[Underexposed consequences of assisted death on psychiatric grounds for mental health care].

Background: Medical Assistance in Dying (MAID) on psychiatric grounds is a subject of increasing relevance to Dutch mental health care. In addition to different advantages, there are disadvantages.

Aim: To highlight some consequences of MAID on psychiatric grounds and to offer solutions to mitigate these.

Do Poor Diet and Lifestyle Behaviors Modify the Genetic Susceptibility to Impulsivity in the General Population?

The present study investigated whether an unhealthy diet and other lifestyle behaviors may modify the genetic susceptibility to impulsivity. A total of 33,047 participants (mean age = 42.1 years, 59.

Lifelong versus not lifelong death wishes in older adults without severe illness: a cross-sectional survey.

Background: Some older adults with a persistent death wish without being severely ill report having had a death wish their whole lives (lifelong persistent death wish; L-PDW). Differentiating them from older adults without severe illness who developed a death wish later in life (persistent death wish, not lifelong; NL-PDW) can be relevant for the provision of adequate help and support. This study aims to gain insight into the characteristics, experiences, and needs of older adults with a L-PDW versus older adults with a NL-PDW and into the nature of their death wishes.

Socioeconomic differences in major depressive disorder onset among adults are partially explained by lifestyle factors: A longitudinal analysis of the Lifelines Cohort Study.

Background: Major depressive disorder (MDD) onset varies by socioeconomic position (SEP), this could be explained by lifestyle factors, but little is known about this pathway. Our study aims to disentangle the interplay between SEP measures (i.e.

The gut microbiome as mediator between diet and its impact on immune function.

Dietary habits may affect inflammatory status in humans. Here we explore this interaction as well as the potential mediating role of the gut microbiome (GM), given that the GM is both involved in processing of dietary components and influences the immune system. A cross-sectional analysis of a sample of 482 healthy participants (207 males and 275 females) was performed.

Association of sweetened carbonated beverage consumption during pregnancy and ADHD symptoms in the offspring: a study from the Norwegian Mother, Father and Child Cohort Study (MoBa).

Purpose: Intrauterine exposures influence offspring health and development. Here we investigated maternal intake of sweetened carbonated beverages (SCB) during pregnancy and its association with ADHD symptoms in the offspring.

Methods: This study was based on the Norwegian Mother, Father and Child Cohort Study (MoBa) and the Medical Birth Registry of Norway.

Cortical and Subcortical Brain Volumes Partially Mediate the Association between Dietary Composition and Behavioral Disinhibition: A UK Biobank Study.

Behavioral disinhibition is observed to be an important characteristic of many neurodevelopmental and psychiatric disorders. Recent studies have linked dietary quality to levels of behavioral inhibition. However, it is currently unclear whether brain factors might mediate this.

Diet, Physical Activity, and Disinhibition in Middle-Aged and Older Adults: A UK Biobank Study.

Disinhibition is a prominent feature of multiple psychiatric disorders, and has been associated with poor long-term somatic outcomes. Modifiable lifestyle factors including diet and moderate-to-vigorous physical activity (MVPA) may be associated with disinhibition, but their contributions have not previously been quantified among middle-aged/older adults. Here, among N = 157,354 UK Biobank participants aged 40-69, we extracted a single disinhibition principal component and four dietary components (prudent diet, elimination of wheat/dairy/eggs, meat consumption, full-cream dairy consumption).

Investigating whether a combination of higher CRP and depression is differentially associated with worse executive functioning in a cohort of 43,896 adults.

Many depressed individuals experience difficulties in executive functioning that contribute substantially to functional impairment. It is unknown whether a subtype of depression characterized by chronic inflammation is differentially associated with worse executive functioning. This study examined whether the combination of depression and higher C reactive protein (CRP) is differentially associated with worse executive functioning and whether this association is stronger in older adults.

Analysis of structural brain asymmetries in attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder in 39 datasets.

Objective: Some studies have suggested alterations of structural brain asymmetry in attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD), but findings have been contradictory and based on small samples. Here, we performed the largest ever analysis of brain left-right asymmetry in ADHD, using 39 datasets of the ENIGMA consortium.

Methods: We analyzed asymmetry of subcortical and cerebral cortical structures in up to 1,933 people with ADHD and 1,829 unaffected controls.

