PEPR DIADEM: Priority equipment and research program on the development of innovative materials using artificial intelligence.

The quest to develop efficient, sustainable materials from non-critical, non-toxic resources is one of today's most formidable challenges in the current context of energy, transport, digital or healthcare transitions. In response, France launched the pioneering Priority Equipment and Research Program (PEPR) DIADEM in 2022. This innovative initiative, focused on DIscovery Acceleration for the Deployment of Emerging Materials (DIADEM), leverages Artificial Intelligence (AI) to accelerate the innovation chain from conception to realization, revolutionizing Materials Science sustainably.

Oxidation Performance of Nano-Layered (AlTiZrHfTa)N/SiN Coatings Deposited by Reactive Magnetron Sputtering.

This work uses the direct current magnetron sputtering (DCMS) of equi-atomic (AlTiZrHfTa) and Si targets in dynamic sweep mode to deposit nano-layered (AlTiZrHfTa)N/SiN refractory high-entropy coatings (RHECs). Transmission electron microscopy (TEM), field emission scanning electron microscopy (FESEM), thermogravimetric analysis (TGA), X-ray diffraction (XRD), and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS) are used to investigate the effect of Si addition on the oxidation behavior of the nano-layered coatings. The Si-free nitride coating exhibits FCC structure and columnar morphology, while the Si-doped nitride coatings present a FCC (AlTiZrHfTa)N/amorphous-SiN nano-layered architecture.

Prednisolone Versus Colchicine for Acute Gout in Primary Care: statistical analysis plan for the pragmatic, multicenter, randomized, and double-blinded COPAGO non-inferiority trial.

Background: To date, colchicine and prednisolone are two effective therapies for the treatment of acute gout but have never been compared directly in a randomized clinical trial. In addition, in previous trials of treating acute gout patients with concomitant comorbidities were often excluded due to contraindications to naproxen.

Study Design: This pragmatic, prospective, double-blind, double-dummy, parallel-group, randomized, non-inferiority trial compares prednisolone with colchicine in terms of non-inferiority in patients with acute gout.

Dipeptide-catalysed Michael reaction under physiological conditions: Examination of potential bioorthogonality.

Reactions for drug synthesis under cell-like conditions or even inside living cells can potentially be used e.g., to minimize toxic side effects, to maximize bioactive compound efficacy and/or to address drug delivery problems.

Successful microvascular surgery in patients with thrombophilia in head and neck surgery: a case series.

Background: In this case series, a perioperative anticoagulation protocol for microvascular head and neck surgery in patients with thrombophilia is presented. Microvascular free-flap surgery is a standard procedure in head and neck surgery with high success rates. Nevertheless, flap loss-which is most often caused by thrombosis-can occur and has far-reaching consequences, such as functional impairment, prolonged hospitalization, and increased costs.

Value of hemophagocytosis in the diagnosis of hemophagocytic lymphohistiocytosis in critically ill patients.

Background: Ferritin is an established biomarker in the diagnosis of secondary hemophagocytic lymphohistiocytosis (HLH), which is diagnosed by the HLH-2004 criteria. Among these criteria, detection of hemophagocytosis through invasive procedures may delay early life saving treatment. Our aim was to investigate the value of hemophagocytosis in diagnosing HLH in critically ill patients.

Influence of ATLG serum levels on CD3/CD19-depleted hematopoietic grafts and on immune recovery in pediatric haplo-HSCT.

Anti-T lymphocyte globulin (ATLG) significantly reduces the risk of engraftment failure in allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplant (HSCT) but hampers posttransplant immune reconstitution. We hypothesized that in patients receiving haploidentical CD3/CD19-depleted grafts, these double-edged effects could be better balanced by attaining high ATLG serum concentrations before transplant but as low as possible on the day of transplant. Therefore, we moved the start of ATLG application to day -12 and determined serum concentrations of T-cell-specific ATLG in pediatric patients treated with 3 established dosing regimens (15, 30, or 60 mg/kg).

Functional and Radiologic Outcomes of Degenerative Versus Traumatic Full-Thickness Rotator Cuff Tears Involving the Supraspinatus Tendon.

