Monitoring the Effect of Weed Encroachment on Cattle Behavior in Grazing Systems Using GPS Tracking Collars.

Weed encroachment on grasslands can negatively affect herbage allowance and animal behavior, impacting livestock production. We used low-cost GPS collars fitted to twenty-four Angus crossbred steers to evaluate the effects of different levels of weed encroachment on animal activities and spatial distribution. The experiment was established with a randomized complete block design, with three treatments and four blocks.

Minimally Invasive Surgery for Spinal Metastasis: A Review.

Objective: Minimally invasive surgery (MIS) techniques have advanced the treatment of metastatic diseases to the spine. The objective of this review is to describe clinical outcomes, benefits, and complications of these techniques.

Methods: All relevant clinical studies describing the role of MIS, computer-assisted navigation (CAN), robot-assisted (RA) procedures, and laser interstitial thermal therapy (LITT) in the treatment of metastatic spine diseases were identified from PubMed, MEDLINE, and relevant article bibliographies.

Perennial groundcovers: an emerging technology for soil conservation and the sustainable intensification of agriculture.

Integrating perennial groundcovers (PGC) - sometimes referred to as living mulches or perennial cover crops - into annual cash-crop systems could address root causes of bare-soil practices that lead to negative impacts on soil and water quality. Perennial groundcovers bring otherwise absent functional traits - namely perenniality - into cash-crop systems to preserve soil and regenerate water, carbon, and nutrient cycles. However, if not optimized, they can also cause competitive interactions and yield loss.

Iatrogenic Interval Gangrene of the Thigh.

Interval gangrene of the thigh is an extremely rare complication in vascular surgery. Most cases have reported interval gangrene of the calf as a consequence of a distal bypass procedure, with little documentation of interval thigh gangrene occurring after endovascular intervention. The present case suggests that in the process of placing multiple-level covered and bare metal stents in the iliac, superficial femoral, and popliteal arteries, interval gangrene of the thigh must be considered as a potential, albeit rare, complication.