From Platelets to Preschoolers: The Pioneering Journey of Dr. Valentin Fuster in Cardiology and Global Health Education.

Dr. Valentin Fuster's career, blending pioneering research with global health education, has profoundly influenced cardiology and public health. From his early life in Barcelona's medical community to groundbreaking contributions at major institutions like Mount Sinai and Harvard, Dr.

Altered functional connectivity and spatiotemporal dynamics in individuals with sleep disorders.

Idiopathic hypersomnia (IH) is a sleep disorder characterized by highly disruptive symptoms. Like narcolepsy type 1, a well-characterized sleep disorder, individuals with IH suffer from excessive daytime sleepiness, though there is little overlap in metabolic or neural biomarkers across these two disorders. This lack of common pathophysiology, combined with the clear overlap in symptoms presents an ideal paradigm for better understanding the impact of IH on an individual's functional activity and organization, and potentially, the underlying pathophysiology.

Variation in the distribution of large-scale spatiotemporal patterns of activity across brain states.

A few large-scale spatiotemporal patterns of brain activity (quasiperiodic patterns or QPPs) account for most of the spatial structure observed in resting state functional magnetic resonance imaging (rs-fMRI). The QPPs capture well-known features such as the evolution of the global signal and the alternating dominance of the default mode and task positive networks. These widespread patterns of activity have plausible ties to neuromodulatory input that mediates changes in nonlocalized processes, including arousal and attention.

Soluble Neuropilin-1 Is Elevated in Sepsis and Correlates with Organ Dysfunction and Long-Term Mortality in Critical Illness.

Critical illness and sepsis may cause organ failure and are recognized as mortality drivers in hospitalized patients. Neuropilin-1 (NRP-1) is a multifaceted transmembrane protein involved in the primary immune response and is expressed in immune cells such as T and dendritic cells. The soluble form of NRP-1 (sNRP-1) acts as an antagonist to NRP-1 by scavenging its ligands.

Variation in the Distribution of Large-scale Spatiotemporal Patterns of Activity Across Brain States.

A few large-scale spatiotemporal patterns of brain activity (quasiperiodic patterns or QPPs) account for most of the spatial structure observed in resting state functional magnetic resonance imaging (rs-fMRI). The QPPs capture well-known features such as the evolution of the global signal and the alternating dominance of the default mode and task positive networks. These widespread patterns of activity have plausible ties to neuromodulatory input that mediates changes in nonlocalized processes, including arousal and attention.

Infraslow dynamic patterns in human cortical networks track a spectrum of external to internal attention.

Early efforts to understand the human cerebral cortex focused on localization of function, assigning functional roles to specific brain regions. More recent evidence depicts the cortex as a dynamic system, organized into flexible networks with patterns of spatiotemporal activity corresponding to attentional demands. In functional MRI (fMRI), dynamic analysis of such spatiotemporal patterns is highly promising for providing non-invasive biomarkers of neurodegenerative diseases and neural disorders.

Ex situ conservation of two rare oak species using microsatellite and SNP markers.

Plant collections held by botanic gardens and arboreta are key components of ex situ conservation. Maintaining genetic diversity in such collections allows them to be used as resources for supplementing wild populations. However, most recommended minimum sample sizes for sufficient ex situ genetic diversity are based on microsatellite markers, and it remains unknown whether these sample sizes remain valid in light of more recently developed next-generation sequencing (NGS) approaches.

Time-varying functional connectivity predicts fluctuations in sustained attention in a serial tapping task.

The mechanisms for how large-scale brain networks contribute to sustained attention are unknown. Attention fluctuates from moment to moment, and this continuous change is consistent with dynamic changes in functional connectivity between brain networks involved in the internal and external allocation of attention. In this study, we investigated how brain network activity varied across different levels of attentional focus (i.

Alone yet accountable, the unseen buffers: A qualitative study of nurses' experiences working in home care during the COVID-19 pandemic.

Background: Norwegian society's resilience during the COVID-19 pandemic resulted in low mortality rates and moderate economic decline. The accessible primary healthcare system played a vital role in this, especially in the care of elderly and chronically ill patients. However, nurses in home care experienced emotional burdens, ethical dilemmas and limited access to protective equipment.

The interaction between random and systematic visual stimulation and infraslow quasiperiodic spatiotemporal patterns of whole brain activity.

One prominent feature of the infraslow BOLD signal during rest or task is quasi-periodic spatiotemporal pattern (QPP) of signal changes that involves an alternation of activity in key functional networks and propagation of activity across brain areas, and that is known to tie to the infraslow neural activity involved in attention and arousal fluctuations. This ongoing whole-brain pattern of activity might potentially modify the response to incoming stimuli or be modified itself by the induced neural activity. To investigate this, we presented checkerboard sequences flashing at 6Hz to subjects.

Combining MRI and Spectral EEG for Assessment of Neurocognitive Outcomes in Preterm Infants.

Introduction: Predicting impairment in preterm children is challenging. Our aim is to explore the association between MRI at term-equivalent age (TEA) and neurocognitive outcomes in late childhood and to assess whether the addition of EEG improves prognostication.

Methods: This prospective observational study included forty infants with gestational age 24 + 0-30 + 6.

WITHDRAWN: The interaction between random and systematic visual stimulation and infraslow quasiperiodic spatiotemporal patterns of whole brain activity.

This article has been withdrawn at the request of the author(s) and/or editor. The Publisher apologizes for any inconvenience this may cause. The full Elsevier Policy on Article Withdrawal can be found at http://www.

Beyond mind wandering: Performance variability and neural activity during off-task thought and other attention lapses.

