Associations of family socioeconomic indicators and physical activity of primary school-aged children: a systematic review.

Background: Family socioeconomic indicators (education, occupation, and household income) are key determinants influencing children's physical activity (PA). This study aims to systematically review the current research about the association between family socioeconomic indicators and PA among primary school-aged children and to quantify the distribution of reported associations by childs' and parents' sex and according to analysis and assessment methods.

Methods: A systematic literature research in multiple scientific databases (MEDLINE via PubMed, Web of Science, ScienceDirect, SPORTDiscus and ERIC) was performed for literature published between 1st January 2010 and 31st March 2022.

Case management-based post-stroke care for patients with acute stroke and TIA (SOS-Care): a prospective cohort study.

Background: The high incidence of stroke recurrence necessitates effective post-stroke care. This study investigates the effectiveness of a case management-based post-stroke care program in patients with acute stroke and TIA.

Methods: In this prospective cohort study, patients with TIA, ischemic stroke or intracerebral hemorrhage were enrolled into a 12-month case management-based program (SOS-Care) along with conventional care.

"TiC-TUG": technology in clinical practice using the instrumented timed up and go test-a scoping review.

Digitized assessments have a considerable potential to guide clinicial decision making and monitor progress and disease trajectories. The Timed Up and Go test (TUG) has been long established for assessment in geriatric medicine and instrumented versions (iTUG) have been developed and validated. This scoping review includes studies that applied the iTUG and aims to identify use cases to show where and how iTUG assessment could guide interventions and clinical management.

Non-Athletic Cohorts Enrolled in Longitudinal Whole-Body Electromyostimulation Trials-An Evidence Map.

Whole-body electromyostimulation (WB-EMS) can be considered as a time-efficient, joint-friendly, and highly customizable training technology that attracts a wide range of users. The present evidence map aims to provide an overview of different non-athletic cohorts addressed in WB-EMS research. Based on a comprehensive systematic search according to PRISMA, eighty-six eligible longitudinal trials were identified that correspond with our eligibility criteria.

Cognitive, physical and emotional determinants of activities of daily living in nursing home residents-a cross-sectional study within the PROCARE-project.

Background: Interdependencies of health, fitness, cognition, and emotion can promote or inhibit mobility. This study aimed to analyse pathways and interactions between individual subjective and objective physical performance, cognition, and emotions with activities of daily living (ADLs) as mobility indicators in multimorbid nursing home residents.

Methods: The study included n = 448 (77.

[Update of the recommendations of the Federal Falls Prevention Initiative-Identification and prevention of the risk of falling in older people living at home].

Background: To reduce falls and their consequences, evidence-based and consensus-based recommendations are needed for risk stratification, screening, assessment, and fall prevention as well as treatment. In 2020, the Federal Falls Prevention Initiative (BIS) published recommendations for physical training for falls prevention as a group or individual intervention for older people living at home. In 2022, the world guidelines for falls prevention and management for older adults (WFG) were published.

Endovascular Treatment for Acute Isolated Internal Carotid Artery Occlusion : A Propensity Score Matched Multicenter Study.

Purpose: The benefit of endovascular treatment (EVT) in patients with acute symptomatic isolated occlusion of the internal carotid artery (ICA) without involvement of the middle and anterior cerebral arteries is unclear. We aimed to compare clinical and safety outcomes of best medical treatment (BMT) versus EVT + BMT in patients with stroke due to isolated ICA occlusion.

Methods: We conducted a retrospective multicenter study involving patients with isolated ICA occlusion between January 2016 and December 2020.

Risk factors for multimorbidity in adulthood: A systematic review.

Background: Multimorbidity, the coexistence of multiple chronic diseases in an individual, is highly prevalent and challenging for healthcare systems. However, its risk factors remain poorly understood.

Objective: To systematically review studies reporting multimorbidity risk factors.

