Jaundice, hepatosplenomegaly, and portal lymphadenopathy in a middle-aged female: Is it lymphoma?

Primary biliary cholangitis is a rare liver disease which often progresses to cirrhosis. It can be difficult to diagnose as patients are often asymptomatic initially or merely complain of fatigue or pruritus. We describe the case of a 56-year-old female who presented with a 2-month history of painless jaundice and constitutional symptoms.

NLRP3-Dependent and -Independent Processing of Interleukin (IL)-1β in Active Ulcerative Colitis.

A contributing factor in the development of ulcerative colitis (UC) and Crohn's disease (CD) is the disruption of innate and adaptive signaling pathways due to aberrant cytokine production. The cytokine, interleukin (IL)-1β, is highly inflammatory and its production is tightly regulated through transcriptional control and both inflammasome-dependent and inflammasome- independent proteolytic cleavage. In this study, qRT-PCR, immunohistochemistry, immunofluorescence confocal microscopy were used to (1) assess the mRNA expression of and in paired biopsies from UC and CD patient, and (2) the colonic localization and spatial relationship of NLRP3 and IL-1β in active and quiescent disease.

The impact of wire caliber on ERCP outcomes: a multicenter randomized controlled trial of 0.025-inch and 0.035-inch guidewires.

Background And Aims: Wire-guided biliary cannulation has been demonstrated to improve cannulation rates and reduce post-ERCP pancreatitis (PEP), but the impact of wire caliber has not been studied. This study compares successful cannulation rates and ERCP adverse events by using a 0.025-inch and 0.

Right-sided adenoma detection with retroflexion versus forward-view colonoscopy.

Background: Colonoscopy and polypectomy can prevent up to 80% of colon cancer; however, a significant adenoma miss rate still exists, particularly in the right side of the colon.

Objective: To assess whether retroflexion in the right side of the colon significantly improves the adenoma detection rate (ADR) over forward-view assessment.

Design: Multicenter prospective cohort study.

Circumferential location predicts the risk of high-grade dysplasia and early adenocarcinoma in short-segment Barrett's esophagus.

Background: Whether early Barrett's neoplasia has a predilection for particular spatial locations in shorter segment disease is currently unknown. Anatomic factors may play a role in lesion location because of differing levels of mucosal acid exposure.

Objective: To identify high-risk lesion locations, which has important implications for surveillance strategies.

Giant laterally spreading tumors of the duodenum: endoscopic resection outcomes, limitations, and caveats.

Background: Giant hemicircumferential and greater nonampullary duodenal adenomas or laterally spreading tumors (LSTs) may be amenable to safe endoscopic resection, but little data exists on outcomes or risk stratification.

Design: We interrogated a prospectively maintained database of all patients who underwent endoscopic resection between January 2008 and November 2010. The resection technique was standardized.