Effects of raloxifene hydrochloride on endometrial cancer cells in vitro.

Objective: Determine effects of raloxifene hydrochloride, a selective estrogen receptor modulator (SERM), on growth and proliferation of an estrogen-responsive endometrial cancer cell line in vitro.

Materials And Methods: Studies were performed with Ishikawa endometrial adenocarcinoma cells, a well-differentiated cancer that expresses estrogen receptors and progesterone receptors. Raloxifene was purified as the hydrochloride salt.

Activation time course of activator protein-1 and effect of proline dithiocarbamate during ischemia-reperfusion in rat skeletal muscle.

Activator protein 1 (AP-1) is thought to play an important role in the expression of genes expressed in response to ischemia-reperfusion injury. In this report, the activation of AP-1 in rat skeletal muscle during reperfusion after a 4-hour ischemic period was studied. AP-1 activation displayed a biphasic pattern, showing peak activities at 1 hour after perfusion and from 4 hours to 12 hours after perfusion.