Go big or spin fast? Biomechanical deterministic models for snowboard freestyle tricks performed on a trampoline.

In snowboard freestyle, rotation is the key indicator of trick difficulty, encouraging riders to perform tricks with more rotation. In many cases, snowboarders learn and practice tricks using training tools such as trampolins and/or landingbags before they transfer this tricks on-snow. It has not yet been scientifically investigated which movement parameters are primarily responsible for the acquisistion of increasingly difficult cork tricks.

Secondary transport mechanisms in amino acid fed enhanced biological phosphorus removal.

Enhanced biological phosphorus removal (EBPR) water resource recovery facilities (WRRFs) often fail to meet phosphorus discharge permit limits, indicating a need to improve EBPR to reduce environmental phosphorus discharges. EBPR designs are largely based on the Accumulibacter polyphosphate accumulating organism (PAO) metabolism, while understudied Tetrasphaera PAOs are equally important to EBPR in many facilities worldwide. Anaerobic organic carbon competition is believed to be a key driver of EBPR reliability.

The potential of interleaved TMS-fMRI for linking stimulation-induced changes in task-related activity with behavioral modulations.

The simultaneous combination of TMS with fMRI has emerged as a promising means to investigate the direct interaction between stimulation-induced changes at the behavioral and neural activity level. This enables the investigation of whole brain neurobehavioral interactions underlying cognitive disruption or facilitation. Yet to date, the literature on interleaved TMS-fMRI in cognitive neuroscience is sparse and neuromodulatory patterns of different TMS protocols are still poorly understood.

The impact of ROI extraction method for MEG connectivity estimation: practical recommendations for the study of resting state data.

Magnetoencephalography and electroencephalography (M/EEG) seed-based connectivity analysis requires the extraction of measures from regions of interest (ROI). M/EEG ROI-derived source activity can be treated in different ways. It is possible, for instance, to average each ROI's time series prior to calculating connectivity measures.

Is a cork a legal shortcut? - A comparison of the measured and assumed amount of rotation in freestyle tricks.

In snowboard freestyle disciplines, the amount of rotation is commonly determined as the sum of rotations around all board axes and is the most important indicator of the trick difficulty across all snowboard freestyle disciplines. Based on the type of rotation, tricks can be classified as flatspins, corks and flips. It is not yet known whether the type of rotation of a trick can influence the actual amount of rotation.

Alpha2 Agonist Use in Critically Ill Adults: A Focus on Sedation and Withdrawal Prevention.

The management of sedation in critically ill adults poses a unique challenge to clinicians. Dexmedetomidine, an α agonist, has a unique mechanism and favorable pharmacokinetics, making it an attractive intravenous option for sedation and delirium in the intensive care unit. However, patients may be at risk for withdrawal with prolonged use, adding to the complexity of sedation and agitation management in this patient population.

Knowledge revision processes during reading: How pictures influence the activation of outdated information.

Outdated information (i.e., information that is not or no longer accurate) continues to be automatically activated during reading and can hinder learning processes.

Interventions in ambulatory healthcare settings to reduce social isolation among adults aged 18-64: a systematic review.

Background: Social isolation is associated with increased all-cause and premature mortality, poor chronic disease management, and mental health concerns. Limited research exists on interventions addressing social isolation among individuals under 65 despite its increasing prevalence among young and middle-aged adults.

Aim: To identify interventions from the extant literature that address social isolation and loneliness in ambulatory healthcare settings in adults aged 18-64 and to identify elements of successful studies for future intervention design.

Neural response during prefrontal theta burst stimulation: Interleaved TMS-fMRI of full iTBS protocols.

Background: Left prefrontal intermittent theta-burst stimulation (iTBS) has emerged as a safe and effective transcranial magnetic stimulation (TMS) treatment protocol in depression. Though network effects after iTBS have been widely studied, the deeper mechanistic understanding of target engagement is still at its beginning. Here, we investigate the feasibility of a novel integrated TMS-fMRI setup and accelerated echo planar imaging protocol to directly observe the immediate effects of full iTBS treatment sessions.

Chronometric TMS-fMRI of personalized left dorsolateral prefrontal target reveals state-dependency of subgenual anterior cingulate cortex effects.

Transcranial magnetic stimulation (TMS) applied to a left dorsolateral prefrontal cortex (DLPFC) area with a specific connectivity profile to the subgenual anterior cingulate cortex (sgACC) has emerged as a highly effective non-invasive treatment option for depression. However, antidepressant outcomes demonstrate significant variability among therapy plans and individuals. One overlooked contributing factor is the individual brain state at the time of treatment.

Simultaneous inference procedures for the comparison of multiple characteristics of two survival functions.

Survival time is the primary endpoint of many randomized controlled trials, and a treatment effect is typically quantified by the hazard ratio under the assumption of proportional hazards. Awareness is increasing that in many settings this assumption is a priori violated, for example, due to delayed onset of drug effect. In these cases, interpretation of the hazard ratio estimate is ambiguous and statistical inference for alternative parameters to quantify a treatment effect is warranted.

A systematic review of therapeutic enoxaparin dosing in obesity.

Enoxaparin is a hydrophilic drug with obesity having little effect on its apparent volume of distribution, therefore patients with obesity receiving standard 1 mg/kg dosing may be at a higher risk of supratherapeutic dosing. Conversely, dose reducing patients with obesity could place already at risk patients at higher risk of a thrombotic event. Data and recommendations are variable for the most appropriate weight-based dose of therapeutic enoxaparin in obese patients, particularly those a weight > 100 kg or a body mass index (BMI) ≥ 40 kg/m.

Assessing cortical excitability with electroencephalography: A pilot study with EEG-iTBS.

Background: Cortical excitability measures neural reactivity to stimuli, usually delivered via Transcranial Magnetic Stimulation (TMS). Excitation/inhibition balance (E/I) is the ongoing equilibrium between excitatory and inhibitory activity of neural circuits. According to some studies, E/I could be estimated in-vivo and non-invasively through the modeling of electroencephalography (EEG) signals and termed 'intrinsic excitability' measures.

Discovery of Orally Available and Brain Penetrant AEP Inhibitors.

Alzheimer's Disease (AD) is the most widespread form of dementia, with one of the pathological hallmarks being the formation of neurofibrillary tangles (NFTs). These tangles consist of phosphorylated Tau fragments. Asparagine endopeptidase (AEP) is a key Tau cleaving enzyme that generates aggregation-prone Tau fragments.