Physical climate risk: Stock price reactions to the historically most extreme European and United States heat waves since 1979.

Climate change has heightened the need to understand physical climate risks, such as the increasing frequency and severity of heat waves, for informed financial decision-making. This study investigates the financial implications of extreme heat waves on stock returns in Europe and the United States. Accordingly, the study combines meteorological and stock market data by integrating methodologies from both climate science and finance.

Evaluating ChatGPT, Gemini and other Large Language Models (LLMs) in orthopaedic diagnostics: A prospective clinical study.

Background: Large Language Models (LLMs) such as ChatGPT are gaining attention for their potential applications in healthcare. This study aimed to evaluate the diagnostic sensitivity of various LLMs in detecting hip or knee osteoarthritis (OA) using only patient-reported data collected via a structured questionnaire, without prior medical consultation.

Methods: A prospective observational study was conducted at an orthopaedic outpatient clinic specialized in hip and knee OA treatment.

Characterizing of dropouts in the mental health of refugees and asylum seekers (MEHIRA) study examining the effects of a stepped and collaborative care model - a multicentered rater-blinded randomized controlled trial.

Background: Dropout from healthcare interventions can negatively affect patients and healthcare providers through impaired trust in the healthcare system and ineffective use of resources. Research on this topic is still largely missing on refugees and asylum seekers. The current study aimed to characterize predictors for dropout in the Mental Health in Refugees and Asylum Seekers (MEHIRA) study, one of the largest multicentered controlled trials investigating the effectiveness and cost-effectiveness of a nationwide stepped and collaborative care model.

Exploring the influence of parametrized pulsatility on left ventricular washout under LVAD support: a computational study using reduced-order models.

Introducing pulsatility in LVADs is known to reduce complications such as stagnation and thrombosis, but it is an ongoing topic of research on what the optimal form is. We present a framework consisting of parametrized full-order simulations, reduced-order models, and sensitivity analysis to systematically quantify the effects of parametrized pulsatility on washout. As a sample problem, we study the washout in an idealized 2D left ventricle and a parametrized sinusoidal LVAD flow rate.

Contrastive Learning Approach for Assessment of Phonological Precision in Patients with Tongue Cancer Using MRI Data.

Magnetic Resonance Imaging (MRI) allows analyzing speech production by capturing high-resolution images of the dynamic processes in the vocal tract. In clinical applications, combining MRI with synchronized speech recordings leads to improved patient outcomes, especially if a phonological-based approach is used for assessment. However, when audio signals are unavailable, the recognition accuracy of sounds is decreased when using only MRI data.

[Environmental sustainability in intensive care medicine].

Intensive care medicine is an area with a particularly high consumption of resources. This review presents important new findings relating to the environmental sustainability of intensive care medicine. For example, the drugs used in intensive care medicine can end up in the environment and cause relevant ecotoxicity.

Heterogeneity-driven phenotypic plasticity and treatment response in branched-organoid models of pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma.

In patients with pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC), intratumoural and intertumoural heterogeneity increases chemoresistance and mortality rates. However, such morphological and phenotypic diversities are not typically captured by organoid models of PDAC. Here we show that branched organoids embedded in collagen gels can recapitulate the phenotypic landscape seen in murine and human PDAC, that the pronounced molecular and morphological intratumoural and intertumoural heterogeneity of organoids is governed by defined transcriptional programmes (notably, epithelial-to-mesenchymal plasticity), and that different organoid phenotypes represent distinct tumour-cell states with unique biological features in vivo.

An MDS Patient with Deletion 20q and a t(9;22)(q34;q11.2): A Case Report and Review of the Literature.

We report a 76-year-old male patient with myelodysplastic syndrome (MDS) with a t(9;22) and deletion 20q only by FISH. Past medical history is significant for prostate cancer status post radiation therapy and a 28-pack-year smoking history. In 2016, the patient developed a DVT and incidentally was found to have a BCR::ABL1 (p210) by PCR analysis (level of 0.

Prevention and Treatment of Cancer-Related Infections, Version 3.2024, NCCN Clinical Practice Guidelines in Oncology.

There is an increased risk of infection in patients with cancer that results in higher morbidity and mortality. Several risk factors can predispose these patients to infectious complications. Some such factors include immunocompromised states like neutropenia, allogeneic hematopoietic cell transplantation, and graft-versus-host disease, while others include immunosuppressive agents like corticosteroids, purine analogs, monoclonal antibodies, and other emerging cancer therapeutics like CAR T-cell therapy.

Predictors of symptom change in the mental health of refugees and asylum seekers (MEHIRA) study examining the effects of a stepped and collaborative care model - A multicentered rater-blinded randomized controlled trial.

