Bidirectional associations between perinatal allopregnanolone and depression severity with postpartum gray matter volume in adult women.

Background: Perinatal depression (PND) is a debilitating condition affecting maternal well-being and child development. Allopregnanolone (ALLO) is important to perinatal neuroplasticity, however its relationship with depression severity and postpartum structural brain volume is unknown.

Method: We examined perinatal temporal dynamics and bidirectional associations between ALLO and depression severity and the association between these variables and postpartum gray matter volume, using a random intercept cross-lagged panel model.

Silencing Parkinson's risk allele Rit2 sex-specifically compromises motor function and dopamine neuron viability.

Parkinson's disease (PD) is the second most prevalent neurodegenerative disease and arises from dopamine (DA) neuron death selectively in the substantia nigra pars compacta (SNc). Rit2 is a reported PD risk allele, and recent single cell transcriptomic studies identified a major RIT2 cluster in PD DA neurons, potentially linking Rit2 expression loss to a PD patient cohort. However, it is still unknown whether Rit2 loss itself impacts DA neuron function and/or viability.

A Qualitative Description of CRNA Clinical Coordinators' and Student Registered Nurse Anesthetists' Perceptions of Clinical Readiness.

The transition from classroom academic environment to clinical patient-focused learning is a celebrated milestone, yet it is a source of stress and anxiety for student registered nurse anesthetists (SRNAs). In nurse anesthesia education, limited information exists on perceptions of clinical readiness, either from the certified registered nurse anesthetist (CRNA) clinical educators' or the SRNAs' experiences. The purpose of this study was to explore the perceptions of CRNA clinical coordinators and SRNAs regarding clinical readiness as the students transition from classroom to clinical training.

ATP1A3 as a target for isolating neuron-specific extracellular vesicles from human brain and biofluids.

Neuron-derived extracellular vesicles (NDEVs) are potential biomarkers of neurological diseases although their reliable molecular target is not well established. Here, we demonstrate that ATPase Na/K transporting subunit alpha 3 (ATP1A3) is abundantly expressed in extracellular vesicles (EVs) isolated from induced human neuron, brain, cerebrospinal fluid, and plasma in comparison with the presumed NDEV markers NCAM1 and L1CAM by using super-resolution microscopy and biochemical assessments. Proteomic analysis of immunoprecipitated ATP1A3 brain-derived EVs shows higher enrichment of synaptic markers and cargo proteins relevant to Alzheimer's disease (AD) compared to NCAM1 or LICAM EVs.

Impacts of marine heatwaves on top predator distributions are variable but predictable.

Marine heatwaves cause widespread environmental, biological, and socio-economic impacts, placing them at the forefront of 21st-century management challenges. However, heatwaves vary in intensity and evolution, and a paucity of information on how this variability impacts marine species limits our ability to proactively manage for these extreme events. Here, we model the effects of four recent heatwaves (2014, 2015, 2019, 2020) in the Northeastern Pacific on the distributions of 14 top predator species of ecological, cultural, and commercial importance.

Targeting STING oligomerization with small-molecule inhibitors.

Stimulator of interferon genes (STING) is an essential adaptor protein required for the inflammatory response to cytosolic DNA. dsDNA activates cGAS to generate cGAMP, which binds and activates STING triggering a conformational change, oligomerization, and the IRF3- and NFκB-dependent transcription of type I Interferons (IFNs) and inflammatory cytokines, as well as the activation of autophagy. Aberrant activation of STING is now linked to a growing number of both rare as well as common chronic inflammatory diseases.

Immunopeptidome profiling of human coronavirus OC43-infected cells identifies CD4 T-cell epitopes specific to seasonal coronaviruses or cross-reactive with SARS-CoV-2.

Seasonal "common-cold" human coronaviruses are widely spread throughout the world and are mainly associated with mild upper respiratory tract infections. The emergence of highly pathogenic coronaviruses MERS-CoV, SARS-CoV, and most recently SARS-CoV-2 has prompted increased attention to coronavirus biology and immunopathology, but the T-cell response to seasonal coronaviruses remains largely uncharacterized. Here we report the repertoire of viral peptides that are naturally processed and presented upon infection of a model cell line with seasonal coronavirus OC43.

Predicting Subsequent Injury after Being Cleared to Return to Work from Initial Lumbar or Lower Extremity Injury.

Purpose: The purpose of this study is to develop a model to predict re-injury after being cleared to return to full duty from an initial injury.

Methods: This was a prediction model derivation cohort study. Military service members cleared for unrestricted full duty after sustaining a musculoskeletal injury were enrolled from three large military hospitals.

Global assessment of marine plastic exposure risk for oceanic birds.

Plastic pollution is distributed patchily around the world's oceans. Likewise, marine organisms that are vulnerable to plastic ingestion or entanglement have uneven distributions. Understanding where wildlife encounters plastic is crucial for targeting research and mitigation.

Signal recognition particle receptor-β (SR-β) coordinates cotranslational N-glycosylation.

Proteins destined for the secretory compartment of the cell are cotranslationally translocated into the endoplasmic reticulum. The majority of these proteins are N-glycosylated, a co- and posttranslational modification that ensures proper protein folding, stability, solubility, and cellular localization. Here, we show that the [Formula: see text] subunit of the signal recognition particle receptor (SR) is required for assembly of the N-glycosylation-competent translocon.

Active breeding seabirds prospect alternative breeding colonies.

