The Usefulness of Thyroid Antibodies in the Diagnostic Approach to Autoimmune Thyroid Disease.

Autoimmune thyroid disease (AITD) refers to a spectrum of various diseases, with two extremes of clinical presentation, hypothyroidism (Hashimoto's thyroiditis (HT) and hyperthyroidism (Graves-Basedow disease (GBD)). Both conditions are characterized by presenting a cellular and humoral autoimmune reaction, with an increase in the synthesis and secretion of antibodies directed toward various thyroid antigens, together with a phenomenon of thyrocyte necrosis and apoptosis (in HT) and a persistent thyrotropin-receptor stimulation (in GBD). The diagnosis of both entities is based on clinical, laboratory, and imaging findings.

Relationship of Subclinical Hypothyroidism on Epicardial Adipose Tissue: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis.

Accumulation of epicardial adipose tissue (EAT) and Subclinical hypothyroidism (SH) are associated with increased cardio-metabolic risk. The objective of this study was to quantitatively compare EAT thickening between patients with SH and healthy controls. Therefore, after searching the PubMed/MEDLINE, Embase, Science Direct, Scopus, Google Scholar, and Cochrane databases; we analyzed a group of observational studies who compare the EAT changes between SH vs control groups.

Optimal levothyroxine dose to achieve euthyroidism in patients with primary hypothyroidism: analysis according to etiology.

Introduction: Levothyroxine (LT4) has been considered the standard of care for treatment of hypothyroidism. Current recommendations suggest a LT4 dose between 1.6-1.

The influence of age and body weight on levothyroxine replacement dosage to achieve euthyroidism in patients with primary hypothyroidism.

Introduction: Although, it is generally held that the levothyroxine (LT4) dose tends to decrease with age, this theory remains controversial. Our objective was to assess whether the LT4 dose required to achieve euthyroid status varies according to age, body weight (BW), sex, menopausal status, or antibody status.

Materials And Methods: A cross-sectional study was performed from the retrospective review of the charts of patients with a previous diagnosis of primary hypothyroidism in treatment with LT4 and in a euthyroid state.

The influence of age and body weight on levothyroxine replacement dosage to achieve euthyroidism in patients with primary hypothyroidism.

Introduction: Although, it is generally held that the levothyroxine (LT4) dose tends to decrease with age, this theory remains controversial. Our objective was to assess whether the LT4 dose required to achieve euthyroid status varies according to age, body weight (BW), sex, menopausal status, or antibody status.

Materials And Methods: A cross-sectional study was performed from the retrospective review of the charts of patients with a previous diagnosis of primary hypothyroidism in treatment with LT4 and in a euthyroid state.

Radioiodine thyroid remnant ablation after recombinant human thyrotropin or thyroid hormone withdrawal in patients with high-risk differentiated thyroid cancer.

To supplement limited relevant literature, we retrospectively compared ablation and disease outcomes in high-risk differentiated thyroid carcinoma (DTC) patients undergoing radioiodine thyroid remnant ablation aided by recombinant human thyrotropin (rhTSH) versus thyroid hormone withdrawal/withholding (THW). Our cohort was 45 consecutive antithyroglobulin antibody- (TgAb-) negative, T3-T4/N0-N1-Nx/M0 adults ablated with high activities at three referral centers. Ablation success comprised negative (<1 μg/L) stimulated serum thyroglobulin (Tg) and TgAb, with absent or <0.

Melatonin concentration before and during testosterone replacement in primary hypogonadic men.

Objective: To study circadian levels of melatonin in primary hypogonadic adult men before and after testosterone treatment.

Design And Methods: Circadian serum melatonin profiles were studied in six men with primary hypogonadism before and during testosterone substitution and compared with an age-matched control group (n = 6).

Results: Hypogonadal patients had higher plasma melatonin concentrations than the control group during day time (34.

[Inadequate TSH secretion. Clinical features, diagnostic criteria, and therapeutic possibilities].

Inadequate secretion of TSH (IST) is a disorder which is diagnosed more frequently and earlier after the introduction of new immunoassay techniques which can distinguish between normal and suppressed TSH levels. For diagnosis high or unsuppressed TSH in required in the presence of elevated levels of the thyroid hormones. Its etiology may be tumor (TSH secreting pituitary adenoma) or non tumoral due to pituitary or generalized resistance to the thyroid hormones.

Dopaminergic resistance in a case of invasive macroprolactinoma.

Invasive prolactinoma is a relatively infrequent variety of macroprolactinoma characterized by a fast and aggressive growth, with infiltration to adjacent structures, and whose management is frequently difficult. We present the case of a fatal invasive macroprolactinoma in whom resistance to different dopaminergic drugs developed.

Outcome and long-term effects of pregnancy in women with hyperprolactinaemia.

Twenty-four women with high circulating prolactin became pregnant on 39 occasions, of which 32 ended in delivery. Sixteen patients showed radiological evidence of pituitary tumour, 6 exhibited a normal CT and 2 had an empty sella. The pregnancies were induced in 4 patients after successful pituitary surgery, in 3 after surgery and medical treatment, and in the rest by bromocriptine (16) long-acting repeatable bromocriptine (1) and methergoline (1).