Factors Influencing Frequency of Pediatric Clinically Distinguishable Influenza: A 2 Season Case-Control Study.

Background: Little is known about the individual differences in susceptibility to, or lifetime frequency of clinically distinguishable influenza in children.

Methods: Rapid enzyme linked immunoassay-confirmed influenza pediatric cases (n = 96) in season 1 (2017-2018) were compared to age-matched (mean 7.7 years) controls (n = 171) with no evidence of influenza in season 1.

Reasons for influenza vaccination underutilization: A case-control study.

Background: Influenza vaccines are underused.

Methods: Most (131/140) patients from a pediatric practice who were tested for influenza in the 2012-2013 season were enrolled. Medical records plus questionnaires determined vaccine and past disease histories and influenza vaccine attitudes.

Fatal Neonatal Herpes Simplex Infection Likely from Unrecognized Breast Lesions.

Type 1 herpes simplex virus (HSV-1) is very prevalent yet in rare circumstances can lead to fatal neonatal disease. Genital acquisition of type 2 HSV is the usual mode for neonatal herpes, but HSV-1 transmission by genital or extragenital means may result in greater mortality rates. A very rare scenario is presented in which the mode of transmission was likely through breast lesions.

Interaction of genes and nutritional factors in the etiology of autism and attention deficit/hyperactivity disorders: a case control study.

Objective: To compare risk factors of attention deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) and autism spectrum disorder (ASD) to age/sex-matched controls with particular attention to family history, parental age and nutrition.

Method: 31 ASD and 81 ADHD patients were compared to 612 age/sex-matched controls by reviewing charts for parental age, sibling order, gestational age, and early feeding, and by parental interview for early feeding and family history of psychopathology on affected patients and 139 of those controls.

Findings: Parental age affected ASD and ADHD females but not males.