Interval-based LQR strategy for optimal control of proton exchange membrane fuel cell system with interval uncertainties.

Proton exchange membrane fuel cells (PEMFC) are a type of the increasingly developed sustainable energy systems which have been turned into one of the most popular of them in the last decade. The performance of these types of fuel cells is the best among the others; however, they can be better by an authentic control to maintain in the maximum efficiency in the operative points during the current ripples. To do this and also to improve the value of the output voltage, the two-phase interleaved boost converter is utilized.