Technological and microbiological characterization of an industrial soft-sliced bread enriched with chitosan and its prebiotic activity.

Several studies have described the effects of chitosan as an ingredient in bread, particularly from a technological and functional point of view. However, these studies mainly focus on breads produced at lab scale with a short shelf life, which may not reflect the changes occurring in industrial production. Our study investigated the potential of using chitosan at an industrial scale to produce soft white bread, evaluating its impact on the final product's shelf life and providing deeper insights into the practical possibilities and limitations of its scalability.

The CB1 antagonist Rimonabant improves muscle regeneration and remodels the inflammatory and endocannabinoid profile upon injury in male mice.

Skeletal muscle regeneration upon injury requires timely activation of inflammatory, myogenic, fibrotic, apoptotic and anabolic systems. Optimization of these features might improve the recovery process. Whereas recent data indicate that the endocannabinoid system, and more particularly cannabinoid receptor 1 (CB1) antagonism, is involved in the regulation of inflammatory, myogenic, fibrotic, apoptotic and anabolic pathways, it was never studied whether CB1 antagonism can improve muscle regeneration.

Obesity alters adipose tissue response to fasting and refeeding in women: A study on lipolytic and endocrine dynamics and acute insulin resistance.

Fasting induces significant shifts in substrate utilization with signs of acute insulin resistance (IR), while obesity is associated with chronic IR. Nonetheless, both states substantially influence adipose tissue (AT) function. Therefore, in this interventional study (NCT04260542), we investigated if excessive adiposity in premenopausal women alters insulin sensitivity and AT metabolic and endocrine activity in response to a 60-h fast and a subsequent 48-h refeeding period.

The molecular signature of the peripheral cannabinoid receptor 1 antagonist AM6545 in adipose, liver and muscle tissue.

The endocannabinoid system plays an important role in the regulation of metabolism, growth and regeneration of peripheral tissues, including liver, adipose and muscle tissue. Studies in cells, rodents and humans showed that cannabinoid receptor 1 (CB) antagonist treatment is an effective strategy to improve features of metabolic health such as substrate metabolism, at least in models of metabolic dysregulation. However, acute signaling events that might induce these metabolic adaptations are not understood.

A cross-sectional study in 18 patients with typical and mild forms of nemaline myopathy in the Netherlands.

Nemaline myopathy (NM) is a congenital myopathy with generalised muscle weakness, most pronounced in neck flexor, bulbar and respiratory muscles. The aim of this cross-sectional study was to assess the Dutch NM patient cohort. We assessed medical history, physical examination, quality of life (QoL), fatigue severity, motor function (MFM), and respiratory muscle function.

Palmitoylethanolamide Does Not Affect Recovery from Exercise-Induced Muscle Damage in Healthy Males.

Introduction: Strenuous eccentric exercise (EE) induces microstructural muscle damage, which decreases muscle performance. Palmitoylethanolamide (PEA) exerts analgesic and anti-inflammatory effects in clinical pain conditions and preclinical models of experimentally induced inflammation. This might hold clues for improved recovery from EE.

Digenic inheritance involving a muscle-specific protein kinase and the giant titin protein causes a skeletal muscle myopathy.

In digenic inheritance, pathogenic variants in two genes must be inherited together to cause disease. Only very few examples of digenic inheritance have been described in the neuromuscular disease field. Here we show that predicted deleterious variants in SRPK3, encoding the X-linked serine/argenine protein kinase 3, lead to a progressive early onset skeletal muscle myopathy only when in combination with heterozygous variants in the TTN gene.

Micro-diffusely abnormal white matter: An early multiple sclerosis lesion phase with intensified myelin blistering.

Objective: Multiple sclerosis (MS) is a chronic central nervous system disease whose white matter lesion origin remains debated. Recently, we reported subtle changes in the MS normal appearing white matter (NAWM), presenting with an increase in myelin blisters and myelin protein citrullination, which may recapitulate some of the prodromal degenerative processes involved in MS pathogenesis. Here, to clarify the relevance of these changes for subsequent MS myelin degeneration we explored their prevalence in WM regions characterized by subtly reduced myelination (dubbed as micro-diffusely abnormal white matter, mDAWM).

Comparing Spoken Versus iPad-Administered Versions of a Narrative Retell Assessment Tool in a Practice-Based Research Partnership.

Purpose: In the current age of greater digital delivery of services, it is important to examine the validity and differences between spoken and digital delivery of materials. The current study is a practice-based research partnership between school-based speech-language pathologists (SLPs) and researchers, evaluating presentation effects and validity of a narrative retell assessment tool created by SLPs.

Method: Fifty-one children across kindergarten, Grade 1, and Grade 2 completed the narrative retell task, retelling and in three in-person story presentation conditions administered 1 week apart: spoken, iPad with audio-recorded natural rate of speech, and iPad with slow rate of speech.

Cannabidiol and brain function: current knowledge and future perspectives.

Cannabidiol (CBD) is a naturally occurring non-psychoactive cannabinoid found in , commonly known as cannabis or hemp. Although currently available CBD products do not meet the safety standards of most food safety authorities to be approved as a dietary supplement or food additive, CBD has been gaining widespread attention in recent years due to its various potential health benefits. While primarily known for its therapeutic effects in managing epileptic seizures, psychosis, anxiety, (neuropathic) pain, and inflammation, CBD's influence on brain function has also piqued the interest of researchers and individuals seeking to enhance cognitive performance.

Influence of baking conditions and formulation on furanic derivatives, 3-methylbutanal and hexanal and other quality characteristics of lab-made and commercial biscuits.

