Background: Human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) preexposure prophylaxis (PrEP) has great potential to reduce HIV incidence among young black men who have sex with men (YBMSM); however, initiation and persistence for this group remain low. We sought to understand the patterns and predictors of PrEP uptake and discontinuation among YBMSM in Atlanta, Georgia.
Methods: PrEP was offered to all participants in a prospective cohort of YBMSM aged 18-29 years not living with HIV.
Human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) preexposure prophylaxis (PrEP) has high biomedical efficacy; however, awareness, access, uptake, and persistence on therapy remain low among black men who have sex with men (BMSM), who are at highest risk of HIV in the United States. To date, discussions of "PrEP failure" have focused on one typology: rare, documented HIV acquisitions among PrEP users with adequate serum drug levels (ie, biomedical failure). In our cohort of HIV-negative young BMSM in Atlanta, Georgia, we continue to observe a high HIV incidence (6.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFJ Acquir Immune Defic Syndr
November 2017
Background: HIV incidence among US young, black men who have sex with men (YBMSM) is high, and structural barriers (eg lack of health insurance) may limit access to Pre-exposure prophylaxis (PrEP). Research studies conducted with YBMSM must ensure access to the best available HIV prevention methods, including PrEP.
Methods: We implemented an optional, nonincentivized PrEP program in addition to the standard HIV prevention services in a prospective, observational cohort of HIV-negative YBMSM in Atlanta, GA.
Piperacillin-tazobactam (PTZ) is frequently used as empirical and targeted therapy for Gram-negative sepsis. Time-dependent killing properties of PTZ support the use of extended-infusion (EI) dosing; however, studies have shown inconsistent benefits of EI PTZ treatment on clinical outcomes. We performed a retrospective cohort study of adult patients who received EI PTZ treatment and historical controls who received standard-infusion (SI) PTZ treatment for presumed sepsis syndromes.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFInfect Control Hosp Epidemiol
June 2014
Therapeutic efficacy of CpG oligodeoxynucleotide (ODN) ISS 1018 was tested in a murine B cell lymphoma model. Previous studies showed that the B lymphoma cells of SJL mice stimulate vigorous proliferation of host CD4(+) TH cells that is unaccompanied by development of tumor-specific CTL. In the presence of ISS 1018, however, tumor cells stimulated high levels of CTL activity in vitro, and this cytotoxic activity was inhibited when anti-IL-12 mAb was added to the cultures.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFAlthough T cells infiltrate many types of murine and human neoplasms, in many instances tumor-specific cytotoxicity is not observed. Strategies to stimulate CTL-mediated antitumor immunity have included in vitro stimulation and/or genetic engineering of T cells, followed by adoptive transfer into tumor-bearing hosts. In this model of B cell lymphoma in SJL/J mice, we used Tim-3(+) T-bet(+) Th1 cells to facilitate the development of tumor-specific CTL.
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