Perspective: Transforming science into medicine: how clinician-scientists can build bridges across research's "valley of death".

Significant increases in National Institutes of Health (NIH) spending on medical research have not produced corresponding increases in new treatments and cures. Instead, laboratory discoveries remain in what has been termed the "valley of death," the gap between bench research and clinical application. Recently, there has been considerable discussion in the literature and scientific community about the causes of this phenomenon and how to bridge the abyss.

Postoperative mortality in cats after ureterolithotomy.

Objective: To identify preoperative risk factors associated with mortality before discharge in cats having a single or multiple ureterotomy procedures to treat a ureteral obstruction.

Study Design: Case series.

Animals: Cats (n=47).