Biscuit baking can cause the formation of heat-related toxic compounds, mainly through the Maillard reaction, including some volatile organic compounds (VOCs) that are potentially carcinogenic to humans. This study investigates the effects of different baking conditions and recipes on quality characteristics (moisture, water activity, colour, texture) and on the concentration of some VOCs (furfural, furfuryl acetate, 5-methylfurfural, furfuryl alcohol, 3-methylbutanal, hexanal) in biscuits. Specifically, lab-made biscuits baked under static and ventilated conditions and three commercial biscuit types categorised as shortbreads with eggs, with chocolate chips and dry petits were evaluated.

Narrative Retell Assessment Using "Frog" Stories: A Practice-Based Research Speech-Language Pathology Partnership Exploring Story Equivalency.

Purpose: Narrative abilities are an important part of everyday conversation, playing a key role in academic settings, at home, and in social interactions. As narrative assessments are an effective method for identifying children falling below age expectations, it has been recommended they be included as a routine part of clinical language assessments. It is important that assessments meet the needs of clinicians and their practice.

Preferences of young adults on the development of a new digital add-on alcohol intervention for depression treatment: A qualitative study.

Aim: To explore the preferences of young adults with regard to the development of a new digital add-on alcohol intervention to complement depression treatment.

Methods: This qualitative study included young adults (18-35 years) with experience of either problematic alcohol use or depression or both ( = 29). Two rounds of focus groups were conducted, with two focus groups in each round.

Age-associated systemic factors change central and peripheral immunity in adult male mice.

Aging coincides with major changes in brain immunity that aid in a decline in neuronal function. Here, we postulate that systemic, pro-aging factors contribute to immunological changes that occur within the brain during aging. To investigate this hypothesis, we comprehensively characterized the central and peripheral immune landscape of 20-month-old male mice using cytometry by time-of-flight (CyTOF) and investigated the role of age-associated circulating factors.

Alcohol use as a predictor of the course of major depressive disorder: a prospective population-based study.

Aims: There are indications that problematic alcohol use may negatively impact the course of major depressive disorder (MDD). However, most studies on alcohol use and adverse MDD outcomes are conducted amongst MDD populations with (severe) alcohol use disorder in psychiatric treatment settings. Therefore, it remains unclear whether these results can be generalised to the general population.

Copy number variants from 4800 exomes contribute to ~7% of genetic diagnoses in movement disorders, muscle disorders and neuropathies.

Various groups of neurological disorders, including movement disorders and neuromuscular diseases, are clinically and genetically heterogeneous. Diagnostic panel-based exome sequencing is a routine test for these disorders. Despite the success rates of exome sequencing, it results in the detection of causative sequence variants in 'only' 25-30% of cases.

Respiratory insufficiency as a presenting symptom of congenital myasthenic syndromes.

Aim: Respiratory insufficiency can be a presenting symptom of congenital myasthenic syndromes (CMS) but is rarely recognised as such. In this study, we aim to raise awareness of CMS to paediatricians.

Methods: We performed a retrospective case study of infants and preschool children treated in the past 5 years in Amalia Children's Hospital, Radboud University Medical Center in Nijmegen, the Netherlands for respiratory insufficiency as presenting symptom of CMS.

Effect of increased protein intake and exogenous ketosis on body composition, energy expenditure and exercise capacity during a hypocaloric diet in recreational female athletes.

Since low body weight is an important determinant of success in many sports such as gymnastics, martial arts and figure skating, athletes can benefit from effective weight loss strategies that preserve muscle mass and athletic performance. The present study investigates the effects of increased protein intake and exogenous ketosis on body composition, energy expenditure, exercise capacity, and perceptions of appetite and well-being during a hypocaloric diet in females. Thirty-two female recreational athletes (age: 22.

The cannabinoid receptor 1 antagonist AM6545 stimulates the Akt-mTOR axis and in vivo muscle protein synthesis in a dexamethasone-induced muscle atrophy model.

Cannabinoid receptor 1 (CB) antagonists were shown to stimulate in vitro muscle protein synthesis, but this has never been confirmed in vivo. Therefore, this study investigated whether treatment with the CB antagonist AM6545 upregulates in vivo muscle anabolism. Chronic AM6545 treatment stimulated the Akt-mTOR axis and protein synthesis (+22%; p = 0.

Multi-omics analyses identify molecular signatures with prognostic values in different heart failure aetiologies.

Background: Heart failure (HF) is the leading cause of morbidity and mortality worldwide, and there is an urgent need for more global studies and data mining approaches to uncover its underlying mechanisms. Multiple omics techniques provide a more holistic molecular perspective to study pathophysiological events involved in the development of HF.

Methods: In this study, we used a label-free whole myocardium multi-omics characterization from three commonly used mouse HF models: transverse aortic constriction (TAC), myocardial infarction (MI), and homozygous Phospholamban-R14del (PLN-R14).

Molecular Mechanisms Through Which Cannabidiol May Affect Skeletal Muscle Metabolism, Inflammation, Tissue Regeneration, and Anabolism: A Narrative Review.

Cannabidiol (CBD), a nonintoxicating constituent of the cannabis plant, recently gained a lot of interest among athletes, since it is no longer considered as a prohibited substance by the World Anti-Doping Agency. The increasing prevalence of CBD use among athletes is driven by a perceived improvement in muscle recovery and a reduction in pain. However, compelling evidence from intervention studies is lacking and the precise mechanisms through which CBD may improve muscle recovery remain unknown.