Effects of the Administration of the 6/85 Vaccine on Layer Chicken Embryo Hatchability and Early Posthatch Performance.

administration as a possible alternative method of 6/85 MG vaccination was assessed. After 18 days of incubation (doi), the eggs were administered a particular dosage of a live attenuated 6/85 MG vaccine in either the air cell (AC) or amnion (AM). The treatments included non-injected eggs and eggs injected into the AC or AM with diluent alone as controls.

Genomic diversity, pathogenicity and antimicrobial resistance of Escherichia coli isolated from poultry in the southern United States.

Escherichia coli (E. coli) are typically present as commensal bacteria in the gastro-intestinal tract of most animals including poultry species, but some avian pathogenic E. coli (APEC) strains can cause localized and even systematic infections in domestic poultry.

Effects of the In Ovo Vaccination of the ts-11 Strain of in Layer Embryos and Posthatch Chicks.

The transmission of the ts-11 strain of (MG) vaccine (ts-11MGV) between incubated eggs and between hatchlings that was administrated via in ovo injection, and its subsequent effects on their posthatch performance were evaluated. Marek's disease diluent alone (sham-injected) or containing either 3.63 × 10, 10, 10, or 10 cfu of ts-11MGV was manually in ovo-injected into the amnion on 18 days of incubation.

Fluorescent microspheres as a positive indicator in an intratracheal infection model.

Animal models testing the ability of vaccines and therapeutic agents to prevent pathology from induced respiratory infection are an important means of testing and validating the vaccines and therapeutic agents. However, the lack of induced pathology in test subjects could be either indicative of protection or a problem with the animal model system. This work describes the improvement of a chicken model system of intratracheal infection using fluorescent microspheres as a positive indicator of infection.

Complete Genome Sequences of Two Vaccine Strains and One Field Isolate of Mycoplasma gallisepticum.

infection of poultry can cause significant losses for poultry producers. Live attenuated vaccines mitigate the losses caused by infection, although the antigens that lead to immune protection have not been identified. Here, we report the sequencing of two vaccine strains and one field strain.

Complete Genome Sequences of Two Mycoplasma gallisepticum F-Strain Variants.

pathology in poultry is preventable by vaccination with live vaccines. Research has suggested possible differences in host response between F-strain-based vaccines. The genomes of the AviPro vaccine and F99 parent strains were sequenced for comparison with the already sequenced F-strain vaccine.

Transcriptomic analysis of early B-cell development in the chicken embryo.

The chicken bursa of Fabricius is a primary lymphoid tissue important for B-cell development. Our long-term goal is to understand the role of bursal microenvironment in an early B-cell differentiation event initiating repertoire development through immunoglobulin gene conversion in the chick embryo. We hypothesize that early bursal B-cell differentiation is guided by signals through cytokine receptors.

The netB-positive Clostridium perfringens in the experimental induction of necrotic enteritis with or without predisposing factors.

The netB-positive Clostridium perfringens has been considered as the requisite to consistently induce necrotic enteritis (NE). However, use of a netB-positive strain did not guarantee consistent NE reproduction unless high protein diets or Eimeria, conceived as 2 major predisposing factors, was incorporated. To establish a refined model, the roles of dietary fishmeal inclusion, Eimeria inoculation, and netB-positive C.

The impact of vaccination route on Mycoplasma gallisepticum vaccine efficacy.

Mycoplasma gallisepticum infection can lead to major financial losses for poultry producers. Control of M. gallisepticum infection in the layer industry is generally obtained through vaccination due to the nature of the multi-aged flocks in the facilities.

Effects of different vaccine combinations against Mycoplasma gallisepticum on blood characteristics in commercial layer chickens.

Mycoplasma gallisepticum (MG) is a major and economically significant pathogen of avian species. When administered before lay, F-strain MG (FMG) can reduce egg production during lay, but the ts-11 strain of MG (ts11MG) does not exert this effect. Two trials were conducted to determine the effects of pre-lay vaccinations of ts11MG, MG-Bacterin (MGBac), or their combination, in conjunction with an FMG challenge overlay after peak production on the blood characteristics of commercial layers.

Proteomics inference of genes involved in host adaptation of Mycoplasma gallinarum.

Different from most other host-specific mycoplasmas, Mycoplasma gallinarum has been isolated from various hosts, such as poultry, pig, cattle, and sheep. The wide distribution among different hosts, the low pathogenesis, and the weak host immunological responses suggest this mycoplasma has a unique host adaptation mechanism. In this study, we applied two-dimensional liquid chromatography electrospray ionization tandem mass spectrometry (2D LC-MS/MS) to characterize the protein profiling of M.

Identification and initial characterization of a putative Mycoplasma gallinarum leucine aminopeptidase gene.

Aminopeptidases (APN) may play a role in host colonization of M. gallinarum. Characterization of endogenous APN activity suggests that the leucine APN (LAP) of M.

Induction of a mycoplasma gallisepticum pMGA gene in the chicken tracheal ring organ culture model.

Genetic and molecular methods to investigate the pathogenesis of the poultry respiratory pathogen Mycoplasma gallisepticum are quite limited. Therefore, the objective of this study was to design and evaluate a functional genomics approach to identify M. gallisepticum genes involved in colonization of the poultry respiratory tract.