Predicting sample injection profiles in liquid chromatography: A modelling approach based on residence time distributions.

The pharmaceutical and bio-pharmaceutical industries rely on simulations of liquid chromatographic processes for method development and to reduce experimental cost. The use of incorrect injection profiles as inlet boundary condition for these simulations may, however, lead to inaccurate results. This study presents a novel modelling approach for accurate prediction of injection profiles for liquid chromatographic columns.

Clinical and patient-reported outcomes of bilateral implantation of a +2.5 diopter multifocal intraocular lens.

Purpose: To assess the effectiveness and safety of a multifocal intraocular lens (IOL) with +2.5 diopter (D) additional power compared with a monofocal IOL.

Setting: Fifteen sites in the United States.