Implementation of a nationwide program for total pancreatectomy and islet autotransplantation in chronic pancreatitis: A Scandinavian single-center observational study.

Background: Tailoring surgical treatment is mandatory to optimize outcomes in chronic pancreatitis. Total pancreatectomy (TP) offers pain relief in a subset of patients. TP with islet autotransplantation (IAT) has the potential to reduce the burden of postsurgical diabetes.

ESOT Roadmap for Advanced Therapy Medicinal Products in Transplantation: Navigating Regulatory Challenges to Enhance Access and Care.

The field of organ transplantation is experiencing a transformative shift with the rise of Advanced Therapy Medicinal Products (ATMPs), which include gene therapies, somatic cell therapies, and tissue-engineered products. These therapies offer new, potentially curative treatments for longstanding medical challenges, impacting numerous patients. However, their adoption is hindered by complex regulatory frameworks, high production costs, and inconsistent access across Europe.

Cell identity dynamics and insight into insulin secretagogues when employing stem cell-derived islets for disease modeling.

Stem cell-derived islets (SC-islets) are not only an unlimited source for cell-based therapy of type 1 diabetes but have also emerged as an attractive material for modeling diabetes and conducting screening for treatment options. Prior to SC-islets becoming the established standard for disease modeling and drug development, it is essential to understand their response to various nutrient sources . This study demonstrates an enhanced efficiency of pancreatic endocrine cell differentiation through the incorporation of WNT signaling inhibition following the definitive endoderm stage.

The age-dependent regulation of pancreatic islet landscape is fueled by a HNF1a-immune signaling loop.

Animal longevity is a function of global vital organ functionality and, consequently, a complex polygenic trait. Yet, monogenic regulators controlling overall or organ-specific ageing exist, owing their conservation to their function in growth and development. Here, by using pathway analysis combined with wet-biology methods on several dynamic timelines, we identified Hnf1a as a novel master regulator of the maturation and ageing in the adult pancreatic islet during the first year of life.

Draft genome sequence of a Shiga toxin-producing strain from deer meat showing an IS-element integration in the B-subunit of the Shiga toxin Stx2b gene.

Shiga toxin-producing (STEC) are important food-borne pathogens. Here we report sequence data of the STEC strain BfR-EC-18960, which has integrated IS elements in the B-subunit of the Shiga toxin Stx2b gene. The strain was isolated from deer meat at a local butchery in Germany in 2021.

Octopamine integrates the status of internal energy supply into the formation of food-related memories.

The brain regulates food intake in response to internal energy demands and food availability. However, can internal energy storage influence the type of memory that is formed? We show that the duration of starvation determines whether forms appetitive short-term or longer-lasting intermediate memories. The internal glycogen storage in the muscles and adipose tissue influences how intensely sucrose-associated information is stored.

Glucose Concentration in Regulating Induced Pluripotent Stem Cells Differentiation Toward Insulin-Producing Cells.

The generation of insulin-producing cells from human-induced pluripotent stem cells holds great potential for diabetes modeling and treatment. However, existing protocols typically involve incubating cells with un-physiologically high concentrations of glucose, which often fail to generate fully functional IPCs. Here, we investigated the influence of high (20 mM) versus low (5.

Preparative agarose gel electrophoresis for reducing matrix interferences of organoid cell medium prior to LC-MS analysis of insulin.

Organoids are 3D cell cultures with microanatomies mimicking aspects of real organs, useful for e.g. animal-free studies of development, disease, and drug discovery.

Pump-Less, Recirculating Organ-on-Chip (rOoC) Platform to Model the Metabolic Crosstalk between Islets and Liver.

Type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM), obesity, and metabolic dysfunction-associated steatotic liver disease (MASLD) are epidemiologically correlated disorders with a worldwide growing prevalence. While the mechanisms leading to the onset and development of these conditions are not fully understood, predictive tissue representations for studying the coordinated interactions between central organs that regulate energy metabolism, particularly the liver and pancreatic islets, are needed. Here, a dual pump-less recirculating organ-on-chip platform that combines human pluripotent stem cell (sc)-derived sc-liver and sc-islet organoids is presented.

Analysis of Sporulation in Biovar Which Contains an Insertion in the Gene for the Sporulation Factor σ.

biovar () is an untypical pathogen causing a fatal anthrax-like disease in a variety of wildlife species in African rainforest areas. In contrast to and most species of the group, all strains of the cluster contain a 22 kb insertion in the gene which encodes the essential late sporulation sigma factor σ. This insertion is excised during sporulation in a site-specific recombination process resulting in an intact gene and a circular molecule.

Adipose retinol saturase is regulated by β-adrenergic signaling and its deletion impairs lipolysis in adipocytes and acute cold tolerance in mice.

Objective: Retinol saturase (RetSat) is an endoplasmic reticulum-localized oxidoreductase highly expressed in organs involved in lipid metabolism such as white (WAT) and brown adipose tissue (BAT). Cold exposure was shown to increase RETSAT protein in BAT but its relevance for non-shivering thermogenesis, a process with beneficial effects on metabolic health, is unknown.

