The effectiveness of antenatal education on improving labour and birth outcomes - A systematic review and meta-analysis.

Background: The World Health Organisation has suggested antenatal education be integrated within standard antenatal care. However, evidence for the impact of antenatal education varies. This systematic review and meta-analysis evaluated randomised controlled trial evidence regarding the influence of antenatal education on labour and birth outcomes.

Cellulose consolidated with polyethylene glycol: The nanoscale mechanisms revealed by hybrid Monte Carlo/molecular dynamics modeling.

Polyethylene glycol (PEG) consolidation treatment is a widely used conservation strategy for wooden culture relics. However, the consolidation mechanism of PEG is still open to interpretation. PEG-cellulose, the representative component of wood cell wall, interactions are governed by various coupled multi-scale mechanisms which require nano-scale investigation.

Empathic communication skills training to reduce lung cancer stigma: Study protocol of a cluster randomized control trial.

Background: Prior research demonstrates that nearly all (95 %) people with lung cancer (PwLC) report stigma, and approximately half (48 %) PwLC experience stigma during clinical encounters with oncology care providers (OCPs). When stigma is experienced in a medical context, it can have undesirable consequences including patients' delaying and underreporting of symptoms, misreporting of smoking behavior, and avoiding help-seeking such as psychosocial support and cessation counseling. Multi-level interventions are needed to prevent and mitigate lung cancer stigma.

Does Diabetes Have a Negative Impact on Erectile Function Recovery After Radical Prostatectomy?

Objective: To quantify the risk of long-term post-radical prostatectomy (RP) erectile dysfunction (ED) in men with diabetes mellitus (DM).

Methods: We included men who underwent RP and were followed for ≥24 months at our institution; men were excluded if they received androgen deprivation therapy or radiation therapy. Erectile function recovery (EFR) was assessed using the International Index of Erectile Function (IIEF) Erectile Function Domain (EFD) score pre-RP and serially during follow-up.

Utilizing a patient advocacy-led clinical network to engage diverse, community-based sites in implementation-effectiveness research.

Background: Increased engagement with community-based practices is a promising strategy for increasing clinical trials access of diverse patient populations. In this study we assessed the ability to utilize a patient-advocacy organization led clinical network to engage diverse practices as field sites for clinical research.

Methods: GO2 for Lung Cancer led recruitment efforts of 17 field sites from their Centers of Excellence in Lung Cancer Screening Network for participation in an implementation-effectiveness trial focused on smoking cessation integration into screening programs for lung cancer.

Exonic Short Interspersed Nuclear Element Insertion in Is Associated with Autosomal Recessive Progressive Retinal Atrophy in the English Shepherd.

Progressive retinal atrophies (PRAs) are a genetically heterogeneous group of inherited eye diseases that affect over 100 breeds of dog. The initial clinical sign is visual impairment in scotopic conditions, as a consequence of rod photoreceptor cell degeneration. Photopic vision degeneration then follows, due to progression of the disease to the cone photoreceptors, and ultimately results in complete blindness.

Using language to identify a bladder pain component in women with Dysmenorrhoea-Related Pelvic Pain: A cross-sectional study.

Background: Dysmenorrhoea-Related Pelvic Pain (DRPP) is a common condition, which may or may not include bladder-related symptoms. Primary health care practitioners (PHCP) rely heavily on language for diagnosis of DRPP-related conditions. However, there are no established pain descriptors to assist PHCP to determine whether an individual's DRPP may include a bladder component.

Development and Validation of a Survey to Assess Sexual Health in Female Partners of Patients with Prostate Cancer.

Background: Prostate cancer (PCa) diagnosis and treatment can have a significant negative impact on sexual health, affecting patients and their partners; however, the impact on partners is insufficiently addressed in current practice.

Objective: We describe the development and validation of an instrument to measure sexual health in female partners of patients with PCa.

Design, Setting, And Participants: Questions assessing sexual health were developed through a literature review, two qualitative studies, and an expert consensus process.

Exploring the role of cancer fatalism and engagement with skin cancer genetic information in diverse primary care patients.

Objective: To broaden the currently limited reach of genomic innovations, research is needed to understand how psychosocial and cultural factors influence reactions to genetic testing in diverse subgroups. Cancer fatalism is important in cancer prevention and deserves theoretical and empirical attention in the context of genomics and behavior change.

Methods: The current study employed data from a randomized controlled trial (N = 593) offering skin cancer genetic testing (using the melanocortin-1 receptor [MC1R] gene) in primary care in Albuquerque, New Mexico, USA.

Cognitive effects of long-term androgen deprivation therapy in older men with prostate cancer.

Objective: Androgen deprivation therapy (ADT) is a common treatment for prostate cancer (PCa), with increasing numbers of men on ADT for longer. Limited evidence suggests ADT impacts cognition. This study addressed gaps in the literature by focusing on older men with PCa and assessing ADT usage longer than 1 year.

Analysis of diurnal variation in serum testosterone levels in men with symptoms of testosterone deficiency.

Background: Testosterone (T) plays a crucial role in various physiological functions in men, and understanding the variations in T levels during the day is essential for diagnosing and treating testosterone deficiency (TD).

