Attentional Inhibition Ability Predicts Neural Representation During Challenging Auditory Streaming.

Focusing on a single source within a complex auditory scene is challenging. M/EEG-based auditory attention detection (AAD) allows to detect which stream an individual is attending to within a set of multiple concurrent streams. The high interindividual variability in the auditory attention detection performance often is attributed to physiological factors and signal-to-noise ratio of neural data.

Different sustained and induced alpha oscillations emerge in the human auditory cortex during sound processing.

Alpha oscillations in the auditory cortex have been associated with attention and the suppression of irrelevant information. However, their anatomical organization and interaction with other neural processes remain unclear. Do alpha oscillations function as a local mechanism within most neural sources to regulate their internal excitation/inhibition balance, or do they belong to separated inhibitory sources gating information across the auditory network? To address this question, we acquired intracerebral electrophysiological recordings from epilepsy patients during rest and tones listening.

Similar gaze behaviour during dialogue perception in congenitally deaf children with cochlear Implants and normal hearing children.

Background: Perceptual and speech production abilities of children with cochlear implants (CIs) are usually tested by word and sentence repetition or naming tests. However, these tests are quite far apart from daily life linguistic contexts.

Aim: Here, we describe a way of investigating the link between language comprehension and anticipatory verbal behaviour promoting the use of more complex listening situations.

Speech and music recruit frequency-specific distributed and overlapping cortical networks.

To what extent does speech and music processing rely on domain-specific and domain-general neural networks? Using whole-brain intracranial EEG recordings in 18 epilepsy patients listening to natural, continuous speech or music, we investigated the presence of frequency-specific and network-level brain activity. We combined it with a statistical approach in which a clear operational distinction is made between , and domain- neural responses. We show that the majority of focal and network-level neural activity is shared between speech and music processing.

Implementation of the Dementia Isolation Toolkit in long-term care improves awareness but does not reduce moral distress amongst healthcare providers.

Background: Healthcare providers may experience moral distress when they are unable to take the ethically or morally appropriate action due to real or perceived constraints in delivering care, and this psychological stressor can negatively impact their mental health, leading to burnout and compassion fatigue. This study describes healthcare providers experiences of moral distress working in long-term care settings during the COVID-19 pandemic and measures self-reported levels of moral distress pre- and post-implementation of the Dementia Isolation Toolkit (DIT), a person-centred care intervention designed for use by healthcare providers to alleviate moral distress.

Methods: Subjective levels of moral distress amongst providers (e.

Auditory and motor priming of metric structure improves understanding of degraded speech.

Speech comprehension is enhanced when preceded (or accompanied) by a congruent rhythmic prime reflecting the metrical sentence structure. Although these phenomena have been described for auditory and motor primes separately, their respective and synergistic contribution has not been addressed. In this experiment, participants performed a speech comprehension task on degraded speech signals that were preceded by a rhythmic prime that could be auditory, motor or audiomotor.

Neural dynamics of predictive timing and motor engagement in music listening.

Why do humans spontaneously dance to music? To test the hypothesis that motor dynamics reflect predictive timing during music listening, we created melodies with varying degrees of rhythmic predictability (syncopation) and asked participants to rate their wanting-to-move (groove) experience. Degree of syncopation and groove ratings are quadratically correlated. Magnetoencephalography data showed that, while auditory regions track the rhythm of melodies, beat-related 2-hertz activity and neural dynamics at delta (1.

The effect of familiarity on neural tracking of music stimuli is modulated by mind wandering.

One way to investigate the cortical tracking of continuous auditory stimuli is to use the stimulus reconstruction approach. However, the cognitive and behavioral factors impacting this cortical representation remain largely overlooked. Two possible candidates are familiarity with the stimulus and the ability to resist internal distractions.

PREDICTOR: A Physical emulatoR enabling safEty anD ergonomICs evaluation and Training of physical human-rObot collaboRation.

Safety and ergonomics of Physical Human-Robot Collaboration (PHRC) are crucial to make human-robot collaborative systems trustworthy and make a significant impact in real-world applications. One big obstacle to the development of relevant research is the lack of a general platform for evaluating the safety and ergonomics of proposed PHRC systems. This paper aims to create a Physical emulatoR enabling safEty anD ergonomICs evaluation and Training of physical human-rObot collaboRation (PREDICTOR).

Reconstruction and localization of auditory sources from intracerebral SEEG using independent component analysis.

Stereo-electroencephalography (SEEG) is the surgical implantation of electrodes in the brain to better localize the epileptic network in pharmaco-resistant epileptic patients. This technique has exquisite spatial and temporal resolution. Still, the number and the position of the electrodes in the brain is limited and determined by the semiology and/or preliminary non-invasive examinations, leading to a large number of unexplored brain structures in each patient.

Hippocampal intracerebral evoked potentials as a marker of its functionality in drug-resistant epilepsy.

Objectives: To assess hippocampal function during stereoelectroencephalography (SEEG) investigations through the study of the medial temporal lobe event-related potential (ERP) MTL-P300.

Methods: We recorded the MTL-P300 during a visual oddball task, using hippocampal electrodes implanted for SEEG in 71 patients, in a preoperative epilepsy investigation. The presence of an MTL-P300 and its amplitude were correlated with hippocampal involvement during seizures and memory function.

Home- and community-level predictors of social connection in nursing home residents: A scoping review.

Background And Aims: Social connection is associated with better physical and mental health and is an important aspect of the quality of care for nursing home residents. The primary objective of this scoping review was to answer the question: what nursing home and community characteristics have been tested as predictors of social connection in nursing home residents? The secondary objective was to describe the measures of social connection used in these studies.

