Aflatoxin M1 in milk and dairy products: The state of the evidence for child growth impairment.

Aflatoxin M1 (AFM1) is a metabolite of the more toxic aflatoxin B1 (AFB1) a mycotoxin produced by the fungi Aspergillus flavus and A. parasiticus; which contaminates maize, peanuts, tree nuts, and oilseeds, among other crops in warm regions of the world. When mammals consume AFB1 in these foods, they secrete AFM1 in milk.

Development, implementation, and evaluation of an advanced primary care pharmacist pilot training program as a strategy to enhance team-based primary care.

Canada's 50,000+ pharmacists play a crucial role in the comprehensive delivery of primary care. Recognizing this, a program in alignment with the Team Primary Care national initiative was developed to enhance their skills and knowledge in collaborative care, aiming to cultivate advanced primary care pharmacist leaders. The curriculum development involved aligning activities with pharmacist roles and competencies, emphasizing interprofessional teamwork.

Unintended food safety impacts of agricultural circular economies, with case studies in arsenic and mycotoxins.

For millennia, food systems worldwide have employed practices befitting a circular economy: recycling of agricultural and food waste or byproducts, environmentally sustainable production methods, and food preservation to reduce waste. Many modern-day agricultural practices may also contribute to a circular economy through the reuse of waste products and/or reducing agricultural inputs. There are, however, food safety impacts.

Biocompatible Cobalt Oxide Nanoparticles for X-ray Fluorescence Microscopy.

The synthesis of water-soluble nanoparticles is a well-developed field for ferrite-based nanoparticles with the majority consisting of iron oxide or mixed metal iron oxide nanoparticles. However, the synthesis of non-agglomerated non-ferrite metal/metal oxide NPs is not as well established. The synthesis and characterization of uniform 20 nm, biologically compatible cobalt oxide (CoO) nanoparticles (NPs) is described.

Reevaluating the Spatial Scale of Residential Segregation: Racial Change Within and Between Neighborhoods.

This study evaluates the extent to which metropolitan racial segregation occurs between neighborhoods-from tract to tract-and within neighborhoods-from block to block-and is framed theoretically by Putnam's (2007) "hunkering down" hypothesis. Analyses are based on complete-count block, tract, and metropolitan data from the last four U.S.

Rocky Mountain Spotted Fever Associated With Cardiac Arrhythmias.

Rickettsial infection, known as Rocky Mountain spotted fever, is a challenging diagnosis as early clinical manifestations are difficult to distinguish from viral illnesses. Symptoms at presentation depend on the organs involved, ranging from a skin rash as evidence of vascular damage to prerenal azotemia, respiratory failure, hepatic injury, or encephalitis. We report an unusual case of an otherwise healthy 83-year-old female whose serologies tested positive for , which led to cardiac dysrhythmia, i.

Pancreatic Dysfunction Masquerading as an Insulinoma.

Insulinoma is a rare neuroendocrine tumor that overproduces insulin, resulting in hypoglycemic symptoms. Elevated C-peptide levels in the absence of sulfonylurea use indicate insulinoma. Treatment is usually glucose administration and if the tumor size is large, surgery may be warranted.

Vision Deficit Due to Pituitary Apoplexy.

Pituitary apoplexy means "sudden death" of the pituitary gland, usually caused by hemorrhage or infarction and often occurring in a pre-existing pituitary adenoma. In many cases, pituitary apoplexy is a medical and surgical emergency. Fast, efficient diagnosis and treatment are important in many cases.

African League Against Rheumatism (AFLAR) preliminary recommendations on the management of rheumatic diseases during the COVID-19 pandemic.

Objectives: To develop recommendations for the management of rheumatic and musculoskeletal diseases (RMDs) during the COVID-19 pandemic.

Method: A task force comprising of 25 rheumatologists from the 5 regions of the continent was formed and operated through a hub-and-spoke model with a central working committee (CWC) and 4 subgroups. The subgroups championed separate scopes of the clinical questions and formulated preliminary statements of recommendations which were processed centrally in the CWC.

Salvageability of renal function following renal revascularisation in children with Takayasu's arteritis-induced renal artery stenosis.

Background: Renal artery revascularisation procedures are usually carried out on children with renal artery stenosis from varied causes, including Takayasu's arteritis. Reports on the outcome of such procedures in children usually refer to the improvement in blood pressure, with only minimal mention of effects on renal function.

Objective: Salvageability of renal function in children who underwent renal revascularisation for Takayasu's arteritis-induced renal artery stenosis (TARAS) was the focus of this study.

HIV-associated juvenile systemic sclerosis: a case report.

Introduction: Autoimmune connective tissue diseases occur in HIV-infected persons though with a lower frequency than in the general population. However, since the advent of highly active antiretroviral therapy (HAART), the spectrum of autoimmune diseases reported in HIV-infected patients has increased.

Objective: To describe the occurrence and management of systemic sclerosis in a HIV-infected child.