To study the characteristics of attention lapses, a metronome response task and experience sampling were employed while recording fMRI data. Thought prompts queried several attention states (on-task, task-related interference, off-task, inattention). Off-task thoughts were probed on whether they arose in a spontaneous or constrained (i.

Retrospective investigation of the 3D effects of the Carriere Motion 3D appliance using model and cephalometric superimposition.

Objectives: Carriere Motion 3D™ appliance (CMA) represents a method for molar distalization and correction of class II malocclusion. The aim was to investigate the 3D effects of the CMA by superimposing digital models and cephalometric X-rays.

Materials And Methods: We retrospectively examined 16 patients treated with CMA in combination with class II elastics.

Convergent mosaic brain evolution is associated with the evolution of novel electrosensory systems in teleost fishes.

Brain region size generally scales allometrically with brain size, but mosaic shifts in brain region size independent of brain size have been found in several lineages and may be related to the evolution of behavioral novelty. African weakly electric fishes (Mormyroidea) evolved a mosaically enlarged cerebellum and hindbrain, yet the relationship to their behaviorally novel electrosensory system remains unclear. We addressed this by studying South American weakly electric fishes (Gymnotiformes) and weakly electric catfishes ( spp.

Measuring task structure with transitional response times: Task representations are more than task sets.

The structure of task representations is widely studied with task-switching procedures in which the experimenter compares performance across predetermined categories of trial transitions (viz., switch costs). This approach has been productive, but relies on experimental assumptions about the relationships among stimulus-response mappings that define a set.

The 2021 European Alliance of Associations for Rheumatology/American College of Rheumatology Points to Consider for Diagnosis and Management of Autoinflammatory Type I Interferonopathies: CANDLE/PRAAS, SAVI, and AGS.

Objective: Autoinflammatory type I interferonopathies, chronic atypical neutrophilic dermatosis with lipodystrophy and elevated temperature/proteasome-associated autoinflammatory syndrome (CANDLE/PRAAS), stimulator of interferon genes (STING)-associated vasculopathy with onset in infancy (SAVI), and Aicardi-Goutières syndrome (AGS) are rare and clinically complex immunodysregulatory diseases. With emerging knowledge of genetic causes and targeted treatments, a Task Force was charged with the development of "points to consider" to improve diagnosis, treatment, and long-term monitoring of patients with these rare diseases.

Methods: Members of a Task Force consisting of rheumatologists, neurologists, an immunologist, geneticists, patient advocates, and an allied health care professional formulated research questions for a systematic literature review.

Dissociating the Neural Correlates of Planning and Executing Tasks with Nested Task Sets.

Task processing (e.g., the preparation and execution of responses) and task representation (e.

The 2021 European Alliance of Associations for Rheumatology/American College of Rheumatology points to consider for diagnosis and management of autoinflammatory type I interferonopathies: CANDLE/PRAAS, SAVI and AGS.

Objective: Autoinflammatory type I interferonopathies, chronic atypical neutrophilic dermatosis with lipodystrophy and elevated temperature/proteasome-associated autoinflammatory syndrome (CANDLE/PRAAS), stimulator of interferon genes (STING)-associated vasculopathy with onset in infancy (SAVI) and Aicardi-Goutières syndrome (AGS) are rare and clinically complex immunodysregulatory diseases. With emerging knowledge of genetic causes and targeted treatments, a Task Force was charged with the development of 'points to consider' to improve diagnosis, treatment and long-term monitoring of patients with these rare diseases.

Methods: Members of a Task Force consisting of rheumatologists, neurologists, an immunologist, geneticists, patient advocates and an allied healthcare professional formulated research questions for a systematic literature review.

Early spectral EEG in preterm infants correlates with neurocognitive outcomes in late childhood.

Background: Evidence regarding the predictive value of early amplitude-integrated electroencephalography (aEEG)/EEG on neurodevelopmental outcomes at school age and beyond is lacking. We  aimed to investigate whether there is an association between early postnatal EEG and neurocognitive outcomes in late childhood.

Methods: This study is an observational prospective cohort study of premature infants with a gestational age <28 weeks.

Development and Validation of a Machine Learning Model Predicting Arteriovenous Fistula Failure in a Large Network of Dialysis Clinics.

Vascular access surveillance of dialysis patients is a challenging task for clinicians. We derived and validated an arteriovenous fistula failure model (AVF-FM) based on machine learning. The AVF-FM is an XG-Boost algorithm aimed at predicting AVF failure within three months among in-centre dialysis patients.

Efficient methods for acute stress detection using heart rate variability data from Ambient Assisted Living sensors.

Background: Using Ambient Assisted Living sensors to detect acute stress could help people mitigate the harmful effects of everyday stressful situations. This would help both the healthy and those affected more by sudden stressors, e.g.

The Subjective Experience of Living with Parkinson's Disease: A Meta-Ethnography of Qualitative Literature.

Background: A better understanding of the subjective experience of living with Parkinson's disease (PD) and the factors that influence this experience can be used to improve wellbeing of people with PD (PwP).

Objective: To gain more insight in the subjective experience of PD from the PwP's perspective, and the factors that contribute to this experience.

Methods: In this qualitative review, we performed a systematic search of qualitative studies discussing the subjective experience of PD and extracted reported themes (first order themes).

Road Map to Safe and Well-Designed De-escalation Trials of Systemic Adjuvant Therapy for Solid Tumors.

An important challenge in the field of cancer is finding the balance between delivering effective treatments and avoiding adverse effects and financial toxicity caused by innovative, yet expensive, drugs. To address this, several treatment de-escalation trials have been conducted, but only a few of these have provided clear answers. A few trials had poor accrual or had design flaws that led to conflicting results.