Methods: We analyzed the regulation of RetSat expression in white and brown adipocytes and different murine adipose tissue depots upon β-adrenergic stimulation and cold exposure.

Virulence and resistance patterns of non-O1/non-O139 acquired in Germany and other European countries.

Global warming has caused an increase in the emergence of species in marine and estuarine environments as well as fresh water bodies. Over the past decades, antimicrobial resistance (AMR) has evolved among species toward various antibiotics commonly used for the treatment of infections. In this study, we assessed virulence and resistance patterns of non-O1/non-O139 strains derived from Germany and other European countries.

Expert Revision of Key Elements for Clinical-Grade Production and Qualification of Perinatal Derivatives.

Perinatal derivatives have been proposed as adjunct therapeutic strategies or innovative treatments. Undoubtedly, perinatal derivatives can offer the opportunity and source material to isolate multipotent stem cells, but both maternal- and fetal-derived tissues can be processed and transformed into engineered tissues or advanced biomedical devices, whose potential remains to be fully elucidated. Promising preclinical and clinical results collected so far clearly foresee an escalation of such novel treatments.

The Relevance of Advanced Therapy Medicinal Products in the Field of Transplantation and the Need for Academic Research Access: Overcoming Bottlenecks and Claiming a New Time.

The field of transplantation has witnessed the emergence of Advanced Therapy Medicinal Products (ATMPs) as highly promising solutions to address the challenges associated with organ and tissue transplantation. ATMPs encompass gene therapy, cell therapy, and tissue-engineered products, hold immense potential for breakthroughs in overcoming the obstacles of rejection and the limited availability of donor organs. However, the development and academic research access to ATMPs face significant bottlenecks that hinder progress.

Adipose-Derived Stromal Cells Preserve Pancreatic Islet Function in a Transplantable 3D Bioprinted Scaffold.

Intra-portal islet transplantation is currently the only clinically approved beta cell replacement therapy, but its outcome is hindered by limited cell survival due to a multifactorial reaction against the allogeneic tissue in liver. Adipose-derived stromal cells (ASCs) can potentially improve the islet micro-environment by their immunomodulatory action. The challenge is to combine both islets and ASCs in a relatively easy and consistent long-term manner in a deliverable scaffold.

Global proteomics reveals insulin abundance as a marker of human islet homeostasis alterations.

Aim: The variation in quality between the human islet samples represents a major problem for research, especially when used as control material. The assays assessing the quality of human islets used in research are non-standardized and limited, with many important parameters not being consistently assessed. High-throughput studies aimed at characterizing the diversity and segregation markers among apparently functionally healthy islet preps are thus a requirement.

Simultaneous LC-MS determination of glucose regulatory peptides secreted by stem cell-derived islet organoids.

For studying stem cell-derived islet organoids (SC-islets) in an organ-on-chip (OoC) platform, we have developed a reversed-phase liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry (RPLC-MS/MS) method allowing for simultaneous determination of insulin, somatostatin-14, and glucagon, with improved matrix robustness compared to earlier methodology. Combining phenyl/hexyl-C18 separations using 2.1 mm inner diameter LC columns and triple quadrupole mass spectrometry, identification and quantification were secured with negligible variance in retention time and quantifier/qualifier ratios, negligible levels of carryover (<2%), and sufficient precision (±10% RSD) and accuracy (±15% relative error) with and without use of an internal standard.

Isolation of from a White's tree frog (): pose exotic frogs a potential risk to human health?

Introduction: Cold-blooded hosts, particularly exotic frogs, have become a newly recognized reservoir for atypical species and strains worldwide, but their pathogenicity to humans remains largely unknown. Here we report the isolation and molecular characterization of a strain (FO700662) cultured from clinical samples taken from a captive diseased White's Tree Frog () in Switzerland. The isolation of from a frog along with other reports of human infection by atypical Brucella raises the question of whether atypical Brucella could pose a risk to human health and deserves further attention.

Phenotypic and genotypic discrimination of Francisella tularensis ssp. holarctica clades.

Francisella tularensis is the causative agent of tularemia, a zoonotic disease with a wide host range. F. tularensis ssp.

Autologous endothelialisation by the stromal vascular fraction on laminin-bioconjugated nanocellulose-alginate scaffolds.

Establishing a vascular network in biofabricated tissue grafts is essential for ensuring graft survival. Such networks are dependent on the ability of the scaffold material to facilitate endothelial cell adhesion; however, the clinical translation potential of tissue-engineered scaffolds is hindered by the lack of available autologous sources of vascular cells. Here, we present a novel approach to achieving autologous endothelialisation in nanocellulose-based scaffolds by using adipose tissue-derived vascular cells on nanocellulose-based scaffolds.

Quantitative chemometric phenotyping of three-dimensional liver organoids by Raman spectral imaging.

Confocal Raman spectral imaging (RSI) enables high-content, label-free visualization of a wide range of molecules in biological specimens without sample preparation. However, reliable quantification of the deconvoluted spectra is needed. Here we develop an integrated bioanalytical methodology, qRamanomics, to qualify RSI as a tissue phantom calibrated tool for quantitative spatial chemotyping of major classes of biomolecules.