Publications by authors named "Schulz D"

Diverse eukaryotic cells assemble microtubule networks that vary in structure and composition. While we understand how cells build microtubule networks with specialized functions, we do not know how microtubule networks diversify across deep evolutionary timescales. This problem has remained unresolved because most organisms use shared pools of tubulins for multiple networks, making it difficult to trace the evolution of any single network.

View Article and Find Full Text PDF

Background: Due to genetic depletion in nature, gene banks play a critical role in the long-term conservation of plant genetic resources and the provision of a wide range of plant genetic diversity for research and breeding programs. Genetic information on accessions facilitates gene bank management and can help to conserve limited resources and to identify taxonomic misclassifications or mislabelling. Here, we developed SNP markers for genotyping 4,187 mostly polyploid rose accessions from large rose collections, including the German Genebank for Roses.

View Article and Find Full Text PDF

Relationships among membrane currents allow central pattern generator (CPG) neurons to reliably drive motor programs. We hypothesize that continually active CPG neurons utilize activity-dependent feedback to correlate expression of ion channel genes to balance essential membrane currents. However, episodically activated neurons experience absences of activity-dependent feedback and, thus, presumably employ other strategies to coregulate the balance of ionic currents necessary to generate appropriate output after periods of quiescence.

View Article and Find Full Text PDF

Objective: Specialist genitourinary (GU) nurses provide care to a broad and diverse group of patients diagnosed with kidney, bladder, prostate, testicular, adrenal, and penile cancer. The purpose of this study was to identify GU cancer nurse perspectives of perceived unmet needs in service provision, specific educational and research priorities.

Methods: A concurrent mixed methods study design incorporated quantitative and qualitative data collection from the GU Cancer nurses workforce in Australia.

View Article and Find Full Text PDF

Lateral-shaking inducing neuro-degenerative agent virus (LindaV) is a novel member of the highly diverse genus Pestivirus within the family Flaviviridae. LindaV was first detected in Austria in 2015 and was associated with congenital tremor in piglets. Since then, the virus or specific antibodies have been found in a few further pig farms in Austria.

View Article and Find Full Text PDF

Futuristic universities like The Neurotech and the technological innovations they provide will shape and serve society, but will also require support from society. Positive attitudes about neuro-technologies will increase their reach within society and may also impact policy-making, including funding decisions. However, the acceptability rates, especially of invasive neuro-technologies, are quite low and the majority of people are more worried than enthusiastic about them.

View Article and Find Full Text PDF

Silver-based grating structures offer means for implementing low-cost, efficient grating couplers for use in surface plasmon resonance (SPR) sensors. One-dimensional grating structures with a fixed periodicity are confined to operate effectively within a single planar orientation. However, two-dimensional grating structures as well as grating structures with variable periodicity allow for the plasmon excitation angle to be seamlessly adjusted.

View Article and Find Full Text PDF

Background: Type I and type II diabetes mellitus (DM) patients have a higher prevalence of cardiovascular diseases, as well as a higher mortality risk of cardiovascular diseases and interventions. This study provides an update on the impact of DM on clinical outcomes, including mortality, complications and reinterventions, using data on percutaneous and surgical cardiac interventions in the Netherlands.

Methods: This is a retrospective, nearby nationwide study using real-world observational data registered by the Netherlands Heart Registration (NHR) between 2015 and 2020.

View Article and Find Full Text PDF

Head and neck squamous cell carcinoma (HNSCC) is a global cancer burden with a 5-year overall survival rate of around 50%, stagnant for decades. A tumour-induced immunosuppressive microenvironment contributes to HNSCC progression, with the adenosine (ADO) pathway and an upregulated expression of inhibitory immune checkpoint regulators playing a key role in this context. The correlation between high neutrophil-to-lymphocyte ratio (NLR) with advanced tumour staging suggests involvement of neutrophils (NØ) in cancer progression.

View Article and Find Full Text PDF

Atherosclerosis is a chronic disease of the vascular wall driven by lipid accumulation and inflammation in the intimal layer of arteries, and its main complications, myocardial infarction and stroke, are the leading cause of mortality worldwide [1], [2]. Recent studies have identified Triggering receptor expressed on myeloid cells 2 (TREM2), a lipid-sensing receptor regulating myeloid cell functions [3], to be highly expressed in macrophage foam cells in experimental and human atherosclerosis [4]. However, the role of TREM2 in atherosclerosis is not fully known.

View Article and Find Full Text PDF
Article Synopsis
  • This text discusses the variability in reported outcomes and measurements from clinical trials on acetabular fractures, highlighting the need for standardization to improve treatment knowledge and patient care.
  • The systematic review aims to identify and categorize the outcomes from studies on surgically treated acetabular fractures to develop a core set of relevant outcome measures for future research.
  • It acknowledges the challenges of including a wide range of study definitions and notes that only previously reported outcomes can be detected, potentially missing new relevant outcomes.
View Article and Find Full Text PDF

The evolving technologies regarding Unmanned Aerial Vehicles (UAVs) have led to their extended applicability in diverse domains, including surveillance, commerce, military, and smart electric grid monitoring. Modern UAV avionics enable precise aircraft operations through autonomous navigation, obstacle identification, and collision prevention. The structures of avionics are generally complex, and thorough hierarchies and intricate connections exist in between.