Compared to other animal movements, prospecting by adult individuals for a future breeding site is commonly overlooked. Prospecting influences the decision of where to breed and has consequences on fitness and lifetime reproductive success. By analysing movements of 31 satellite- and GPS-tracked gull and tern populations belonging to 14 species in Europe and North America, we examined the occurrence and factors explaining prospecting by actively breeding birds.

Immunopeptidome profiling of human coronavirus OC43-infected cells identifies CD4 T cell epitopes specific to seasonal coronaviruses or cross-reactive with SARS-CoV-2.

Unlabelled: Seasonal "common-cold" human coronaviruses are widely spread throughout the world and are mainly associated with mild upper respiratory tract infections. The emergence of highly pathogenic coronaviruses MERS-CoV, SARS-CoV, and most recently SARS-CoV-2 has prompted increased attention to coronavirus biology and immunopathology, but identification and characterization of the T cell response to seasonal human coronaviruses remain largely uncharacterized. Here we report the repertoire of viral peptides that are naturally processed and presented upon infection of a model cell line with seasonal human coronavirus OC43.

New Medical Device and Therapeutic Approvals in Otolaryngology: State of the Art Review of 2021.

Objective: To evaluate new medical devices and drugs pertinent to otolaryngology-head and neck surgery that were approved by the Food and Drug Administration (FDA) in 2021.

Data Sources: Publicly available FDA device and drug approvals from ENT (ear, nose, and throat), anesthesia, neurosurgery, plastic surgery, and general surgery FDA committees.

Review Methods: FDA device and therapeutic approvals were identified and reviewed by members of the American Academy of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery's Medical Devices and Drugs Committee.

Alzheimer's disease associated AKAP9 I2558M mutation alters posttranslational modification and interactome of tau and cellular functions in CRISPR-edited human neuronal cells.

Alzheimer's disease (AD) is a pervasive neurodegeneration disease with high heritability. In this study, we employed CRISPR-Cas9-engineered technology to investigate the effects of a rare mutation (rs144662445) in the A kinase anchoring protein 9 (AKAP9) gene, which is associated with AD in African Americans (AA), on tau pathology and the tau interactome in SH-SY5Y P301L neuron-like cells. The mutation significantly increased the level of phosphorylated tau, specifically at the site Ser396/Ser404.

AAV-delivered suppressor tRNA overcomes a nonsense mutation in mice.

Gene therapy is a potentially curative medicine for many currently untreatable diseases, and recombinant adeno-associated virus (rAAV) is the most successful gene delivery vehicle for in vivo applications. However, rAAV-based gene therapy suffers from several limitations, such as constrained DNA cargo size and toxicities caused by non-physiological expression of a transgene. Here we show that rAAV delivery of a suppressor tRNA (rAAV.

Recovery, Rehabilitation, and Return to Full Duty in a Military Population After a Recent Injury: Differences Between Lower-Extremity and Spine Injuries.

Purpose: To compare readiness to return to duty in soldiers following recent lower-extremity versus spine injury. The secondary purposes were to provide normative data for the Selective Functional Movement Assessment Top Tier movements (SFMA-TTM) and assess the association between SFMA-TTM scores and future injury occurrence, comparing injuries of the lower extremity and thoracic/lumbar spine.

Methods: SFMA was rated by trained assessors on 480 U.

Novel γ-sarcoglycan interactors in murine muscle membranes.

Background: The sarcoglycan complex (SC) is part of a network that links the striated muscle cytoskeleton to the basal lamina across the sarcolemma. The SC coordinates changes in phosphorylation and Ca-flux during mechanical deformation, and these processes are disrupted with loss-of-function mutations in gamma-sarcoglycan (Sgcg) that cause Limb girdle muscular dystrophy 2C/R5.

Methods: To gain insight into how the SC mediates mechano-signaling in muscle, we utilized LC-MS/MS proteomics of SC-associated proteins in immunoprecipitates from enriched sarcolemmal fractions.

Utilization of Neurophysiological Classification Systems in Determining Interventions for Patients with Carpal Tunnel Syndrome.

Background: Median mononeuropathy at or distal to the wrist, or carpal tunnel syndrome (CTS), is the most common peripheral nerve compression disorder in the upper extremity. Neurophysiological classification systems for patients with CTS have been developed and implemented to provide health care providers an enhanced system of electrophysiological evaluation with a grading scale, so that they may evaluate their patients with CTS within a system that confers relative severity. Electrophysiological data collected within these classification systems includes either nerve conduction studies (NCS), or both NCS and electromyography (EMG) test results.

Proximity-Dependent Labeling of Cysteines.

Mapping protein-protein interactions is crucial for understanding various signaling pathways in living cells, and developing new techniques for this purpose has attracted significant interest. Classic methods (e.g.

Identification of novel inhibitory metabolites and impact verification on growth and protein synthesis in mammalian cells.

Mammalian cells consume large amount of nutrients during growth and production. However, endogenous metabolic inefficiencies often prevent cells to fully utilize nutrients to support growth and protein production. Instead, significant fraction of fed nutrients is diverted into extracellular accumulation of waste by-products and metabolites, further inhibiting proliferation and protein synthesis.

A Streamlined Data Analysis Pipeline for the Identification of Sites of Citrullination.

Citrullination is an enzyme-catalyzed post-translational modification (PTM) that is essential for a host of biological processes, including gene regulation, programmed cell death, and organ development. While this PTM is required for normal cellular functions, aberrant citrullination is a hallmark of autoimmune disorders as well as cancer. Although aberrant citrullination is linked to human pathology, the exact role of citrullination in disease remains poorly characterized, in part because of the challenges associated with identifying the specific arginine residues that are citrullinated.