Background: Arthroscopic rotator cuff repair (ARCR) is among the most commonly performed orthopaedic procedures. Several factors-including age, sex, and tear severity-have been identified as predictors for outcome after repair. The influence of the tear etiology on functional and structural outcome remains controversial.

Attitudes of psychiatrists towards people with mental illness: a cross-sectional, multicentre study of stigma in 32 European countries.

Background: Mental health-related stigma occurs among the public and professionals alike. The lived experience of mental illness has been linked to less stigmatising attitudes. However, data on psychiatrists and the relationship between stigmatising attitudes and psychotherapeutic activity or case discussion groups remains scarce.

Beyond Total Mesorectal Excision (TME)-Results of MRI-Guided Multivisceral Resections in T4 Rectal Carcinoma and Local Recurrence.

Rectal cancer invading adjacent organs (T4) and locally recurrent rectal cancer (LRRC) pose a special challenge for surgical resection. We investigate the diagnostic performance of MRI and the results that can be achieved with MRI-guided surgery. All consecutive patients who underwent MRI-based multivisceral resection for T4 rectal adenocarcinoma or LRRC between 2005 and 2019 were included.

Prednisolone Versus Colchicine for Acute Gout in Primary Care (COPAGO): protocol for a two-arm multicentre, pragmatic, prospective, randomized, double-blind, controlled clinical trial of prednisolone and colchicine for non-inferiority with a parallel group design.

Background: Gout is the most common form of rheumatic disease in which monosodium urate crystals are deposited in the joints followed by acute inflammatory reactions. There are various approved drugs that can be prescribed for pain relief during an acute gout attack. However, to date, no direct comparison of efficacy of colchicine and prednisolone for the treatment of acute gout attacks has been investigated.

Prospective evaluation of functional outcomes in 395 patients with an ileal neobladder 1 year after radical cystectomy.

Purpose: This study aims to report on functional outcomes in a large cohort of patients who underwent inpatient rehabilitation (IR) in a highly specialized, high-volume German urologic rehabilitation center after radical cystectomy (RC) and creation of an ileal neobladder (INB).

Methods: Data for 842 patients, who underwent three weeks of IR after RC and urinary diversion between April 2018 and December 2019 were prospectively collected. INB patients were surveyed on continence and sexual function.

Psychometric properties of the Opening Minds Stigma Scale for Health Care Providers in 32 European countries - A bifactor ESEM representation.

Aims: To measure the stigma of healthcare providers toward people suffering from mental illness, the Opening Minds Stigma Scale for Health Care Providers (OMS-HC) is a commonly applied instrument. However, this scale has not been thoroughly validated in many European countries, its psychometric properties are still unknown and data on practicing psychiatrists is lacking. Therefore, this multicenter study aimed to assess the psychometric characteristics of the 15-item OMS-HC in trainees and specialists in adult and child psychiatry in 32 countries across Europe.

How should patient decision aids for schizophrenia treatment be designed? - A scoping review.

Despite the clear rationale for applying shared decision-making in the context of the preference sensitive decision for or against antipsychotics and the upswing of patient decision aids (pDAs) to support this process, there is still a lack of knowledge regarding which key features are crucial for pDAs in schizophrenia treatment. A scoping review according to the PRISMA-SRc was conducted to inform on crucial key features and quality indicators. The review focussed on the following seven aspects for investigating pDAs: (1) Types of decision aids, (2) Values, (3) Decision Guidance, (4) Output of the decision aid, (5) Target group, (6) Effectiveness according to publication and (7) Decision aid evaluation.

Informing the development of a decision aid: Expectations and wishes from service users and psychiatrists towards a decision aid for antipsychotics in the inpatient setting.

Objectives: Decision aids (DAs) are promising tools to foster evidence-based shared decision-making between practitioners and service users. Nevertheless, it is still obscure how an evidence-based DA for people with severe mental illness, especially psychosis, should look in an inpatient treatment setting to be useful and feasible. Therefore, we conducted focus groups with psychiatrists and service users to collect and assess their expectations and wishes regarding an evidence-based DA.

