invasive measures, having better sensitivity and specificity for the identification of microbial invasion of amniotic cavity (MIAC).

Method: This retrospective study included 75 consecutive women with pPROM (20+0-34+0 weeks), who underwent amniocentesis. Both maternal plasma and CVF samples were collected at the time of amniocentesis.

Automatic Lung Segmentation With Juxta-Pleural Nodule Identification Using Active Contour Model and Bayesian Approach.

Objective: chest computed tomography (CT) images and their quantitative analyses have become increasingly important for a variety of purposes, including lung parenchyma density analysis, airway analysis, diaphragm mechanics analysis, and nodule detection for cancer screening. Lung segmentation is an important prerequisite step for automatic image analysis. We propose a novel lung segmentation method to minimize the juxta-pleural nodule issue, a notorious challenge in the applications.

Plasma inflammatory and immune proteins as predictors of intra-amniotic infection and spontaneous preterm delivery in women with preterm labor: a retrospective study.

Background: We investigated whether various inflammatory and immune proteins in plasma predict intra-amniotic infection and imminent preterm delivery in women with preterm labor and compared their predictive ability with that of amniotic fluid (AF) interleukin (IL)-6 and serum C-reactive protein (CRP).

Methods: This retrospective cohort study included 173 consecutive women with preterm labor who underwent amniocentesis for diagnosis of infection and/or inflammation in the AF. The AF was cultured, and assayed for IL-6.

Widening and Rotation of Carotid Artery with Age: Geometric Approach.

Background: The anatomy and geometry of the carotid artery may play an important role in the pathogenesis of internal carotid artery (ICA) stenosis, but the exact nature of this role remains elusive. To clarify this issue, we sought to investigate age-related changes in the anatomy and geometry of the carotid artery in a Korean population.

Materials And Methods: We conducted a retrospective study of 300 subjects who underwent carotid contrast-enhanced magnetic resonance angiography at our clinic between 2014 and 2016.

Outcomes of physical examination-indicated cerclage in twin pregnancies with acute cervical insufficiency compared to singleton pregnancies.

Objectives To compare pregnancy outcomes of physical examination-indicated cerclage in twin pregnancies with acute cervical insufficiency with that of singletons. Methods This retrospective cohort study included 88 consecutive women (17 twins and 71 singletons) who had undergone physical examination-indicated cerclage because of acute cervical insufficiency (defined as painless cervical dilation with (1) prolapsed and/or visible membranes at the external cervical os on speculum examination and (2) a functional cervical length of zero on transvaginal ultrasound) between 160/7 and 236/7 weeks. The primary outcome measure was preterm delivery <34 weeks.

Non-invasive prediction of preterm birth in women with cervical insufficiency or an asymptomatic short cervix (≤25 mm) by measurement of biomarkers in the cervicovaginal fluid.

Objective: To determine whether various proteins in the cervicovaginal fluid (CVF) known to be involved in immune regulation, alone or in combination with clinical risk factors, can predict spontaneous preterm delivery (SPTD) in women with cervical insufficiency or a short cervix (≤25 mm).

Methods: This retrospective cohort study included 62 asymptomatic women with cervical insufficiency (n = 27) or an asymptomatic short cervix (n = 35) at 18-27 weeks. CVF swab samples were taken for assays of vitamin D binding protein (VDBP), interleukin (IL)-8, matrix metalloproteinases (MMP)-9, tissue inhibitor of metalloproteinases (TIMP)-1, and Dickkopf-related protein 3 (DKK3) before cervical examination, and maternal blood was collected for the determination of the C-reactive protein (CRP) level.

Endometrial polyp surveillance in premenopausal breast cancer patients using tamoxifen.

Objective: To describe the endometrial pathologic lesions in premenopausal breast cancer patients with a history of tamoxifen (TMX) use.

Methods: We retrospectively reviewed the medical records of 120 premenopausal breast cancer patients with a history of TMX use that had undergone a gynecological examination.

Results: Among 120 patients, 44.

Computed tomography morphologic features of pulmonary adenocarcinoma with brain/bone metastasis.

Background/aims: Brain and bone metastases are common in patients with lung cancer. The development of metastasis is associated with poor survival in lung cancer patients. Although tumor morphologic features on radiographs are routinely assessed for differentiation between benign and malignant lung nodules, they are not used to predict metastasis.

Characteristics of Patients With Aneurysmal Subarachnoid Hemorrhage and Risk Factors Related to Dysphagia.

Objective: To investigate the characteristics and risk factors of dysphagia with the Videofluoroscopic Dysphagia Scale (VDS) using a videofluoroscopic swallowing study (VFSS) in patients with ruptured aneurysmal subarachnoid hemorrhage (aSAH).

Methods: Data of 64 patients presenting with first-ever ruptured aSAH were analyzed. Characteristics of dysphagia were evaluated using VFSS and all subjects were divided into a high (>47) and low risk group (≤47) by the VDS score.

Ultrasonography Diagnosis and Imaging-Based Management of Thyroid Nodules: Revised Korean Society of Thyroid Radiology Consensus Statement and Recommendations.

The rate of detection of thyroid nodules and carcinomas has increased with the widespread use of ultrasonography (US), which is the mainstay for the detection and risk stratification of thyroid nodules as well as for providing guidance for their biopsy and nonsurgical treatment. The Korean Society of Thyroid Radiology (KSThR) published their first recommendations for the US-based diagnosis and management of thyroid nodules in 2011. These recommendations have been used as the standard guidelines for the past several years in Korea.

Prognostic Effects of Adjuvant Chemotherapy-Induced Amenorrhea and Subsequent Resumption of Menstruation for Premenopausal Breast Cancer Patients.

Chemotherapy-induced amenorrhea (CIA) is a side effect that occurs in patients with breast cancer (BC) as a result of chemotherapy. These patients require special treatments to avoid infertility and menopause. However, the factors controlling CIA, resumption of menstruation (RM), and persistence of menstruation after chemotherapy are unknown.

Can clinical and MRI findings predict the prognosis of variant and classical type of posterior reversible encephalopathy syndrome (PRES)?

Background: Posterior reversible encephalopathy syndrome (PRES) is characterized by clinical symptoms that are associated with bilateral and symmetric vasogenic edema in the parietal and occipital lobes. However, this is rarely present with predominant involvement of the brain stem and cerebellum (variant).

Purpose: To evaluate which clinical or magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) findings can help to predict the prognosis of variant and classical type of PRES and whether or not there is difference between two types of PRES.

Serum YKL-40 levels correlate with infarct volume, stroke severity, and functional outcome in acute ischemic stroke patients.

Background And Purpose: YKL-40 is associated with various neurological disorders. However, circulatory YKL-40 levels early after onset of acute ischemic stroke (AIS) have not been systematically assessed. We aimed to identify the temporal changes and clinical usefulness of measuring serum YKL-40 immediately following AIS.

Uremic encephalopathy with atypical magnetic resonance features on diffusion-weighted images.

Uremic encephalopathy is a well-known disease with typical MR findings including bilateral vasogenic or cytotoxic edema at the cerebral cortex or basal ganglia. Involvement of the basal ganglia has been very rarely reported, typically occurring in uremic-diabetic patients. We recently treated a patient who had non-diabetic uremic encephalopathy with an atypical lesion distribution involving the supratentorial white matter, without cortical or basal ganglia involvement.