Automated translation accurately translates recorded pediatric neurosurgery clinic conversations between Spanish and English.

Objective: The purpose of this study is to analyze an automated voice to text translation device by reporting the translation accuracy for recorded pediatric neurosurgery clinic conversations, classifying errors in translation according to their impact on overall understanding, and comparing the incidence of these errors in English to Spanish vs. Spanish to English conversations.

Methods: English and Spanish speaking patients at a single academic health system's outpatient pediatric neurosurgery clinic had their conversations recorded.

Pediatric Neurosurgery in Primary Care: Masses of the Scalp and Skull in Children.

There are a wide variety of scalp and skull lesions that can affect the pediatric population, many of which are first encountered by primary care physicians. The differential consists of a broad range of more common congenital lesions, sequelae of trauma, and vascular anomalies, to very rare neoplastic processes. It is important to understand signs and symptoms that may indicate whether a lesion may be benign versus life threatening, what imaging studies are appropriate and how to interpret them, and when to seek referrals to specialists.

Neonatal Hydrocephalus Treatment with Ultrasmall Valve Implantation.

Objective: Neonatal hydrocephalus remains a difficult condition to manage, due to high failure rates among all management strategies. Neurosurgeons commonly manage hydrocephalus with ventriculoperitoneal shunt (VPS) implantation, and valves of variable sizes and profiles are available for implantation. This study examines primary ventricular shunt valve implantation complication rates based on valve profiles in pediatric patients with hydrocephalus.

Septal dysembryoplastic neuroepithelial tumor: a comprehensive clinical, imaging, histopathologic, and molecular analysis.

Background: Dysembryoplastic neuroepithelial tumors (DNETs) are uncommon neural tumors presenting most often in children and young adults and associated with intractable seizures. Rare midline neoplasms with similar histological features to those found in DNETs have been described near the septum pellucidum and termed "DNET-like neoplasms of the septum pellucidum." Due to their rarity, these tumors have been described in just a few reports and their genetic alterations sought only in small series.

Long-term Efficacy of Single-agent Vemurafenib for Pleomorphic Xanthoastrocytoma.

Pleomorphic xanthoastrocytoma is a malignant brain tumor that has a good prognosis with complete resection but does not respond well to chemotherapy if there is residual tumor. BRAF V600E mutations are common in pleomorphic xanthoastrocytomas and provide an additional means for treatment when excision is not possible. Monotherapy with the BRAF V600E inhibitor vemurafenib has only been reported in a small number of cases and mostly in adults.

Co-occurrence of frameshift mutations in and in a child with complex craniosynostosis.

Non-syndromic craniosynostosis (CS) affects 1 in 2350 live births. Recent studies have shown that a significant fraction of cases are caused by de novo or rare transmitted mutations that promote premature osteoblast differentiation in cranial sutures. Rare heterozygous loss-of-function (LOF) mutations in and are highly enriched in patients with non-syndromic sagittal and coronal CS, respectively.

Chiari decompression outcomes using ligamentum nuchae harvest and duraplasty in pediatric patients with Chiari malformation type I.

OBJECTIVE The choice of graft material for duraplasty in decompressions of Chiari malformations remains a matter of debate. The authors present a detailed technique for harvesting ligamenta nuchae, as well as the clinical and radiographic outcomes of this technique, in a case series. METHODS The authors conducted a retrospective study evaluating the outcomes of Chiari malformation type I decompression and duraplasty in children aged 0-18 years at a single institution from 2013 to 2016.

Ventriculosubgaleal shunts at Columbus Children's Hospital: Neurosurgical implant placement in the neonatal intensive care unit.

Object: The authors review all cases in which ventriculosubgaleal (VSG) shunts were placed at Columbus Children's Hospital for the treatment of posthemorrhagic hydrocephalus in order to assess the surgical procedure, effectiveness of surgery, and complications of cerebrospinal fluid diversion to the subgaleal space. The purpose of the review is to make a comparison between cases in which shunts were placed in the operating room (OR) and those in which they were placed in the neonatal intensive care unit (NICU). Considerations and complications specific to patient transport to the OR or surgical implantation in the NICU are discussed.