Anti-GD2 Antibody Dinutuximab Beta and Low-Dose Interleukin 2 After Haploidentical Stem-Cell Transplantation in Patients With Relapsed Neuroblastoma: A Multicenter, Phase I/II Trial.

Purpose: Patients with relapsed high-risk neuroblastoma (rHR-NB) have a poor prognosis. We hypothesized that graft-versus-neuroblastoma effects could be elicited by transplantation of haploidentical stem cells (haplo-SCT) exploiting cytotoxic functions of natural killer cells and their activation by the anti-GD2 antibody dinutuximab beta (DB). This phase I/II trial assessed safety, feasibility, and outcomes of immunotherapy with DB plus subcutaneous interleukin-2 (scIL2) after haplo-SCT in patients with rHR-NB.

Coping with Moral Dilemmas in German Criminal Law Theory and Justice: Classical Cases and Modern Variants.

Dilemma scenarios have always been among the most common problems of moral philosophy and criminal law theory. One only has to contemplate the Plank of Carneades, the classic thought experiment whereby two shipwrecked people's only hope of rescue is a floating board that can only be occupied by one person. Other scenarios are Welzel's switchman case and the well-known Trolley Problem.

Automated production of specific T cells for treatment of refractory viral infections after allogeneic stem cell transplantation.

Therapy-resistant viral reactivations contribute significantly to mortality after hematopoietic stem cell transplantation. Adoptive cellular therapy with virus-specific T cells (VST) has shown efficacy in various single-center trials. However, the scalability of this therapy is hampered by laborious production methods.

Differential Diagnosis of Hyperferritinemia in Critically Ill Patients.

Background: Elevated serum ferritin is a common condition in critically ill patients. It is well known that hyperferritinemia constitutes a good biomarker for hemophagocytic lymphohistiocytosis (HLH) in critically ill patients. However, further differential diagnoses of hyperferritinemia in adult critically ill patients remain poorly investigated.

Evidence-based Shared-Decision-Making Assistant (SDM-assistant) for choosing antipsychotics: protocol of a cluster-randomized trial in hospitalized patients with schizophrenia.

Background: Choosing an antipsychotic medication is an important medical decision in the treatment of schizophrenia. This decision requires risk-benefit assessments of antipsychotics, and thus, shared-decision making between physician and patients is strongly encouraged. Although the efficacy and side-effect profiles of antipsychotics are well-established, there is no clear framework for the communication of the evidence between physicians and patients.

Sharp Sobolev Inequalities via Projection Averages.

A family of sharp Sobolev inequalities is established by averaging the length of -dimensional projections of the gradient of a function. Moreover, it is shown that each of these new inequalities directly implies the classical  Sobolev inequality of Aubin and Talenti and that the strongest member of this family is the only affine invariant one among them-the affine  Sobolev inequality of Lutwak, Yang, and Zhang. When , the entire family of new Sobolev inequalities is extended to functions of bounded variation to also allow for a complete classification of all extremal functions in this case.

Clinical Decision-Making During Psychiatric Ward Rounds.

For psychiatric in-patients, ward rounds are a prominent occasion for decision making. As previous findings on shared decision-making (SDM) patterns mostly derive from out-patients and one-to-one-consultations, it was our aim to investigate SDM during psychiatric ward rounds. We conducted a cross-sectional study and included = 62 in-patients from seven different psychiatric wards.

Expression of Surface-associated 82 kDa proMMP-9 in Lymphatic Leukemia Blast Cells Differentially Correlates With Prognosis.

Background/aim: Matrix metalloproteinases (MMPs) degrade extracellular matrix and process regulatory proteins. Recently, a membrane-bound 82kDa variant of proMMP-9 identified on myeloid blasts was shown to be associated with prognosis.

Patients And Methods: To investigate the role of 82kDa proMMP-9 with acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL) and chronic lymphoid leukemia (CLL), we performed flow-cytometry analysis of expression on ALL blasts (n=18) and CLL lymphocytes (n=21) from blood and correlated data with clinical parameters.