Revising and allied genera in .

(, ) species are common soil-borne fungi, endophytes, epiphytes, and saprotrophs. Sexual morphs of spp were placed in the genus , which was further segregated into the six subgenera , , , , , and . However, with the end of dual nomenclature, became the single depository for sexual and asexual morph-typified species.

First report of causing leaf spots on common bean in Europe (Slovenia).

A L. leaf showing necrotic spots was collected in an experimental bean field in central Slovenia in August 2021. The field contained diverse common bean lines sourced from genebank collections, with each line represented by 10 plants.

First Report of causing Damping-off / Root Rot on Parsley in Slovenia.

Pythium-like species cause damping-off symptoms of various hosts, including umbelliferous crops. In April 2023, parsley plantlets (), showing stunted growth, yellowing, decayed roots and damping-off, were obtained from a nursery in central Slovenia, where parsley was grown in polystyrene trays in a greenhouse. Nearly 30% of plants were symptomatic.

: more than a node or a foot-shaped basal cell.

Recent publications have argued that there are potentially serious consequences for researchers in recognising distinct genera in the terminal fusarioid clade of the family . Thus, an alternate hypothesis, namely a very broad concept of the genus was proposed. In doing so, however, a significant body of data that supports distinct genera in based on morphology, biology, and phylogeny is disregarded.

Comparative genomics highlights the importance of drug efflux transporters during evolution of mycoparasitism in subgenus (Fungi, Ascomycota, Hypocreales).

Various strains of the mycoparasitic fungal species are used commercially as biological control agents for the control of fungal plant diseases in agricultural crop production. Further improvements of the use and efficacy of in biocontrol require a mechanistic understanding of the factors that determines the outcome of the interaction between and plant pathogenic fungi. Here, we determined the genome sequences of 11 strains, representing five species in subgenus , and performed a comparative genomic analysis with the aim to identify gene families evolving under selection for gene gains or losses.

Bioaugmentation of Entomopathogenic Fungi for Sustainable Larvae (Wireworms) Management in Maize.

Soil microorganisms influence biotic and abiotic stress tolerance of crops. Most interactions between plant symbiotic and non-symbiotic soil microorganisms and plants occur in the rhizosphere and are sustained through plant exudation/rhizodeposition. Bioaugmentation, , the introduction or amplification of certain plant beneficial microbes (, entomopathogenic fungi) into the rhizosphere, could contribute to controlling insect crop pests and replacing chemical, environmentally unfriendly insecticides.

Out in the Cold: Identification of Genomic Regions Associated With Cold Tolerance in the Biocontrol Fungus Through Genome-Wide Association Mapping.

There is an increasing importance for using biocontrol agents in combating plant diseases sustainably and in the long term. As large scale genomic sequencing becomes economically viable, the impact of single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) on biocontrol-associated phenotypes can be easily studied across entire genomes of fungal populations. Here, we improved a previously reported genome assembly of the biocontrol fungus strain IK726 using the PacBio sequencing platform, which resulted in a total genome size of 70.

Occultifur mephitis f.a., sp. nov. and other yeast species from hypoxic and elevated CO2 mofette environments.

An inventory of culturable yeasts from the soil and water of natural CO2 springs (mofettes) in northeast Slovenia is presented. In mofettes, CO2 of geological origin reaches the soil surface causing temporarily and spatially stable hypoxic environments in soil and water. In total, 142 yeast strains were isolated and identified from high CO2 and control meadow soil, meadow ground-water, forest pond and stream water.

Elsinopirins A-D, Decalin Polyketides from the Ascomycete Elsinoё pyri.

In course of our screening for new secondary metabolites from ecological niche specialized, phytopathogenic fungi, the plant pathogen , strain 2203C, was found to produce four novel compounds (-), which were named elsinopirins A-D, in addition to the known metabolite elsinochrome A (). After isolation by preparative high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC), their structures, including relative stereochemistry, were elucidated by 1D and 2D nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) and mass spectrometry (MS) data. Finally, absolute stereochemistry was assigned by chemical shifts of Mosher's esters (α-methoxy-α-trifluoromethylphenylacetic acid; MTPA) derivatives of elsinopirin B ().

Comparison of cauliflower-insect-fungus interactions and pesticides for cabbage root fly control.

Cabbage root fly (Delia radicum L.) control represents a major challenge in brassica production, therefore different management strategies for its control were tested in conventionally managed open field cauliflower production. Strategies included treatments with low-risk methods such as nitrogen lime, the insecticide spinosad and the Beauveria bassiana ATCC 74040-based biopesticide Naturalis.

Ijuhya vitellina sp. nov., a novel source for chaetoglobosin A, is a destructive parasite of the cereal cyst nematode Heterodera filipjevi.

Cyst nematodes are globally important pathogens in agriculture. Their sedentary lifestyle and long-term association with the roots of host plants render cyst nematodes especially good targets for attack by parasitic fungi. In this context fungi were specifically isolated from nematode eggs of the cereal cyst nematode Heterodera filipjevi.

Relevance of pre-analytical blood management on the emerging cardiovascular protein biomarkers TWEAK and HMGB1 and on miRNA serum and plasma profiling.

Background: Disease-independent sources of biomarker variability include pre-analytical, analytical and biological variance. The aim of the present study was to evaluate whether the pre-analytical phase has any impact on the emerging heart disease TWEAK and HMGB1 protein markers and miRNA biomarkers, and whether peptidome profiling allows the identification of pre-analytical quality markers.

