The Role of Risk Tolerance in a Patient's Decision to Undergo Total Knee and Hip Arthroplasty.

Background: A patient's decision-making process to undergo surgery is crucial for surgeons to understand for patient-counseling purposes. Total knee and hip arthroplasty, like any other major surgery, is associated with serious, sometimes life-threatening, complications. Using the results of discrete choice experiments (DCEs), we aimed to understand the relationship between a patient's risk tolerance and choosing to undergo surgery in real life.

Biochemical characterization of Fsa16295Glu from the first hyperthermophilic GH50 with β-1,3-endoglucanase activity and founding member of the subfamily GH50_3.

The aerobic hyperthermophile catabolizes diverse polysaccharides and is the only cultivated member of the class within the phylum . It encodes 117 putative glycoside hydrolases (GHs), including two from GH family 50 (GH50). In this study, we expressed, purified, and functionally characterized one of these GH50 enzymes, Fsa16295Glu.

Open Fixation After Preperitoneal Pelvic Packing Is Associated With a High Surgical Site Infection Rate.

Objectives: To evaluate the incidence of pelvic space surgical site infection (SSI) after preperitoneal pelvic packing (PPP) for persistent hemodynamic instability.

Design: Retrospective comparative study.

Setting: Urban Level 1 trauma center.

Percutaneous pelvic fixation model: an affordable and realistic simulator for pelvic trauma training.

Purpose: To describe the construction and use of a percutaneous pelvic fixation model, evaluate its translational validity among fellowship-trained orthopedic trauma surgeons, and investigate the importance of specific criteria for effective competency-based assessment of pelvic fixation techniques.

Methods: Five orthopedic trauma surgeons were asked to place percutaneous wires on a pelvic fixation model, including anterior column (antegrade/retrograde), posterior column (antegrade/retrograde), supra-acetabular, transsacral, and iliosacral. Evaluation criteria included successful wire placement, redirections, cortical breaches, procedure duration, radiation exposure, and quality of fluoroscopic views.

Nonoperative management of minimally displaced lateral compression type 1 (LC1) injuries with comminuted rami fractures is associated with late displacement.

Purpose: Rami comminution has been found to be predictive of lateral compression type 1 (LC1) injury instability on examination under anesthesia (EUA) and lateral stress radiographs (LSR). The purpose of this study was to evaluate how rami comminution and subsequent operative vs. nonoperative management impact the late displacement of these injuries.

Early Outcomes of Operative Versus Nonoperative Management of Stress-Positive Minimally Displaced Lateral Compression Type 1 Pelvic Ring Injuries.

Objectives: To compare the early outcomes of patients with stress-positive minimally displaced lateral compression type 1 (LC1b) pelvic ring injuries managed with or without operative fixation.

Design: Retrospective comparison study.

Setting: Level 1 trauma center.

Acute Fixation Protocol for High-Energy Tibial Pilon Fractures Decreases Time to Fixation and Lowers Operative Costs Without Affecting Wound Complications and Reoperations.

Objectives: To determine whether an acute fixation protocol for high-energy tibial pilon fractures increases the rate of wound complications.

Design: Retrospective comparative study.

Setting: Urban level 1 trauma center.

Acontia, a Specialised Defensive Structure, Has Low Venom Complexity in .

Phylum Cnidaria represents a unique group among venomous taxa, with its delivery system organised as individual organelles, known as nematocysts, heterogeneously distributed across morphological structures rather than packaged as a specialised organ. Acontia are packed with large nematocysts that are expelled from sea anemones during aggressive encounters with predatory species and are found in a limited number of species in the superfamily Metridioidea. Little is known about this specialised structure other than the commonly accepted hypothesis of its role in defence and a rudimentary understanding of its toxin content and activity.

Geriatric Patients Presenting With Isolated Pubic Rami Fractures and Inability to Mobilize May Have Occult Lateral Compression Pelvic Ring Injuries With Dynamic Instability.

Objectives: To determine the incidence of patients with isolated pubic rami fractures on computed tomography scans who have dynamic instability secondary to occult lateral compression pelvic ring injuries.

Design: Retrospective comparison study.

Setting: Urban level 1 trauma center.

Operative Management of Stress-Positive Minimally Displaced Lateral Compression Type 1 (LC1) Pelvic Ring Injuries: Analysis of Outcomes Before and After Implementation of a Departmental Stress Protocol.

Objectives: To compare the hospital course of patients with minimally displaced (<1 cm) lateral compression type 1 injuries treated before and after implementation of lateral stress radiographs (LSRs) to determine management.

Design: Retrospective comparative cohort.

Setting: Urban level 1 trauma center.

Combined Anterior-Posterior versus Posterior-Only Fixation of Stress-Positive Minimally Displaced Lateral Compression Type 1 (LC1) Pelvic Ring Injuries.

Objectives: To compare hospital outcomes and late displacement between stress-positive minimally displaced lateral compression type 1 (LC1) pelvic ring injuries treated with combined anterior-posterior versus posterior-only fixation.

Design: Retrospective comparative cohort.

Setting: Urban level-one trauma center.

Concurrent Hardware Removal is Associated With Increased Odds of Infection Following Conversion Total Knee Arthroplasty.

Background: The optimal timing of removal of periarticular implants prior to conversion total knee arthroplasty (TKA) remains to be determined. The purpose of this study was to compare infection rates in conversion TKA when hardware removal was performed in either a staged or concurrent manner.

