Corrective Osteotomy for Symptomatic Radial Head and Neck Malunions in the Skeletally Immature.

Background: Radial head and neck fracture malunion can lead to pain, stiffness, deformity, and functional limitations. This study analyzed the early radiographic and functional outcomes of corrective osteotomy for symptomatic radial head and/or neck malunion in skeletally immature patients.

Methods: Thirteen pediatric patients treated with corrective osteotomy for symptomatic radial head and/or neck malunion from 2004 to 2018 were identified.

Digit Replantation The First 50 Years.

Since the first successful digit replantation by Japanese surgeons Komatsu and Tamai, the past half century has seen the field of digit replantation in the USA experience exponential growth followed by a steady decline in volume of cases and percentage of successful viable digits. The initial enthusiasm and technical progress of digital replantation has been tempered by mediocre functional outcomes, rising healthcare costs, and limited healthcare resources. The history and approach to digit replantation is reviewed and highlights the likely push toward the development of regional replant centers staffed by highly skilled teams to improve the functional outcomes following these complex procedures.

Biomechanical evaluation of 5 fixation devices for proximal interphalangeal joint arthrodesis.

Purpose: To determine in a cadaver model which, among 5 fixation methods for proximal interphalangeal (PIP) joint arthrodesis, has the greatest stiffness.

Methods: Thirty-five cadaver digits were randomly assigned to 1 of 5 fixation groups: oblique K-wire with coronal intraosseous wiring, tension-band wire (TBW), dorsal plate, intramedullary linked screw (IMS), and 90/90 wiring (90/90W). Testing was done by applying bending moments to the PIP joint in the sagittal and frontal planes.

Maternal high-altitude hypoxia and suppression of ryanodine receptor-mediated Ca2+ sparks in fetal sheep pulmonary arterial myocytes.

Ca(2+) sparks are fundamental Ca(2+) signaling events arising from ryanodine receptor (RyR) activation, events that relate to contractile and dilatory events in the pulmonary vasculature. Recent studies demonstrate that long-term hypoxia (LTH) can affect pulmonary arterial reactivity in fetal, newborn, and adult animals. Because RyRs are important to pulmonary vascular reactivity and reactivity changes with ontogeny and LTH we tested the hypothesis that RyR-generated Ca(2+) signals are more active before birth and that LTH suppresses these responses.

Measurement of the incorporation and repair of exogenous 5-hydroxymethyl-2'-deoxyuridine in human cells in culture using gas chromatography-negative chemical ionization-mass spectrometry.

The DNA of all organisms is constantly damaged by oxidation. Among the array of damage products is 5-hydroxymethyluracil, derived from oxidation of the thymine methyl group. Previous studies have established that HmU can be a sensitive and valuable marker of DNA damage.