Photobiomodulation increases mitochondrial citrate synthase activity in rats submitted to aerobic training.

This study investigated the effects of photobiomodulation by low-laser laser therapy (LLLT) on the activities of citrate synthase (CS) and lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) and the anaerobic threshold (AT) in rats submitted to treadmill exercise. Fifty-four rats were allocated into four groups: rest control (RCG), rest laser (RLG), exercise control (ECG), and exercise laser (ELG). The infrared LLLT was applied daily on the quadriceps, gluteus maximum, soleus, and tibialis anterior muscles.

Increased lactate threshold after five weeks of treadmill aerobic training in rats.

The aim of the present study was to analyse the lactate threshold (LT) changes in rats submitted to an aerobic treadmill-training programme. Twenty-five Wistar rats were divided into two groups: a sedentary control group (CG), and a trained group (TG) submitted to an aerobic training during 5 weeks. All the animals were submitted to an incremental treadmill exercise test in order to determine LT.

Correlates of mental health among Latino farmworkers in North Carolina.

Purpose: Latino farmworkers are a vulnerable population who confront multiple threats to their mental health. Informed by the stress-process model of psychiatric disorder, the goal of this paper is to determine primary and context-specific stressors of poor mental health among Latino farmworkers.

Methods: Structured interview data were obtained from farmworkers (N = 69) in 6 counties in eastern and western North Carolina.

Feminist music therapy pedagogy: a survey of music therapy educators.

This study surveyed 188 music therapy educators regarding their views and use of feminist pedagogy and feminist music therapy. The purpose of this study was two-fold: (a) to determine how many music therapy educators used feminist pedagogy and (b) to determine if there was a relationship between the use of feminist pedagogy and academic rank of the participants. Seventy-two participants responded to this study, with 69 participants included for data analysis.

NADP-dependent isocitrate dehydrogenase of Astyanax scabripinnis (Pisces, Characidae) from three altitudes at Grande Stream, Campos do Jordão, SP.

Electrokinetic, thermic, and kinetic properties of products of NADP-dependent isocitrate dehydrogenase (IDHP; EC 1.1.1.

Isoform expression in the multiple soluble malate dehydrogenase of Hoplias malabaricus (Erythrinidae, Characiformes).

Kinetic properties and thermal stabilities of Hoplias malabaricus liver and skeletal muscle unfractionated malate dehydrogenase (MDH, EC 1.1.1.

Astyanax scabripinnis (Pisces: Characidae) hemoglobins: structure and function.

Electrophoretic patterns of hemoglobins, Root effect, Bohr effect in blood and stripped hemoglobin, Hb-O2 affinity GTP modulation of Astyanax scabripinnis (lambari), caught at three different altitudes in Ribeirão Grande, near Campos do Jordão (São Paulo), are described. All populations showed the same electrophoretic patterns: two cathodal components in starch gel. Normal Bohr effect values were found in these three populations both in blood (phi = -0.

Adaptative features of enzymes from family sciaenidae--II. Studies on phosphoglucose isomerase (PGI) of fishes from the south coast of Uruguay.

1. The electrokinetic and thermostability properties of phosphoglucose isomerase (PGI) in three species of temperate fishes (Perciformes, Acanthopterygii)--Cynoscion striatus, Macrodon ancylodon and Micropogonias furnieri--have been analyzed in order to study the adaptative 2. Unlike most diploid fishes the PGI of these species seemed to be encoded by three PGI loci.

Adaptative features of enzymes from family sciaenidae (Perciformes)--I. Studies on soluble malate dehydrogenase (s-MDH) and creatinine kinase (CK) of fishes from the south coast of Uruguay.

1. Electrophoretic analysis of the soluble malate dehydrogenase (s-MDH) and creatine kinase (CK) isozyme patterns of three species of temperate fishes (Scianidae, Perciformes) indicates at least two loci for s-MDH, Mdh-A and Mdh-B, and four CK, Ck-A, Ck-B, Ck-C and Ck-D. 2.

Adaptative features of enzymes from family Sciaenidae--III. Studies on lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) of fishes from the south coast of Uruguay.

1. Electrophoretic analyses of lactate dehydrogenase isozyme patterns of three species of temperate fish belonging to family Sciaenidae (order Perciformes) indicates that at least three LDH loci--Ldh-A, Ldh-B and Ldh-C are active. 2.

Hemoglobin, hematology, intraerythrocytic phosphates and whole blood Bohr effect from lotic and lentic Hypostomus regani populations (São Paulo-Brasil).

Hemoglobin electrophoretic pattern, whole blood Bohr effect, intraerythrocytic phosphates and some hematological parameters were determined and compared between lotic and lentic Hypostomus regani specimens. The electrophoretic patterns of specimens from both kinds of environments showed four anodic fractions. The relative concentration of the fraction I (the most anodal) is significantly different between specimens from lotic and lentic ambients.

Biological aspects of amazonian fishes I. Red blood cell phosphates of schooling fishes (genus Semaprochilodus: Prochilodontidae).

Red blood cell soluble phosphates from Semaprochilodus taeniurus, S. insignis and a possible hybrid jaraqui-açu, from Amazon basin, were studied by column chromatography. The Semaprochilodus school and the jaraqui-açu shows an intermediate percentage of total phosphorus content as GTP but not as ATP.

Adaptative features of ectothermic enzymes--IV. Studies on malate dehydrogenase of Astyanax fasciatus (Characidae) from Lobo Reservoir (Såo Carlos, Såo Paulo, Brasil).

1. Skeletal muscle and heart supernatant malate dehydrogenase (s-MDH) from a subtropical fish, Astyanax fasciatus consists of three electrophoretically anodal bands. Each band is a dimer (AA, AB and BB) and two loci are active.

Adaptative features of ectothermic enzymes. III--Studies on phosphoglucose isomerase (PGI) from five species of tropical fishes of the superorder Ostariophysi.

1. The electrokinetic and thermostability properties of phosphoglucose isomerase (PGI) in five species of tropical fish (Ostariophysi)-Leporinus friderici, L. silverstrii, Schizodon nasuttus, Hypostomus sp and Pimelodus maculatus--have been studied in order to study the adaptative nature of protein heterogeneity found in ectotherms.

Adaptative features of ectothermic enzymes--II. The effects of acclimation temperature on the malate dehydrogenase of the spot. Leiostomus xanthurus.

1. Isozyme patterns and thermostability of the skeletal muscle and heart malate dehydrogenase (s-MDH) from the spot acclimated to different temperatures were examined. 2.

Adaptative features of ectothermic enzymes--I. Temperature effects on the malate dehydrogenase from a temperate fish Leiostomus xanthurus.

1. Following electrophoresis the s-MDH activity of Leiostomus xanthurus and many other species of fish and amphibian appears in three sharp, equally-spaced, anodal bands. Each band is a dimer (AA, AB and BB) and two loci are active.