Physical activity and health-related quality of life of patients with chronic knee pain after total knee replacement: Analysis of the PEP-TALK trial.

Background: Chronic pain is a major challenge for some people after total knee replacement (TKR). The changing impact of this complication during the first post-operative year remains unclear. This analysis aimed to examine how physical activity and health-related quality of life (HRQoL) evolved over the first year after TKR for patients with and without post-operative chronic knee pain.

Randomised controlled trial of a behaviour change physiotherapy intervention to increase physical activity following hip and knee replacement: the PEP-TALK trial.

Objective: To test the effectiveness of a behaviour change physiotherapy intervention to increase physical activity compared with usual rehabilitation after total hip replacement (THR) or total knee replacement (TKR).

Design: Multicentre, pragmatic, two-arm, open, randomised controlled, superiority trial.

Setting: National Health Service providers in nine English hospitals.

Statistical analysis plan for a pragmatic phase III randomised controlled trial examining behaviour change physiotherapy intervention to increase physical activity following hip and knee replacements: the PEP-TALK trial.

Background: Total hip (THR) and total knee replacements (TKR) are two highly successful orthopaedic procedures that reduce pain for people with osteoarthritis. Previous evidence suggests that physical activity, at best, remains the same pre- to post-operatively, and in some instances declines. The PEP-TALK trial evaluates the effects of a group-based, behaviour change intervention on physical activity following a THR or TKR.

Characteristics of L-PRP preparations for treating Achilles tendon rupture within the PATH-2 study.

Platelet-rich plasma (PRP) is an autologous preparation that has been claimed to improve healing and mechanobiological properties of tendons both in vitro and in vivo. In this sub-study from the PATH-2 (PRP in Achilles Tendon Healing-2) trial, we report the cellular and growth factor content and quality of the Leukocyte-rich PRP (L-PRP) (N = 103) prepared using a standardized commercial preparation method across 19 different UK centers. Baseline whole blood cell counts (red cells, leukocyte and platelets) demonstrated that the two groups were well-matched.

Estimation of US patients with cancer who may respond to cytotoxic chemotherapy.

Aims Patients & Methods: In this retrospective review, we sought to estimate the proportion of patients in the USA with advanced or metastatic cancer who are eligible for and may respond to recommended first-line cytotoxic chemotherapy based on National Comprehensive Cancer Network treatment guidelines.

Results: Among 609,640 patients, we estimate 479,823 (78.7%, 95% CI: 78.

Behaviour change physiotherapy intervention to increase physical activity following hip and knee replacement (PEP-TALK): study protocol for a pragmatic randomised controlled trial.

Introduction: While total hip replacement (THR) and total knee replacement (TKR) successfully reduce pain associated with chronic joint pathology, this infrequently translates into increased physical activity. This is a challenge given that over 50% of individuals who undergo these operations are physically inactive and have medical comorbidities such as hypertension, heart disease, diabetes and depression. The impact of these diseases can be reduced with physical activity.

Comparison of Drugs Used for Adjuvant and Metastatic Therapy of Colon, Breast, and Non-Small Cell Lung Cancers.

Importance: Drugs are used in the adjuvant, metastatic, or both settings in cancer, but the rate, direction, and speed with which drugs are tested and indicated in each setting are unknown.

Objective: To identify the number of unique agents that are currently category 1 or 2A per National Comprehensive Cancer Network (NCCN) guidelines in metastatic and adjuvant settings of non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC), breast cancer, and colon cancer, as well as the mean delay between use in these 2 settings and the quality of supporting evidence.

Design, Setting, And Participants: This cross-sectional study used NCCN treatment guidelines current as of May 15, 2019, and the clinical trials cited either by these guidelines or within corresponding drug labels.

Platelet rich plasma injection for acute Achilles tendon rupture: PATH-2 randomised, placebo controlled, superiority trial.

Objective: To determine whether an injection of platelet rich plasma improves outcomes after acute Achilles tendon rupture.

Design: Randomised, placebo controlled, two arm, parallel group, participant and assessor masked, superiority trial.

Setting: Secondary care trauma units across 19 hospitals in the United Kingdom's health service.

Periodontal Referral Patterns in Australia: 2000 Versus 2015.

Background: A previous study investigated differences in the severity of periodontal disease on referral for specialist care between 1980 and 2000 across the United States. The present study finds patients referred in 2000 had greater severity of periodontal disease than those referred 20 years ago.

Methods: A retrospective analysis of 384 charts was completed from three periodontal practices across the east coast of Australia.

Rapid differentiation of sexual signals in invasive toads: call variation among populations.

Advertisement calls tend to differ among populations, based on morphological and environmental factors, or simply geographic distance, in many taxa. Invasive cane toads (Rhinella marina) were introduced to Australia in 1935 and their distribution has expanded at increasing rates over time. Rapid evolution occurred in morphological and behavioural characters that accelerate dispersal, but the effects of rapid expansion on sexual signals have not been examined.

High-density lipoprotein modulates thrombosis by preventing von Willebrand factor self-association and subsequent platelet adhesion.

The ability of von Willebrand factor (VWF) to initiate platelet adhesion depends on the number of monomers in individual VWF multimers and on the self-association of individual VWF multimers into larger structures. VWF self-association is accelerated by shear stress. We observed that VWF self-association occurs during adsorption of VWF onto surfaces, assembly of secreted VWF into hyperadhesive VWF strings on the endothelial surface, and incorporation of fluid-phase VWF into VWF fibers.

Determinants of the pathways of litter chemical decomposition in a tropical region.

Litter decomposition is a key ecosystem process, yet our understanding of the drivers in chemical changes in leaves during decay is limited. Our aim was to determine the comparative differences (chemical divergence or convergence) between sites and the drivers of decay pathways. We used the litterbag method ('in situ' litterfall and standardized 'control' leaves) in Australian tropical rainforests and near-infrared spectrometry to show the chemical pathways during decomposition (c.

O-substituted alkyl aldehydes for rhodium-catalyzed intermolecular alkyne hydroacylation: the utility of methylthiomethyl ethers.

Combining α-methylthiomethyl (MTM) ether substituted aldehydes and 1-alkynes in the presence of [Rh(dppe)]ClO(4) results in efficient intermolecular alkyne hydroacylation to deliver α-O-MTM-substituted enone products. The product MTM ethers can be converted to the free hydroxyl group either in situ, by the addition of water to the completed reaction, or in a separate operation, by the action of silver nitrate.

Sex-trafficking, violence, negotiating skill, and HIV infection in brothel-based sex workers of eastern India, adjoining Nepal, Bhutan, and Bangladesh.

A community-based cross-sectional study was conducted among brothel-based sex workers of West Bengal, eastern India, to understand sex-trafficking, violence, negotiating skills, and HIV infection in them. In total, 580 sex workers from brothels of four districts participated in the study. A pretested questionnaire was introduced to study their sociodemography, sex-trafficking, violence, and negotiating skills.