Extracorporeal life support and cardiopulmonary bypass for central airway surgery: A systematic review.

Background: Major airway surgery can pose a complex problem to perioperative central airway management. Adjuncts to advanced ventilation strategies have included cardiopulmonary bypass, veno-arterial, or veno-venous extracorporeal life support. We performed a systematic review to assess the existing evidence utilizing these strategies.

Postoperative Telehealth Visits Reduce Emergency Department Visits and 30-Day Readmissions in Elective Thoracic Surgery Patients.

Background: Preventing postoperative 30-day readmissions requires an investment in patient care. The use of postdischarge telehealth visits to prevent potential adverse events or hospital visits has been shown in previous studies.

Purpose: We aim to determine the impact of postoperative telehealth visits (PTV) on reducing emergency department visits (EDV) and readmissions within 30 days postdischarge (30DR).

Development and Validation of a Prediction Model for Stroke, Cardiac, and Mortality Risk After Non-Cardiac Surgery.

Background Commonly used cardiovascular risk calculators do not provide risk estimation of stroke, a major postoperative complication with high morbidity and mortality. We developed and validated an accurate cardiovascular risk prediction tool for stroke, major cardiac complications (myocardial infarction or cardiac arrest), and mortality after non-cardiac surgery. Methods and Results This retrospective cohort study included 1 165 750 surgical patients over a 4-year period (2007-2010) from the American College of Surgeons National Surgical Quality Improvement Program Database.

Development and Validation of a Web-Based Prediction Model for AKI after Surgery.

Background: AKI after surgery is associated with high mortality and morbidity. The purpose of this study is to develop and validate a risk prediction tool for the occurrence of postoperative AKI requiring RRT (AKI-dialysis).

Methods: This retrospective cohort study had 2,299,502 surgical patients over 2015-2017 from the American College of Surgeons National Surgical Quality Improvement Program Database (ACS NSQIP).

The Pathway to Low Outlier Status in Venous Thromboembolism Events: An Analysis of Pancreatic Surgery in the National Surgical Quality Improvement Program.

Our institution's hepatopancreaticobiliary surgery service (HPBS) has demonstrated low rates of venous thromboembolism (VTE). We sought to determine whether the HPBS's regimented multimodal VTE prophylaxis pathway, which includes the use of mechanical prophylaxis, pharmacological prophylaxis, and ambulation, plays a role in achieving low VTE rates. We compared pancreatic surgeries in the American College of Surgeons National Surgical Quality Improvement Program (NSQIP) participant user file with our institution's data from 2011 to 2016 using univariate, multivariate, and matching statistics.

Racial Disparities in Rates of Surgery for Esophageal Cancer: a Study from the National Cancer Database.

Background: Treatment guidelines for stage I-III esophageal cancer indicate that management should include surgery in appropriate patients. Variations in utilization of surgery may contribute to racial differences observed in survival. We sought to identify factors associated with racial disparities in surgical resection of esophageal cancer and evaluate associated survival differences.

Asymptomatic Trauma Patients Screened for Venous Thromboembolism Have a Higher Risk Profile with Lower Rate of Pulmonary Embolism: A Five-Year Single-Institution Experience.

Deep vein thrombosis (DVT) is linked to reimbursements and publicly reported metrics. Some hospitals discourage venous duplex ultrasound (VDUS) screening in asymptomatic trauma patients because they often find higher rates of DVT. We aim to evaluate the association between lower extremity (LE) VDUS screening and pulmonary embolism (PE) in trauma patients.

Early Discharge Does Not Increase Readmission Rates After Minimally Invasive Anatomic Lung Resection.

Objective: Enhanced recovery pathways reduce length of stay and costs following lung resection. However, many fear that early discharge may lead to increased hospital readmissions. In this study, we aimed to determine whether early discharge was associated with increased readmission following anatomic lung resection.

Disparity in age at lung cancer diagnosis between current and former smokers.

Purpose: In a previous study of smoking cessation in veterans with lung cancer, we noted as an incidental finding that current smokers were much younger than former smokers at diagnosis. To confirm and extend this observation, we analyzed the association of smoking status with age at diagnosis and survival of lung cancer patients.

Methods: The Jefferson Cancer Registry collects information on all cancer patients registered at this hospital.

Adherence to Inpatient Venous Thromboembolism Prophylaxis: A Single Institution's Concurrent Review.

Hospital-acquired venous thromboembolism (VTE) affects morbidity and mortality and increases health care costs. Poor adherence to recommended prophylaxis may be a potential cause of ongoing events. This study aims to identify institutional adherence rates and barriers to optimal VTE prophylaxis.

Algernon Brashear Jackson, M.D.: A Pioneer for Community and Minority Advocacy.

A historical vignette regarding Dr. Algernon Brashear Jackson, the first Black male graduate from Jefferson Medical College. It details his early life, medical school years, surgical training, and contributions to his local community and beyond as he paved the way for future doctors of color.

René Gerónimo Favaloro (1923-2000): A Man Who Struggled with Matters of the Heart.

René Gerónimo Favaloro prided himself on being a "simple country doctor." Born in La Plata, Argentina, Dr. Favaloro had an interest in Argentina's sociopolitical and healthcare systems beginning at a young age.

Gerald J. Marks, M.D., FACS (1925-), founder of the Society of American Gastrointestinal Endoscopic Surgeons (SAGES).

This historical vignette describes the professional career of Gerald J. Marks, the founder of the Society of American Gastrointestinal and Endoscopic Surgeons and the International Federation of Societies of Endoscopic Surgeons. Dr.

Outcomes in Children Undergoing Surgery for Congenital Pulmonary Airway Malformations in the First Year of Life.

Background: Treatment of congenital pulmonary airway malformations (CPAMs) is generally surgical resection; however, there is controversy regarding the optimal timing of surgical intervention, especially in asymptomatic patients.

Study Design: Using the American College of Surgeons National Surgical Quality Improvement Program-Pediatric Participant Use Files from 2012 to 2015, children who underwent lung resection for CPAMs were identified. Outcomes in children who underwent lung resection during the neonatal period were compared with those who underwent resection beyond the neonatal period, but during the first year of life (non-neonates).

Major General Malcolm C. Grow, M.D. (1887-1960) Soldier, Surgeon, Airman.

World War I (WWI) and World War II (WWII) both presented physicians with challenges unseen before in history. New inventions such as the machine gun and poisonous gas in WWI and the massive aircraft battles in WWII required physicians and surgeons to adapt and innovate to provide the best care and preventative measures for service members. One physician, Malcolm Cummings Grow, distinguished himself as an innovator, a researcher, and a leader.

A Brief Overview of the Life and Work of Lyon Henry Appleby, M.D. (1895-1970).

The life and work of Dr. Lyon Henry Appleby, M.D.