Medical Care for Swimmers.

Swimming is one of the most popular sports worldwide. Competitive swimming is one of the most watched sports during the Olympic Games. Swimming has unique medical challenges as a result of a variety of environmental and chemical exposures.

A descriptive profile of age-specific knee extension flexion strength in elite junior tennis players.

Background: Tennis requires repetitive multidirectional movement patterns that can lead to lower extremity injury. Knowledge of population and age-specific strength parameters can be used during performance enhancement training and rehabilitation of tennis players.

Objectives: The purpose of this study was to generate population and age-specific descriptive profiles of concentric isokinetic knee extension and flexion strength in elite junior tennis players, and determine whether bilateral differences exist between extremities and across age ranges.

Abnormal coupling of knee and hip moments during maximal exertions in persons with cerebral palsy.

The motions of lower-limb extension, adduction, and internal rotation are frequently coupled in persons with cerebral palsy (CP) and are commonly referred to as an extension synergy. However, the underlying joint moments that give rise to these coupled motions are not well understood. We hypothesized that maximal voluntary exertions in a direction of one component of a synergy (e.

Analysis of a swimmer's hand and arm in steady flow conditions using computational fluid dynamics.

Propulsive forces generated by swimmers' hands and arms have, to date, been determined strictly through experimental testing. As an alternative to these complex and costly experiments, the present research has applied the numerical technique of computational fluid dynamics (CFD) to calculate the steady flow around a swimmer's hand and arm at various angles of attack. Force coefficients computed for the hand and arm compared well with steady-state coefficients determined experimentally.