Clinical Characteristics of and Treatment Pattern for EGFR-Amplified Colorectal Cancer.

Purpose: To compare clinicopathologic features and clinical outcomes of metastatic colorectal cancer (mCRC) based on EGFR amplification status.

Materials And Methods: Patients with mCRC who underwent next-generation sequencing using a targeted 244-gene panel from 2016 to 2021 were identified and screened for EGFR copy numbers. Cases with at least 5 copies were reviewed for tumor purity adjustment, and those with an adjusted copy number of ≥6 were defined as EGFR-amplified (EGFR amp+).

Nonlinear exposure-response associations of daytime, nighttime, and day-night compound heatwaves with mortality amid climate change.

Heatwaves are commonly simplified as binary variables in epidemiological studies, limiting the understanding of heatwave-mortality associations. Here we conduct a multi-country study across 28 East Asian cities that employed the Cumulative Excess Heatwave Index (CEHWI), which represents excess heat accumulation during heatwaves, to explore the potentially nonlinear associations of daytime-only, nighttime-only, and day-night compound heatwaves with mortality from 1981 to 2010. Populations exhibited high adaptability to daytime-only and nighttime-only heatwaves, with non-accidental mortality risks increasing only at higher CEHWI levels (75th-90th percentiles).

A comprehensive multicenter analysis of clinical, molecular, and imaging characteristics and outcomes of H3 K27-altered diffuse midline glioma in adults.

Objective: The objective was to comprehensively investigate the clinical, molecular, and imaging characteristics and outcomes of H3 K27-altered diffuse midline glioma (DMG) in adults.

Methods: Retrospective chart and imaging reviews were performed in 111 adult patients with H3 K27-altered DMG from two tertiary institutions. Clinical, molecular, imaging, and survival characteristics were analyzed.

Spontaneous Pneumothorax Due to Ruptured Bulla of the Azygos Lobe.

Azygos lobe is an uncommon anatomic variant that is widely recognized, but rarely associated with pneumothorax. We present a successful surgical management of a spontaneous pneumothorax resulting from rupture of a bulla in an incidentally discovered azygos lobe. The patient is a 73-year-old man who presented with the first-time occurrence of a spontaneous right pneumothorax.

Bioadhesives and bioactive hydrogels for wound management.

Delayed wound healing remains a major challenge in biomedical research, often leading to complications such as scarring, acute trauma, and chronic diseases. Effective wound management is crucial for enhancing treatment outcomes, preventing complications, and promoting tissue regeneration. In response to this need, a variety of polymeric biomaterials have been developed.

A Novel Point-of-Care Prediction Model for Steatotic Liver Disease: Expected Role of Mass Screening in the Global Obesity Crisis.

Background/aims: The incidence of steatotic liver disease (SLD) is increasing across all age groups as the incidence of obesity increases worldwide. The existing noninvasive prediction models for SLD require laboratory tests or imaging and perform poorly in the early diagnosis of infrequently screened populations such as young adults and individuals with healthcare disparities. We developed a machine learning-based point-of-care prediction model for SLD that is readily available to the broader population with the aim of facilitating early detection and timely intervention and ultimately reducing the burden of SLD.

Cohort profile: Multicenter Networks for Ideal Outcomes of Rare Pediatric Endocrine and Metabolic Diseases in Korea (OUTSPREAD study).

Rare endocrine diseases are complex conditions that require lifelong specialized care due to their chronic nature and associated long-term complications. In Korea, a lack of nationwide data on clinical practice and outcomes has limited progress in patient care. Therefore, the Multicenter Networks for Ideal Outcomes of Pediatric Rare Endocrine and Metabolic Disease (OUTSPREAD) study was initiated.

Analysis of Changes in Viral Load and Inflammatory Cytokines, as Well as the Occurrence of Secondary Infections, in SFTS Patients Treated with Specific Treatments: A Prospective Multicenter Cohort Study.

Severe fever with thrombocytopenia syndrome (SFTS) is an acute febrile illness caused by the SFTS virus (SFTSV). We conducted this study to propose a scientific evidence-based treatment that can improve prognosis through changes in viral load and inflammatory cytokines according to the specific treatment of SFTS patients. This prospective and observational study was conducted at 14 tertiary referral hospitals, which are located in SFTS endemic areas in Korea, from 1 May 2018 to 31 October 2020.

Persistence of in Patients with Bacteremia: Incidence, Clinical and Microbiologic Characters, and Outcomes.

The risk factors and outcomes associated with persistent bacteremia are not well-defined. This retrospective cohort study analyzed 214 cases of bacteremia diagnosed between 2005 and 2022 at two university hospitals, focusing on the clinical and microbiologic characteristics and outcomes of persistent bacteremia. Persistent bacteremia, defined as the detection of for ≥5 days after the initial blood culture, occurred in 25.

Aging with HIV: The Burden of Comorbidities, Polypharmacy, and Drug Interactions in Korean People Living with HIV Aged ≥50 Years.

Background: The life expectancy of people living with human immunodeficiency virus (PLWH) has significantly improved with advancements in antiretroviral therapy (ART). However, aging PLWH face a growing burden of non-communicable diseases (NCDs), polypharmacy, and drug-drug interactions (DDIs), which pose challenges in their management. This study investigates the prevalence of NCDs, polypharmacy, and DDIs among PLWH aged ≥50 years in Korea and their impact on quality of life (QOL).

Seroprevalence of measles antibody among immigrants in Gwangju, South Korea.

