Four-year outcomes from a multiparametric magnetic resonance imaging (MRI)-based active surveillance programme: PSA dynamics and serial MRI scans allow omission of protocol biopsies.

Objectives: To report outcomes from a multiparametric (mp) magnetic resonance imaging (MRI)-based active surveillance programme that did not include performing protocol biopsies after the first confirmatory biopsy.

Patients And Methods: All patients diagnosed with Gleason 3 + 3 prostate cancer because of a raised PSA level who underwent mpMRI after diagnosis were included. Patients were recorded in a prospective clinical database and followed up with PSA monitoring and repeat MRI.

Effect of age and vaccination on extent and spread of Chlamydia pneumoniae infection in C57BL/6 mice.

Background: Chlamydia pneumoniae is an obligate intracellular respiratory pathogen for humans. Infection by C. pneumoniae may be linked etiologically to extra-respiratory diseases of aging, especially atherosclerosis.

Immunohistological detection of Chlamydia pneumoniae in the Alzheimer's disease brain.

Background: Sporadic late-onset Alzheimer's disease (AD) appears to evolve from an interplay between genetic and environmental factors. One environmental factor that continues to be of great interest is that of Chlamydia pneumoniae infection and its association with late-onset disease. Detection of this organism in clinical and autopsy samples has proved challenging using a variety of molecular and histological techniques.

Chlamydophila pneumoniae and the etiology of late-onset Alzheimer's disease.

Sporadic, late-onset Alzheimer's disease (LOAD) is a non-familial, progressive neurodegenerative disease that is now the most common and severe form of dementia in the elderly. That dementia is a direct result of neuronal damage and loss associated with accumulations of abnormal protein deposits in the brain. Great strides have been made in the past 20 years with regard to understanding the pathological entities that arise in the AD brain, both for familial AD ( approximately 5% of all cases) and LOAD ( approximately 95% of all cases).

Age alterations in extent and severity of experimental intranasal infection with Chlamydophila pneumoniae in BALB/c mice.

The intracellular bacterium Chlamydophila ("Chlamydia") pneumoniae is a pathogen for several respiratory diseases and may be a factor in the pathogenesis of chronic diseases of aging including atherosclerosis and Alzheimer's disease. We assessed whether aging is coupled with increased burden of infection in BALB/c mice after intranasal infection by C. pneumoniae.

Chlamydia pneumoniae induces Alzheimer-like amyloid plaques in brains of BALB/c mice.

Amyloid deposits resembling plaques found in Alzheimer's disease (AD) brains were formed in the brains of non-transgenic BALB/c mice following intranasal infection with Chlamydia pneumoniae. The mice were infected at 3 months of age with C. pneumoniae isolated from an AD brain.

Chlamydia pneumoniae infection alters the junctional complex proteins of human brain microvascular endothelial cells.

Chlamydia pneumoniae has been identified and associated with multiple sclerosis (MS) and Alzheimer's disease (AD) pathogenesis, although the relationship of this organism in these diseases remains controversial. We have hypothesized that one potential avenue of infection is through the junctional complexes between the blood-brain barrier (BBB) endothelia. C.