Aim: We sought to evaluate the reduction in serum total T (TT) levels throughout the day in men with symptoms of testosterone deficiency and to determine the variables having an impact on the extent of this decline.

Methods: The study population consisted of a group of men who within 3 months of each other had all undergone both early morning and afternoon TT level measurements.

A randomized controlled trial of a distress screening, consultation, and targeted referral system for family caregivers in oncologic care.

Objective: Distress screening is standard practice among oncology patients, yet few routine distress screening programs exist for cancer caregivers. The objective of this study was to demonstrate the feasibility, acceptability, and preliminary efficacy of Cancer Support Source-Caregiver (CSS-CG, 33-item), an electronic distress screening and automated referral program with a consultation (S + C) to improve caregiver unmet needs, quality of life, anxiety, depression, and distress relative to Enhanced Usual Care (EUC; access to educational materials).

Method: 150 caregivers of patients with varying sites/stages of cancer were randomized to S + C or EUC and completed assessments at baseline, 3-months post-baseline, and 6-months post-baseline.

Unmet Sexual Health Resource Needs and Preferences for Interventions to Address These Needs Among Female Partners of Patients With Prostate Cancer.

Objective: To characterize unmet sexual health resource needs and preferences for interventions to address unmet needs among female partners of patients with prostate cancer (PCa), given the significant negative impact of PCa on the sexual health of partners.

Methods: We conducted an exploratory sequential mixed methods study of female partners recruited from multiple U.S.

Multiocular defect in the Old English Sheepdog: A canine form of Stickler syndrome type II associated with a missense variant in the collagen-type gene COL11A1.

Multiocular defect has been described in different canine breeds, including the Old English Sheepdog. Affected dogs typically present with multiple and various ocular abnormalities. We carried out whole genome sequencing on an Old English Sheepdog that had been diagnosed with hereditary cataracts at the age of five and then referred to a board-certified veterinary ophthalmologist due to owner-reported visual deterioration.

The association of lower urinary tract symptoms with schizophrenia and its treatments: A narrative review.

Background: A higher incidence of lower urinary tract symptoms (LUTS) in people with schizophrenia compared to the general population is often suggested. However, it is not clear whether this is a genuine association, and whether it is a direct result of schizophrenia itself, or a side-effect of certain antipsychotics.

Methods: We undertook a narrative review evaluating how the published literature reports the relationship between LUTS and schizophrenia and its treatments.

Treatment Patterns and Outcomes in Pancreatic Cancer: A Comparative Analysis of Ontario and the USA.

Background: Comparative studies evaluating quality of care in different healthcare systems can guide reform initiatives. This study seeks to characterize best practices by comparing utilization and outcomes for patients with pancreatic cancer (PC) in the USA and Ontario, Canada.

Methods: Patients (age ≥ 66 years) with PC were identified from the Ontario Cancer Registry and SEER-Medicare databases from 2006 to 2015.

Geriatric Communication Skills Training Program for Oncology Healthcare Providers: a Secondary Analysis of Patient and Caregiver Outcomes.

Geriatric cancer patients and their caregivers have unique needs that make it difficult for their healthcare providers (HCPs) to effectively communicate with them. As ineffective communication can lead to negative health outcomes, it is important that oncology HCPs receive specialized training on communication with older adult patients and their caregivers. We conducted a small pilot study examining audio recordings of clinical encounters between HCPs and older adult cancer patients/caregivers and questionnaires completed by the patients and their caregivers before and after the HCPs participated in a geriatric communication skills training program.

Tobacco treatment specialists' knowledge, attitudes and beliefs about lung cancer screening: Potential piece of the puzzle for increasing lung cancer screening awareness.

Objectives: Less than 5% of eligible U.S. individuals undergo lung cancer screening (LCS).

Cognitive Aging in Older Breast Cancer Survivors.

Background: Cancer and cancer treatments may affect aging processes, altering the trajectory of cognitive aging, but the extant studies are limited in their intervals of assessment (two-five years). We studied the cognitive performance of a cohort of survivors and controls aged from 60 to 89 years utilizing cross-sectional cognitive performance data as an indicator of potential aging trajectories and contrasted these trends with longitudinal data collected over two years.

Methods: Female breast cancer survivors who had been diagnosed and treated at age 60 or older and were 5- to 15-year survivors (N = 328) and non-cancer controls (N = 158) were assessed at enrollment and at 8, 16, and 24 months with standard neuropsychological tests and comprehensive geriatric assessment.

A survey of statistical methods utilized for analysis of randomized controlled trials of behavioral interventions.

Objectives: Given the many statistical analysis options used for randomized controlled trials (RCTs) of behavioral interventions and the lack of clear guidance for analysis selection, the present study aimed to characterize the predominate statistical analyses utilized in RCTs in palliative care and behavioral research and to highlight the relative strengths and weaknesses of each of these methods as guidance for future researchers and reform.

Methods: All RCTs published between 2015 and 2021 were systematically extracted from 4 behavioral medicine journals and analyzed based on prespecified inclusion criteria. Two independent raters classified each of the manuscripts into 1 of 5 RCT analysis strategies.