Diet quality, stress and common mental health problems: A cohort study of 121,008 adults.

Background & Aims: Overall diet quality may partially mediate the detrimental effects of stress and neuroticism on common mental health problems: stressed and/or neurotic individuals may be more prone to unhealthy dietary habits, which in turn may contribute to depression and anxiety. Lifestyle interventions for depressed, anxious or at-risk individuals hinge on this idea, but evidence to support such pathway is missing. Here, we aim to prospectively evaluate the role of overall diet quality in common pathways to developing depression and anxiety.

Trajectories of depression symptom change during and following treatment in adolescents with unipolar major depression.

Objective: To classify a cohort of depressed adolescents recruited to the UK IMPACT trial, according to trajectories of symptom change. We examined for predictors and compared the data-driven categories of patients with a priori operational definitions of treatment response.

Method: Secondary data analysis using growth mixture modelling (GMM).

Brain Imaging of the Cortex in ADHD: A Coordinated Analysis of Large-Scale Clinical and Population-Based Samples.

Objective: Neuroimaging studies show structural alterations of various brain regions in children and adults with attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD), although nonreplications are frequent. The authors sought to identify cortical characteristics related to ADHD using large-scale studies.

Methods: Cortical thickness and surface area (based on the Desikan-Killiany atlas) were compared between case subjects with ADHD (N=2,246) and control subjects (N=1,934) for children, adolescents, and adults separately in ENIGMA-ADHD, a consortium of 36 centers.

Overweight in family members of probands with ADHD.

The widely reported association between ADHD and overweight may be attributable to genetic and environmental factors also present in unaffected family members. Therefore, the purpose of this study was to examine the association between ADHD and overweight within families. A cohort was used of families with at least one member with ADHD, recruited as part of the Dutch node of the International Multicenter ADHD Genetics (IMAGE) study, with assessments taking place between 2003 and 2006, 2009 and 2012, and 2013 and 2015.

Stimulant treatment profiles predicting co-occurring substance use disorders in individuals with attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder.

Adolescents with attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) are at increased risk of developing substance use disorders (SUDs) and nicotine dependence (ND). It remains unclear whether and how stimulant treatment may affect this risk. We aimed to investigate how stimulant use profiles influence the risk of SUDs and ND, using a novel data-driven community detection analysis to construct different stimulant use profiles.

The Course of Neurocognitive Functioning and Prediction of Behavioral Outcome of ADHD Affected and Unaffected Siblings.

Longitudinal studies on the course of neurocognitive functioning of children with ADHD and their unaffected siblings are scarce. Also, it is unclear to what extent that course is related to ADHD outcomes. A carefully phenotyped large sample of 838 Caucasian participants (ADHD-combined type: n = 339, unaffected siblings: n = 271, controls: n = 228; mean age at baseline = 11.

Long-term effects of stimulant treatment on ADHD symptoms, social-emotional functioning, and cognition.

Background: Methodological and ethical constraints have hampered studies into long-term lasting outcomes of stimulant treatment in individuals with attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD). Lasting effects may be beneficial (i.e.

Assessment of Symptom Network Density as a Prognostic Marker of Treatment Response in Adolescent Depression.

This cohort study uses the 33-item Mood and Feelings Questionnaire to examine whether symptom network density is associated with treatment response in adolescent depression.

Stimulant Treatment Trajectories Are Associated With Neural Reward Processing in Attention-Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder.

Objective: The past decades have seen a surge in stimulant prescriptions for the treatment of attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD). Stimulants acutely alleviate symptoms and cognitive deficits associated with ADHD by modulating striatal dopamine neurotransmission and induce therapeutic changes in brain activation patterns. Long-term functional changes after treatment are unknown, as long-term studies are scarce and have focused on brain structure.

Healthy cortical development through adolescence and early adulthood.

Adolescence is a period of significant brain changes; however, the effects of age and sex on cortical development are yet to be fully characterized. Here, we utilized innovative intrinsic curvature (IC) analysis, along with the traditional cortical measures [cortical thickness (CT), local gyrification index (LGI), and surface area (SA)], to investigate how these indices (1) relate to each other and (2) depend on age and sex in adolescent cortical development. T1-weighted magnetic resonance images from 218 healthy volunteers (age range 8.