Enhancing effects of anagliptin on myoblast differentiation and the expression of mitochondrial biogenetic factors in C2C12 mouse skeletal muscle cells.

To investigate the regulatory effects of anagliptin, a DPP-IV inhibitor used to treat type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM), on myoblast differentiation and mitochondrial biogenesis in C2C12 mouse skeletal muscle cells. C2C12 myoblasts were differentiated into myotubes and then treated with anagliptin (10, 25, and 50 μmol/L) for 24 hours. In C2C12 myotubes, anagliptin treatment was significantly increased the expression of MHC, PGC1α, Sirt-1, NRF-1, and TFAM and the phosphorylation of AMPK and ACC in a concentration-dependent manner.

Anticancer Effects of Baicalein in FRO Thyroid Cancer Cells Through the Up-regulation of ERK/p38 MAPK and Akt Pathway.

Background/aim: The aim of the study was to evaluate the anticancer effects of baicalein in FRO anaplastic thyroid cancer (ATC) cells.

Materials And Methods: FRO cells were treated with baicalein and viability was measured by the MTT assay. Cell apoptosis was observed by staining with Hoechst dye.

Thrombin Generation Assay Detects Moderate-Intensity Statin-Induced Reduction of Hypercoagulability in Diabetes.

Statins not only have a lipid-lowering effect but also reduce inflammation and have an antithrombotic effect. Since hypercoagulability assessed by thrombin generation assay (TGA) and increased formation of neutrophil extracellular traps (NET) were demonstrated in diabetes, we investigated whether statin therapy in diabetes modifies coagulation status and NET formation. Twenty-five consecutive patients with diabetes were recruited.

Combined Effects of Baicalein and Docetaxel on Apoptosis in 8505c Anaplastic Thyroid Cancer Cells via Downregulation of the ERK and Akt/mTOR Pathways.

Background: Anaplastic thyroid cancer (ATC) is one of the most lethal human malignancies. Docetaxel, a microtubule stabilizer, is a common chemotherapeutic agent used to treat various metastatic cancers. However, prolonged use results in various side effects and drug resistance.

Mediastinal Bronchogenic Cysts: Demonstration of Fluid-Fluid Level in Bronchoscopic US Imaging.

We report the findings for 2 patients with a fluid-fluid level seen on endobronchial ultrasound (EBUS) images of bronchogenic cysts. The EBUS images demonstrated a well-circumscribed cyst with a fluid-fluid level showing an anechoic upper part and a relatively hyperechoic lower part. A fluid-fluid level on EBUS imaging of a bronchogenic cyst, which can help confirm the cystic nature of the lesion, has not been previously reported.

Contact system activation and high thrombin generation in hyperthyroidism.

Background: Hyperthyroidism is associated with increased thrombotic risk. As contact system activation through formation of neutrophil extracellular traps (NET) has emerged as an important trigger of thrombosis, we hypothesized that the contact system is activated along with active NET formation in hyperthyroidism and that their markers correlate with disease severity.

Subjects And Methods: In 61 patients with hyperthyroidism and 40 normal controls, the levels of coagulation factors (fibrinogen, and factor VII, VIII, IX, XI and XII), D-dimer, thrombin generation assay (TGA) markers, NET formation markers (histone-DNA complex, double-stranded DNA and neutrophil elastase) and contact system markers (activated factor XII (XIIa), high-molecular-weight kininogen (HMWK), prekallikrein and bradykinin) were measured.

Large Endobronchial Hamartoma Successfully Resected by Snare Through Flexible Bronchoscopy.

Benign pulmonary tumors are rare, composing less than 1% of pulmonary tumors; of these, hamartomas are the most common. Endobronchial hamartomas are rarer still, composing 1.4% of all pulmonary hamartomas.