Bleeding disorders: characterization, dental considerations and management.

Hemostasis is a finely balanced process in which an insult to a blood vessel wall, either by injury or surgical intervention, stimulates a pair of parallel, yet associated, pathways that lead to the termination of blood loss. The coagulation cascade is initiated by the interaction between exposed subendothelial tissue factor and circulating blood and includes a series of amplification steps that result in thrombin generation. Concurrently, exposed subendothelial collagen stimulates platelets, which, in the presence of thrombin, are consolidated by fibrin to form a blood clot, thus terminating blood loss.

Continuous infusion of porcine factor VIII in the management of patients with factor VIII inhibitors.

The effectiveness of continuous infusion porcine factor VIII (PFVIII) has been evaluated in the treatment of 7 consecutive patients with factor VIII(FVIII) inhibitors. Two patients had hemophilia A and five were nonhemophiliacs with acquired FVIII inhibitors. The median pretreatment anti-porcine FVIII titre was 0.

In-vitro stability of porcine factor VIII (Hyate:C(®) ).

The stability of porcine factor VIII (Hyate:C(®) ) 30 units mL(-1) , 15 units mL(-1) and 5 units mL(-1) prepared aseptically in 0.9% sodium chloride injection was studied. Solutions were stored in plastic syringes at room temperature and ambient light, and at body temperature protected from light.

1-Desamino-8-D-arginine vasopressin (desmopressin) decreases operative blood loss in patients having Harrington rod spinal fusion surgery. A randomized, double-blinded, controlled trial.

To evaluate the effect of 1-desamino-8-D-arginine vasopressin (desmopressin) on blood loss in surgery, we conducted a randomized, double-blind trial of the drug in 35 patients with normal hemostatic function who were having spinal fusion with Harrington rod instrumentation. Seventeen patients were designated to receive 10 micrograms/m2 of desmopressin, and 18, to receive a placebo. Preoperative testing showed that desmopressin increased factor VIII coagulant activity, von Willebrand antigen concentrations, glass bead platelet retention, and prothrombin consumption and decreased the partial thromboplastin and bleeding times (p less than or equal to 0.