Methods: We searched MEDLINE(R) ALL (Ovid), CINAHL (EBSCO), APA PsycINFO (Ovid), Scopus, Sociological Abstracts (ProQuest), Embase and Embase Classic (Ovid), Emcare Nursing (Ovid), and AgeLine (EBSCO) for research that quantified associations between nursing home and/or community characteristics and resident social connection.

The effect of speech degradation on the ability to track and predict turn structure in conversation.

Conversation represents a considerable amount of the daily language usage and plays an important role in language acquisition. In conversation, listeners simultaneously process their interlocutor's turn and prepare their own next turn. As such the turn-taking dynamics heavily relies on prediction.

Precuneus connectivity and symptom severity in chronic depression.

Although abnormal resting state connectivity within several brain networks has been repeatedly reported in depression, little is known about connectivity in patients with early onset chronic depression. We compared resting state connectivity in a homogenous sample of 32 unmedicated patients with early onset chronic depression and 40 healthy control participants in a seed-to-voxel-analysis. According to previous meta-analyses on resting state connectivity in depression, 12 regions implicated in default mode, limbic, frontoparietal and ventral attention networks were chosen as seeds.

Hippocampal and auditory contributions to speech segmentation.

Statistical learning has been proposed as a mechanism to structure and segment the continuous flow of information in several sensory modalities. Previous studies proposed that the medial temporal lobe, and in particular the hippocampus, may be crucial to parse the stream in the visual modality. However, the involvement of the hippocampus in auditory statistical learning, and specifically in speech segmentation is less clear.

Good scientific practice in EEG and MEG research: Progress and perspectives.

Good scientific practice (GSP) refers to both explicit and implicit rules, recommendations, and guidelines that help scientists to produce work that is of the highest quality at any given time, and to efficiently share that work with the community for further scrutiny or utilization. For experimental research using magneto- and electroencephalography (MEEG), GSP includes specific standards and guidelines for technical competence, which are periodically updated and adapted to new findings. However, GSP also needs to be regularly revisited in a broader light.

Does auditory deprivation impairs statistical learning in the auditory modality?

Early sensory deprivation allows assessing the extent of reorganisation of cognitive functions, well beyond sensory processing. As such, it is a good model to explore the links between sensory experience and cognitive functions. One of these functions, statistical learning - the ability to extract and use regularities present in the environment - is suspected to be impaired in prelingually deaf children with a cochlear implant.

Frequency Selectivity of Persistent Cortical Oscillatory Responses to Auditory Rhythmic Stimulation.

Cortical oscillations have been proposed to play a functional role in speech and music perception, attentional selection, and working memory, via the mechanism of neural entrainment. One of the properties of neural entrainment that is often taken for granted is that its modulatory effect on ongoing oscillations outlasts rhythmic stimulation. We tested the existence of this phenomenon by studying cortical neural oscillations during and after presentation of melodic stimuli in a passive perception paradigm.

Musical Expertise Is Associated with Improved Neural Statistical Learning in the Auditory Domain.

Unlabelled: It is poorly known whether musical training is associated with improvements in general cognitive abilities, such as statistical learning (SL). In standard SL paradigms, musicians have shown better performances than nonmusicians. However, this advantage could be due to differences in auditory discrimination, in memory or truly in the ability to learn sequence statistics.

Interpersonal Change During Inpatient CBASP Treatment: Focus on Group Therapy.

The Cognitive Behavioral Analysis System of Psychotherapy (CBASP) has been tailored specifically to the demands of patients with persistent depressive disorder (PDD). According to the CBASP model, PDD patients are supposed to live perceptually disconnected from their social environment, which consequently maintains depression. While initially developed as an individual treatment modality, the adaptation for group therapy yields an important interpersonal space.

Temporal integration of short-duration pulse trains in cochlear implant listeners: Psychophysical and electrophysiological measurements.

While electrically-evoked auditory brainstem response (eABR) thresholds for low-rate pulse trains correlate well with behavioral thresholds measured at the same rate, the correlation is much weaker with behavioral thresholds measured at high rates, such as used clinically. This implies that eABRs to low-rate stimuli cannot be reliably used for objective programming of threshold levels in cochlear implant (CI) users. Here, we investigate whether the use of bunched-up pulses (BUPS), consisting of groups of closely-spaced pulses may be used as an alternative stimulus.

Binary and Hybrid Work-Condition Maps for Interactive Exploration of Ergonomic Human Arm Postures.

Ergonomics of human workers is one of the key elements in design and evaluation of production processes. Human ergonomics have a major impact on productivity as well as chronic health risks incurred by inappropriate working postures and conditions. In this paper we propose a novel method for estimating and communicating the ergonomic work condition called , which provides a visualized feedback about work conditions of different configurations of an arm.

Social Connection in Long-Term Care Homes: A Scoping Review of Published Research on the Mental Health Impacts and Potential Strategies During COVID-19.

Objectives: Good social connection is associated with better health and wellbeing. However, social connection has distinct considerations for people living in long-term care (LTC) homes. The objective of this scoping review was to summarize research literature linking social connection to mental health outcomes, specifically among LTC residents, as well as research to identify strategies to help build and maintain social connection in this population during COVID-19.

Rhythmic Abilities of Children With Hearing Loss.

Objectives: Children with hearing loss (HL), in spite of early cochlear implantation, often struggle considerably with language acquisition. Previous research has shown a benefit of rhythmic training on linguistic skills in children with HL, suggesting that improving rhythmic capacities could help attenuating language difficulties. However, little is known about general rhythmic skills of children with HL and how they relate to speech perception.

Musical Training for Auditory Rehabilitation in Hearing Loss.

Despite the overall success of cochlear implantation, language outcomes remain suboptimal and subject to large inter-individual variability. Early auditory rehabilitation techniques have mostly focused on low-level sensory abilities. However, a new body of literature suggests that cognitive operations are critical for auditory perception remediation.