Methods: We performed a retrospective study using a national insurance claims database of patients who underwent removal of hardware on the same day or within 1 year before their TKA.

Expression of membrane Hsp90 is a molecular signature of T cell activation.

Heat shock protein 90 (Hsp90) maintains cellular proteostasis during stress and has been under investigation as a therapeutic target in cancer for over two decades. We and others have identified a membrane expressed form of Hsp90 (mHsp90) that previously appeared to be restricted to rapidly proliferating cells exhibiting a metastatic phenotype. Here, we used HS-131, a fluor-tethered mHsp90 inhibitor, to quantify the effect of T cell activation on the expression of mHsp90 in human and mouse T cells.

Deep learning multi-organ segmentation for whole mouse cryo-images including a comparison of 2D and 3D deep networks.

Cryo-imaging provided 3D whole-mouse microscopic color anatomy and fluorescence images that enables biotechnology applications (e.g., stem cells and metastatic cancer).

The effect of pelvic ring rotation and tilt on the radiographic teardrop distance: an important consideration in the assessment of dynamic displacement on stress radiographs.

Purpose: The purpose of this study was to determine the effect of rotation and tilt on the radiographic teardrop distance (TD) on anteroposterior (AP) pelvis radiographs.

Methods: Radiographic examination of a pelvis models was conducted utilizing increasing degrees of beam rotation and tilt on portable C-arm fluoroscopy. The TD, x-plane rotation (symphyseal-mid-sacrum distance (SMS)), and y-plane tilt (sacroiliac joint-symphysis distance (SIS)) were measured by four independent observers.

Concussions Increase the Odds of Lower-Extremity Injuries in National Football League Players: Four-Year Review of Publicly Available Data.

Objective: To investigate the effect of multiple concussions on the risk of lower-extremity injuries in National Football League (NFL) players.

Methods: All active NFL players from September 2016 to January 2017 through September 2019 to January 2020 regular seasons were eligible for inclusion. All players who sustained multiple concussions during the study period were identified using publicly available data and included in the multiple concussion (MC) cohort.

Magnetic resonance molecular imaging of extradomain B fibronectin enables detection of pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma metastasis.

Extradomain-B Fibronectin (EDB-FN) is an oncomarker that can be visualized with magnetic resonance molecular imaging (MRMI) to detect pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC) metastasis. In this study, we sought to assess the expression of EDB-FN in clinical samples of PDAC and to evaluate MRMI of PDAC metastasis with an EDB-FN-specific gadolinium-based contrast agent (MT218) in an orthotopic KPC-GFP-Luc mouse model. EDB-FN expression was evaluated in PDAC tissue samples through immunohistochemistry.

Nonoperative Management of Minimally Displaced Lateral Compression Type 1 Pelvic Ring Injuries With and Without Occult Instability.

Objectives: To determine the association of pelvic fracture displacement on lateral stress radiographs (LSRs) with the hospital course of patients with minimally displaced lateral compression type 1 (LC1) pelvic injuries.

Design: Retrospective review.

Setting: Level 1 trauma center.

Impact of Level of Evidence on Citation of Orthopaedic Articles.

Introduction: Level of evidence grading has become widely used in orthopaedics. This study reviewed clinical research articles published in leading orthopaedic journals to describe the association between level of evidence and number of future citations, which is one measure of an article's impact in the field.

Methods: The first 100 clinical research articles published in 2014 by each of the Journal of Bone and Joint Surgery, Clinical Orthopaedics and Related Research, and the American Journal of Sports Medicine were reviewed for level of evidence and article characteristics.

Efficacy and Safety of Mechanical IVC Filtration for Preventing Pulmonary Embolism in High-Risk Orthopedic Patients Undergoing Total Hip or Knee Arthroplasty.

Background: To determine the efficacy and safety of inferior vena cava (IVC) filters in preventing pulmonary embolism (PE) in high-risk patients undergoing hip or knee arthroplasty.

Methods: 2857 hip or knee arthroplasty procedures between January 2013 and December 2018 were retrospectively reviewed. Patients with a preoperative history of venous thromboembolism (VTE), either PE or deep venous thrombosis (DVT), were categorized as high-risk patients.

Iterative energy self-calibration of Fe XANES spectra. Erratum.

A correction is made to the paper by Jones et al. (2020). [J.

Suture Tape-Reinforced Human Dermal Allograft Used for Superior Capsule Reconstruction Demonstrates Improved Ability to Withstand Elongation.

Purpose: To investigate the potential for a suture tape-reinforcement technique to prevent elongation with repetitive use of a human dermal (HD) allograft traditionally used for superior capsule reconstruction in a biomechanical model.

Methods: Using 8 scapulae and humeri Sawbones models, the standard superior capsule reconstruction was performed using 8 HD allografts. Four grafts were tested in the native state, whereas 4 were tested using reinforcement.

Substrate stabilisation and small structures in coral restoration: State of knowledge, and considerations for management and implementation.

Coral reef ecosystems are under increasing pressure from local and regional stressors and a changing climate. Current management focuses on reducing stressors to allow for natural recovery, but in many areas where coral reefs are damaged, natural recovery can be restricted, delayed or interrupted because of unstable, unconsolidated coral fragments, or rubble. Rubble fields are a natural component of coral reefs, but repeated or high-magnitude disturbances can prevent natural cementation and consolidation processes, so that coral recruits fail to survive.