View Article and Find Full Text PDF
Article Synopsis
  • tRNA modifications are super important for making sure proteins are built correctly, and if they're not working right, it can be deadly for some bacteria and change yeast behavior.
  • Researchers found that two types of fungal pathogens, one very harmful and one less so, act differently because of a specific tRNA-modifying enzyme called Hma1.
  • This enzyme helps the harmful fungus grow and infect human cells better, which means understanding it could help scientists find new ways to treat fungal infections that are becoming more common.
View Article and Find Full Text PDF

Inhibitory control develops rapidly and nonlinearly, making its accurate assessment challenging. This research investigated the developmental dynamics of accuracy and response latency in inhibitory control assessment of 3- to 6-year-old children in a longitudinal study (N = 431; 212 girls; M = 4.86 years, SD = 0.

View Article and Find Full Text PDF
Article Synopsis
  • This study assessed how an AI clinical decision support system affected the diagnostic performance and confidence of endoscopists evaluating Barrett's esophagus (BE) using standardized endoscopy videos.
  • The study involved 22 endoscopists analyzing 96 videos, comparing assessments with and without the AI system for its impact on detecting Barrett's esophagus-related neoplasia (BERN).
  • Results indicated that while AI outperformed human experts in sensitivity, specificity, and accuracy, non-expert endoscopists showed notable improvement when using AI, suggesting that while AI can enhance decision-making, various factors may affect how endoscopists incorporate AI recommendations.
View Article and Find Full Text PDF
Article Synopsis
  • Atrial fibrillation treatment often requires catheter ablation when medications fail, and this study compares two methods: cryoballoon ablation and pulsed field ablation (PFA).
  • Researchers analyzed data from 1,714 patients and found that the cryoballoon method had a significantly higher rate of phrenic nerve palsy and longer procedure durations compared to PFA.
  • The results suggest that PFA is safer and more efficient than cryoballoon ablation, with advantages such as faster procedures and no instances of phrenic nerve palsy.
View Article and Find Full Text PDF

Diverse eukaryotic cells assemble microtubule networks that vary in structure and composition. While we understand how cells build microtubule networks with specialized functions, we do not know how microtubule networks diversify across deep evolutionary timescales. This problem has remained unresolved because most organisms use shared pools of tubulins for multiple networks, making it impossible to trace the evolution of any single network.

View Article and Find Full Text PDF

Sepsis is a life-threatening condition caused by a dysregulated host response to infection. The development of sepsis is associated with excessive nitric oxide (NO) production, which plays an important role in controlling vascular homeostasis. 7-nitroindazole (7-NI) is a selective inhibitor of neuronal nitric oxide synthase (NOS-1) with potential application for treating NO imbalance conditions.

View Article and Find Full Text PDF

, the causative agent of Human African Trypanosomiasis (HAT) and animal trypanosomiases, cycles between a bloodstream form in mammals and a procyclic form in the gut of its insect vector. We previously discovered that the human bromodomain inhibitor I-BET151 causes transcriptome changes that resemble the transition from the bloodstream to the procyclic form. In particular, I-BET151 induces replacement of variant surface glycoprotein (VSG) with procyclin protein.

View Article and Find Full Text PDF

The programmed cell death 1 ligand 1 (PD-L1)/programmed cell death protein 1 (PD-1) axis is primarily associated with immunosuppression in cytotoxic T lymphocytes (CTLs). However, mounting evidence is supporting the thesis that PD-L1 not only functions as a ligand but mediates additional cellular functions in tumor cells. Moreover, it has been demonstrated that PD-L1 is not exclusively localized at the cellular membrane.

View Article and Find Full Text PDF

Unlabelled: We investigated the potential of markers associated with floral traits for parental selection in a cut rose breeding program. We analysed six Kompetitive Allele Specific PCR (KASP) markers for three important floral traits, petal length, petal number and scent, derived from experiments in a garden rose population. The six markers were applied to genotype a collection of 384 parental genotypes used for commercial cut rose breeding.

View Article and Find Full Text PDF

Pedestrian detection based on deep learning methods have reached great success in the past few years with several possible real-world applications including autonomous driving, robotic navigation, and video surveillance. In this work, a new neural network two-stage pedestrian detector with a new custom classification head, adding the triplet loss function to the standard bounding box regression and classification losses, is presented. This aims to improve the domain generalization capabilities of existing pedestrian detectors, by explicitly maximizing inter-class distance and minimizing intra-class distance.

View Article and Find Full Text PDF