Background: Predictors of symptom improvement are an essential starting point for tailoring psychological treatments to each individual and, in turn, increasing treatment efficacy overall. However, such research regarding refugees/asylum seekers from Arabic-/Farsi-speaking countries is lacking. The current study aimed to characterize predictors for symptom improvement in the Mental Health in Refugees and Asylum Seekers (MEHIRA) study, one of the most extensive multicentered controlled trials on a nationwide stepped and collaborative care model compared to routine German mental health care.

Nuclear receptor corepressor 1 controls regulatory T cell subset differentiation and effector function.

FOXP3 regulatory T cells (Treg cells) are key for immune homeostasis. Here, we reveal that nuclear receptor corepressor 1 (NCOR1) controls naïve and effector Treg cell states. Upon NCOR1 deletion in T cells, effector Treg cell frequencies were elevated in mice and in in vitro-generated human Treg cells.

Demonstration of 1 V Reliable FeRAM Operation: Engineering Using Quasi-Chirality of HfZrO in a Nanolaminate Structure.

Hafnia thin films are known to demonstrate excellent performance with strong ferroelectricity and high scalability, making them promising candidates for CMOS-compatible materials. However, the reliability of ferroelectric devices must be further improved. This study developed a HfZrO ferroelectric capacitor with a nanolaminate structure that operated at remarkably low voltages, demonstrating excellent retention (>10 years/85 °C) and endurance (>10 cycles).

Addressing challenges in speaker anonymization to maintain utility while ensuring privacy of pathological speech.

Background: Integration of speech into healthcare has intensified privacy concerns due to its potential as a non-invasive biomarker containing individual biometric information. In response, speaker anonymization aims to conceal personally identifiable information while retaining crucial linguistic content. However, the application of anonymization techniques to pathological speech, a critical area where privacy is especially vital, has not been extensively examined.

The nuclear GYF protein CD2BP2/U5-52K is required for T cell homeostasis.

The question whether interference with the ubiquitous splicing machinery can lead to cell-type specific perturbation of cellular function is addressed here by T cell specific ablation of the general U5 snRNP assembly factor CD2BP2/U5-52K. This protein defines the family of nuclear GYF domain containing proteins that are ubiquitously expressed in eukaryotes with essential functions ascribed to early embryogenesis and organ function. Abrogating CD2BP2/U5-52K in T cells, allows us to delineate the consequences of splicing machinery interferences for T cell development and function.

New insights into the functions of ACBD4/5-like proteins using a combined phylogenetic and experimental approach across model organisms.

Acyl-CoA binding domain-containing proteins (ACBDs) perform diverse but often uncharacterised functions linked to cellular lipid metabolism. Human ACBD4 and ACBD5 are closely related peroxisomal membrane proteins, involved in tethering of peroxisomes to the ER and capturing fatty acids for peroxisomal β-oxidation. ACBD5 deficiency causes neurological abnormalities including ataxia and white matter disease.

Extracellular proteases from microbial plant pathogens as virulence factors.

Plant pathogens deploy specialized proteins to aid disease progression, some of these proteins function in the apoplast and constitute proteases. Extracellular virulence proteases have been described to play roles in plant cell wall manipulation and immune evasion. In this review, we discuss the evidence for the hypothesized virulence functions of bacterial, fungal, and oomycete extracellular proteases.

Simultaneous closure of a perilymphatic fistula and placement of cochlear implant in a case of complex inner ear malformation.

Key Clinical Message: In young infants, under the age of one-year, cochlear malformation with profound hearing loss complicated by a perilymphatic fistula (PLF), presents a serious clinical challenge, warranting immediate audiological and surgical intervention. Timely PLF detection and closure, along with an early CI can significantly improve the prognosis of such patients and helps them in achieving their maximum hearing and developmental potential, in the long term.

Abstract: Inner ear malformation (IEM) with incomplete partition and cystic cochlea is mostly accompanied by profound hearing loss.

A Coproduced Family Reporting Intervention to Improve Safety Surveillance and Reduce Disparities.

Objectives: Examine family safety-reporting after implementing a parent-nurse-physician-leader coproduced, health literacy-informed, family safety-reporting intervention for hospitalized families of children with medical complexity.

Methods: We implemented an English and Spanish mobile family-safety-reporting tool, staff and family education, and process for sharing comments with unit leaders on a dedicated inpatient complex care service at a pediatric hospital. Families shared safety concerns via predischarge surveys (baseline and intervention) and mobile tool (intervention).

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Autism in Systemic Group Psychotherapy: "Strong Together" a Care Model for Children and Adolescents from Practice Awareness of people with autism in our society is constantly increasing. Nevertheless, ambiguities and caution in dealing with autistic clients are still tangible. Due to the growing demand, there is a shortage of care for clients on the autism spectrum.