Survival, Growth, and Reproduction Responses in a Three-Generation Exposure of the Zebrafish (Danio rerio) to Perfluorooctane Sulfonate.

A prior multigenerational perfluorooctane sulfonic acid (PFOS) exposure investigation in zebrafish reported adverse effects at 0.734 µg/L, among the lowest aquatic effect levels for PFOS reported to date. The present three-generation PFOS exposure quantified survival, growth, reproduction, and vitellogenin (VTG; egg yolk protein) responses in zebrafish, incorporating experimental design and procedural improvements relative to the earlier study.

Effects of process factors on the performance of electrochemical disinfection for wastewater in a continuous-flow cell reactor.

Although electrochemical disinfection has been shown to be an effective approach to inactivate bacteria in saline water, the effects of process parameters and reactor design for its application in low-salinity water have not been well understood. In this study, factorial experiments were performed to investigate the direct and confounded effects of applied current (5-20 mA), contact time (2.5-20 min), anode surface area (185-370 cm), and chloride concentration (50-400 mg L) on the disinfection efficiency in fresh water and the secondary effluent of municipal wastewater.

Use of dilute ammonia gas for treatment of 1,2,3-trichloropropane and explosives-contaminated soils.

Laboratory studies were performed to test a novel reactive gas process for in-situ treatment of soils containing halogenated propanes or explosives. A soil column study, using a 5% ammonia-in-air mixture, established that the treatment process can increase soil pH from 7.5 to 10.

Heat-activated persulfate oxidation of PFOA, 6:2 fluorotelomer sulfonate, and PFOS under conditions suitable for in-situ groundwater remediation.

PFOA (perfluorooctanoic acid) oxidation (0.121-6.04 μM) by heat-activated persulfate was evaluated at 20-60 °C with 4.

Influence of soil type and extraction conditions on perchlorate analysis by ion chromatography.

Perchlorate is a stable anion that has been introduced into the environment through activities related to its production and use as a solid rocket propellant. Perchlorate is thought to transport through soils without being adsorbed; thus, for determination of perchlorate in soil, samples are typically extracted with water prior to analysis. The completeness of extraction depends on perchlorate existing as a free ion within the soil matrix.