Methods: An assessment was made of sample type (serum, EDTA-Plasma, Citrate-Plasma, ACD-plasma, Heparin-plasma), temperature of sample storage (room temperature or refrigerated), time of sample storage (0.

Epitypification of Fusisporium (Fusarium) solani and its assignment to a common phylogenetic species in the Fusarium solani species complex.

Fusisporium solani was described as the causal agent of a dry rot of potato in Germany in the mid 19th century. As Fusarium solani, the species became known as a plurivorous plant pathogen, endophyte, decomposer, and opportunistic pathogen of humans and nutritional symbiont of insects. In parallel, it became evident that the morphologically defined species F.

A Taxonomic Revision of the Wallemia sebi Species Complex.

Wallemia sebi is a xerophilic food- and air-borne fungus. The name has been used for strains that prevail in cold, temperate and tropical climates. In this study, multi-locus phylogenetic analyses, using the internal transcribed spacer (ITS) regions, DNA replication licensing factor (MCM7), pre-rRNA processing protein (TSR1), RNA polymerase II largest subunit (RPB1), RNA polymerase II second largest subunit (RPB2) and a new marker 3´-phosphoadenosine-5´-phosphatase (HAL2), confirmed the previous hypothesis that W.

Production of Obionin A and Derivatives by the Sooty Blotch Fungus Microcyclospora malicola.

A multitude of sooty blotch and flyspeck fungi, mainly belonging to the Ascomycetes order Capnodiales, causes dark blemishes and flyspeck-like spots on apples worldwide. Different sooty blotch and flyspeck fungi can coexist in the same orchard and even on a single fruit. Our preceding experiments revealed an activity of Microcyclospora malicola strain 1930 against the anthracnose fungus Colletotrichum fioriniae in dual culture assays.

Candida and Fusarium species known as opportunistic human pathogens from customer-accessible parts of residential washing machines.

Energy constraints have altered consumer practice regarding the use of household washing machines. Washing machines were developed that use lower washing temperatures, smaller amounts of water and biodegradable detergents. These conditions may favour the enrichment of opportunistic human pathogenic fungi.

Evaluation of insect associated and plant growth promoting fungi in the control of cabbage root flies.

Delia radicum L. or cabbage maggot is an important pest for Brassicaceous crops. There are currently no registered chemical control agents for its control in Slovenia.

Direct plantlet inoculation with soil or insect-associated fungi may control cabbage root fly maggots.

A potential Delia radicum biological control strategy involving cauliflower plantlet inoculation with various fungi was investigated in a series of laboratory and glasshouse experiments. In addition to entomopathogenic fungi, fungi with a high rhizosphere competence and fungi with the ability to survive as saprotrophs in soil were tested. The following fungal species were evaluated in the experiments: Trichoderma atroviride, T.

Peltaster cerophilus is a new species of the apple sooty blotch complex from Europe.

Adopting the currently used concept for the genus Peltaster, the sooty blotch fungus Peltaster cerophilus is newly described from the cuticle of ripening or ripe apples. It forms a punctate phenotype consisting of superficially formed pycnothyria and a superficial mycelial mat consisting of a net of brown or brownish black hyphae. The pycnothyria are olivaceous brown to brown but have a spot in the center that is less strongly pigmented.

Production of Trichothecenes by the apple sooty blotch fungus Microcyclospora tardicrescens.

The sooty blotch and flyspeck (SBFS) syndrome of apples and other fruits is caused by a complex consortium of epiphytic fungi that colonize the fruit cuticula. SBFS fungal strains isolated from apples were screened for growth inhibition of the phytopathogen Colletotrichum fioriniae in dual culture tests. Extracts of 11 isolates of SBFS fungi (Microcyclospora malicola, Microcyclospora pomicola, Microcyclospora tardicrescens, and Microcyclosporella mali) inhibited growth of the test strains and were studied for production of antibiotics.

Genera in Bionectriaceae, Hypocreaceae, and Nectriaceae (Hypocreales) proposed for acceptance or rejection.

With the recent changes concerning pleomorphic fungi in the new International Code of Nomenclature for algae, fungi, and plants (ICN), it is necessary to propose the acceptance or protection of sexual morph-typified or asexual morph-typified generic names that do not have priority, or to propose the rejection or suppression of competing names. In addition, sexual morph-typified generic names, where widely used, must be proposed for rejection or suppression in favour of asexual morph-typified names that have priority, or the latter must be proposed for conservation or protection. Some pragmatic criteria used for deciding the acceptance or rejection of generic names include: the number of name changes required when one generic name is used over another, the clarity of the generic concept, their relative frequencies of use in the scientific literature, and a vote of interested mycologists.

Acremonium phylogenetic overview and revision of Gliomastix, Sarocladium, and Trichothecium.

Over 200 new sequences are generated for members of the genus Acremonium and related taxa including ribosomal small subunit sequences (SSU) for phylogenetic analysis and large subunit (LSU) sequences for phylogeny and DNA-based identification. Phylogenetic analysis reveals that within the Hypocreales, there are two major clusters containing multiple Acremonium species. One clade contains Acremonium sclerotigenum, the genus Emericellopsis, and the genus Geosmithia as prominent elements.