Introduction: Measles remains a public health concern, particularly among populations with suboptimal vaccination coverage, including immigrants. Understanding the seroprevalence of measles antibodies in immigrant populations is essential to inform tailored vaccination strategies and reduce the risk of measles reintroduction.

Methods: This study evaluated measles IgG seroprevalence among 651 immigrants from 30 countries residing in Gwangju, South Korea.

Predisposing Risk Factors Affecting Reversibility of Left Ventricular Diastolic Filling Pattern in Patients with Preserved Ejection Fraction.

Purpose: Improvement of left ventricular (LV) diastolic dysfunction (DD) is known to be a good prognostic factor in patients with heart failure with reduced ejection fraction (EF). In the present study, we investigated the predisposing risk factors affecting the reversibility of LV diastolic filling pattern (DFP) in patients with preserved EF.

Materials And Methods: A total of 600 patients with pseudonormal LVDFP and preserved EF who underwent follow-up echocardiography were enrolled between 2011 and 2020.

Signaling pathways of duck RIG-I in gene-edited DF1 chicken cells.

Retinoic acid inducible gene I (RIG-I) is an innate immune RNA sensor which can detect viral infection such as influenza viruses. Duck but not chicken has an RIG-I gene. However, the immune responses could be induced in chicken cells by transferring the duck RIG-I transgene.

Comparison of clinical characteristics and outcomes in candidaemia patients with and without COVID-19: a multicentre retrospective study.

Background: Invasive fungal infections have been reported as complications with significant mortality and morbidity in patients hospitalized with COVID-19. This study aimed to evaluate the clinical characteristics and outcomes of candidaemia patients with COVID-19 and to investigate the association between COVID-19 and mortality in candidaemia patients.

Methods: This retrospective study included candidaemia patients aged 18 years or older admitted to four university-affiliated tertiary hospitals in South Korea between January 1, 2020, and December 31, 2022.

Machine learning prediction model of the treatment response in schizophrenia reveals the importance of metabolic and subjective characteristics.

Predicting early treatment response in schizophrenia is pivotal for selecting the best therapeutic approach. Utilizing machine learning (ML) technique, we aimed to formulate a model predicting antipsychotic treatment outcomes. Data were obtained from 299 patients with schizophrenia from three multicenter, open-label, non-comparative clinical trials.

Global Lipidomics Reveals the Lipid Composition Heterogeneity of Extracellular Vesicles from Drug-Resistant .

: The rise of drug-resistant strains presents a significant challenge in the treatment of Leishmaniasis, a neglected tropical disease. Extracellular vesicles (EVs) produced by these parasites have gained attention for their role in drug resistance and host-pathogen interactions. : This study developed and applied a novel lipidomics workflow to explore the lipid profiles of EVs from three types of drug-resistant strains compared to a wild-type strain.

A Prospective, Single-Cohort, Open, Multi-Center, Observational Study of Sublingual Fentanyl for Breakthrough Cancer Pain: Effectiveness, Safety, and Tolerability in Korean Cancer Patients.

Purpose: Fentanyl, a highly lipophilic opioid, was developed as a sublingual fentanyl tablet (SFT) for the management of breakthrough cancer pain (BTcP), and its efficacy and safety were confirmed in a randomized, controlled study. We investigated the effectiveness and safety of SFT administered to alleviate BTcP in a real-world setting.

Materials And Methods: In this prospective, open, single-cohort study, conducted in 13 referral hospitals in South Korea, opioid-tolerant cancer patients receiving around-the-clock opioids for persistent cancer pain were enrolled if the individual had BTcP ≥ 1 episode/day during the preceding week.

Superior One-year Forgotten Joint Scores with cruciate-retaining mobile bearings versus posterior-stabilized mobile and fixed bearings in a contemporary total knee system.

Background: Total knee arthroplasty (TKA) mainly involves the femoral, tibial, and bearing implants. Bearings are categorized by posterior cruciate ligament (PCL) status (cruciate-retaining [CR] vs. posterior-stabilized [PS]) and motion (mobile vs.

Coronal Plane Alignment of the Knee (CPAK) Type Shifts Toward Constitutional Varus with Increasing Kellgren and Lawrence Grade: A Radiographic Analysis of 17,365 Knees.

Background: Studies investigating constitutional alignment across various grades of osteoarthritis (OA) are limited. This study explored the distribution of Coronal Plane Alignment of the Knee (CPAK) types and associated radiographic parameters with increasing OA severity.

Methods: In this retrospective cross-sectional study, 17,365 knees were analyzed using deep learning software for radiographic measurements.

Serotype distribution and clinical characteristics of Group B Streptococcus Bacteremia in nonpregnant adults: a 15-Year Multicenter Study in Korea.

Background: Group B Streptococcus (GBS) bacteremia in nonpregnant adults is of increasing concern, particularly among the elderly in underlying conditions. This study analyzed the serotype distribution, antimicrobial resistance patterns, and clinical characteristics of GBS bacteremia in nonpregnant adults over a 15-year period in two tertiary hospitals in Korea.

Methods: From 2007 to 2021, patients aged ≥ 19 years with GBS bacteremia were identified via retrospective electronic medical record review.

A streamlined algorithm for two-dimensional bandgaps and defect-state energy variations in InGaN-based micro-LEDs.

Bandgaps and defect-state energies are key electrical characteristics of semiconductor materials and devices, thereby necessitating nanoscale analysis with a heightened detection threshold. An example of such a device is an InGaN-based light-emitting diode (LED), which is used to create fine pixels in augmented-reality micro-LED glasses. This process requires an in-depth understanding of the spatial variations of the bandgap and its defect states in the implanted area, especially for small-sized pixelation requiring electroluminescence.