Sentinel node mapping and ductal carcinoma in situ.

Background: Pure ductal carcinoma in situ (DCIS) is typically unassociated with a risk of regional lymph node involvement. Retrospective series maintain that larger tumors or high-grade histopathology may harbor a risk of lymph node involvement.

Purpose: Our community hospital retrospectively reviewed a series wherein women with DCIS were subjected to sentinel lymph node biopsy based on large tumor size and/or high-grade histopathology.

Surgery for pharmacoresistant epilepsy in the developing world: A pilot study.

Epilepsy prevalence in the developing world is many fold that found in developed countries. For individuals whose conditions failed to respond to pharmacotherapy, surgery is the only opportunity for cure. In Uganda, we developed a center for treatment of intractable temporal lobe epilepsy (iTLE) that functions within the technologic and expertise constraints of a severely low resource area.

Malignant optic nerve glioma (glioblastoma multiforme): A case report and literature review.

Primary gliomas of the optic nerve are very rare. We report a case of a 59-year-old male with sudden vision loss diagnosed with malignant optic nerve glioblastoma multiforme. Magnetic resonance imaging revealed thickening of optic tracts, chiasm, and hypothalamus.

Infiltrating orbital astrocytic proliferation associated with congenitally malformed eyes.

This report describes the clinical and pathologic findings in two adults with orbital infiltration by astrocytic cells associated with congenitally malformed eyes. Both cases had enlarging orbital masses and underwent complete resection. Histopathology revealed proliferation of astrocytes (fibrillary acidic protein-positive) that invaded the orbital tissues.

Melanocytic colonization of a meningothelial meningioma: histopathological and ultrastructural findings with immunohistochemical and genetic correlation: case report.

Objective And Importance: Melanocytic colonization of nonpigmented extracranial tumors has been reported in adenocarcinomas, squamous cell carcinomas, skin appendage tumors, and dermatofibrosarcoma protuberans. To our knowledge, melanocytic colonization of a meningioma has not previously been described.

Clinical Presentation: We report an unusual case of a 70-year-old African-American woman who presented with a large frontoparietal meningioma that extended through the calvarium.

Wernicke encephalopathy in nonalcoholic patients.

Background: Wernicke encephalopathy is associated with patients that have a history of alcohol abuse and other malnourished states. However, clinicians may be less likely to recognize this condition in nonalcoholic patients. This study was undertaken to evaluate the cause, diagnosis, treatment, and outcome of nonalcoholic patients with Wernicke encephalopathy.