Long-Term Assessment of Weight Loss Medications in a Veteran Population.

Background: Overweight and obesity are common in the veteran population. Medical management with semaglutide, orlistat, liraglutide, phentermine, phentermine/topiramate, and naltrexone/bupropion is increasingly common. This study expands on a 2021 study and evaluates medication effectiveness.

Airway Prevotella promote TLR2-dependent neutrophil activation and rapid clearance of Streptococcus pneumoniae from the lung.

This study investigates how specific members of the lung microbiome influence the early immune response to infection. Prevotella species are a major component of the endogenous airway microbiota. Increased abundance of Prevotella melaninogenica correlates with reduced infection with the bacterial pathogen Streptococcus pneumoniae, indicating a potentially beneficial role.

The Changing Paradigm of Head and Neck Paragangliomas: What Every Otolaryngologist Needs to Know.

Background: Recommendations regarding head and neck paragangliomas (HNPGL) have undergone a fundamental reorientation in the last decade as a result of increased understanding of the genetic and pathophysiologic basis of these disorders.

Objective: We aim to provide an overview of HNPGL and recent discoveries regarding their molecular genetics, along with updated recommendations on workup, treatment, and surveillance, and their implications for otolaryngologists treating patients with these disorders.

Results: susceptibility gene mutations, encoding subunits of the enzyme succinate dehydrogenase (SDH), give rise to the Hereditary Pheochromocytoma/Paraganglioma Syndromes.

To transfuse or not to transfuse? Jehovah's Witnesses and postoperative hemorrhage in pediatric otolaryngology.

Objectives: Discuss the ethical issues in the management of postoperative hemorrhage in pediatric patients whose parents are Jehovah's Witnesses (JW) and 2) Describe a framework for shared decision making in this population.

Methods: A recall review of pediatric otolaryngology patients with parents of the JW faith and postoperative hemorrhage was performed over a year long period at a single institution. The literature on transfusions for JW minors was reviewed.

Office-based esophageal dilation in head and neck cancer: Safety, feasibility, and cost analysis.

Objective: To review experience, safety, and cost of office-based esophageal dilation in patients with history of head and neck cancer (HNCA).

Methods: The medical records of patients undergoing esophageal dilation in the office were retrospectively reviewed between August 2015 and May 2017. Patients were given nasal topical anesthesia.

Evaluation of Neonatal Lung Volume Growth by Pulmonary Magnetic Resonance Imaging in Patients with Congenital Diaphragmatic Hernia.

Objective: To evaluate postnatal lung volume in infants with congenital diaphragmatic hernia (CDH) and determine if a compensatory increase in lung volume occurs during the postnatal period.

Study Design: Using a novel pulmonary magnetic resonance imaging method for imaging neonatal lungs, the postnatal lung volumes in infants with CDH were determined and compared with prenatal lung volumes obtained via late gestation magnetic resonance imaging.

Results: Infants with left-sided CDH (2 mild, 9 moderate, and 1 severe) were evaluated.

Dental care in patients with epilepsy: a survey of 82 patients and their attending dentists and neurologists in southern Germany.

Introduction: The current study assessed the knowledge and attitudes of dentists and neurologists, and of their patients with epilepsy, in the catchment area of an outpatient clinic for epilepsy in southern Germany.

Methods: One-hundred patients with epilepsy were asked to complete questionnaires about their dental treatment. Attitudes of their attending dentists and neurologists were also assessed.

Indoor rock climbing (bouldering) as a new treatment for depression: study design of a waitlist-controlled randomized group pilot study and the first results.

Background: Depression is one of the most common diseases in industrialised nations. Physical activity is regarded as an important part of therapeutic intervention. Rock climbing or bouldering (rock climbing to moderate heights without rope) comprises many aspects that are considered useful, but until now, there has been hardly any research on the effects of a bouldering group intervention on people with depression.

[Gender differences in acute and chronic pain conditions. Implications for diagnosis and therapy].

Gender differences can influence incidence and outcome of acute and chronic pain conditions. The reasons are to be found in genetic factors, hormonal effects and differences in anatomy and physiology. Furthermore differences relating to psychiatric comorbidities (i.

Gender and its implications for cardiothoracic perioperative care and anesthesia.

Differences in gender can influence perioperative outcome, with men and women being differently affected by adverse events in the perioperative period. Differences relating to specific drug effects, comorbidities and outcomes after anesthesia or intensive care have been demonstrated. There is a gender bias in diagnosis and therapy.

[Gender aspects in anesthesia : modified approach in research and treatment?].

Gender differences can have a relevant influence on the perioperative outcome as male and female patients are affected differently by adverse events, e.g. side effects of drugs.