Identification of patients at high risk for brain death using an automated digital screening tool: a prospective diagnostic accuracy study.

Background: An automated digital screening tool (DETECT) has been developed to aid in the early identification of patients who are at risk of developing brain death during critical care.

Methods: This prospective diagnostic accuracy study included consecutive patients ≥ 18 years admitted to neurocritical care for primary or secondary acute brain injury. The DETECT screening tool searched routinely monitored patient data in the electronic medical records every 12 h for a combination of coma and absence of bilateral pupillary light reflexes.

Assessment and Therapeutic Modulation of Heart Rate Variability: Potential Implications in Patients with COVID-19.

Cardiac damage has been attributed to SARS-CoV-2-related pathology contributing to increased risk of vascular events. Heart rate variability (HRV) is a parameter of functional neurocardiac integrity with low HRV constituting an independent predictor of cardiovascular mortality. Whether structural cardiac damage translates into neurocardiac dysfunction in patients infected with SARS-CoV-2 remains poorly understood.

Health status, resources, and job demands in geriatric nursing staff: A cross-sectional study on determinants and relationships.

Background: According to current estimates, the number of people needing care will double in the next 40 years. It is expected that between 130,000 and 190,000 additional nurses will be needed by 2030 in Germany. Physical and psychological burdens associated with nursing in long-term care facilities can develop into serious health risk factors and significantly impact occupational factors such as absenteeism, especially when linked to difficult working conditions.

[Postoperative management following decompressive hemicraniectomy for malignant middle cerebral artery infarction-A German nationwide survey study].

Background: Malignant middle cerebral artery infarction is a potentially life-threatening disease. Decompressive hemicraniectomy constitutes an evidence-based treatment practice, especially in patients under 60 years of age; however, recommendations with respect to postoperative management and particularly duration of postoperative sedation lack standardization.

Objective: This survey study aimed to analyze the current situation of patients with malignant middle cerebral artery infarction following hemicraniectomy in the neurointensive care setting.

Validation of the German version of the Protein Screener 55.

Background/objectives: The Protein Screener 55 + (Pro55 + ) is a brief food questionnaire to screen older community-dwelling adults for low protein intake. The result is the predicted probability of protein intake <1.0 g/kg adjusted body weight (aBW)/d ranging from 0-1.

Exercise and the prevention of major osteoporotic fractures in adults: a systematic review and meta-analysis with special emphasis on intensity progression and study duration.

Unlabelled: The role of exercise in preventing osteoporotic fractures is vague, and further recommendations for optimized exercise protocols are very rare. In the present work, we provided positive evidence for exercise effects on the number of osteoporotic fractures in adults, albeit without observing any significant relevance of intensity progression or study duration.

Introduction: Osteoporotic fractures are a major challenge confronting our aging society.

Exercise Reduces the Number of Overall and Major Osteoporotic Fractures in Adults. Does Supervision Make a Difference? Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis.

The purpose of this systematic review and meta-analysis (PROSPERO ID: CRD42021250467) was to evaluate the effects of exercise on low-trauma overall and major osteoporotic fractures (hip, spine, forearm, or humerus fractures) and to determine the corresponding effect of supervision of the exercise program. Our systematic search of six literature databases according to the PRISMA guideline was conducted from January 1, 2013 (ie, date of our last search) to May 22, 2021, and included controlled clinical exercise trials with (i) individuals aged ≥45 years, (ii) cohorts without therapies/diseases related to fractures, (iii) observation periods of ≥3 months, and (iv) the number of low-trauma fractures listed separately for the exercise (EG) and control (CG) groups. We included 20 intervention studies with 21 EGs and 20 CGs comprising a pooled number of participant-years of n = 11.

Frailty in Nursing Homes-A Prospective Study Comparing the FRAIL-NH and the Clinical Frailty Scale.

Objectives: Frailty is common in nursing home (NH) residents, but its prevalence in German institutions is unknown. Valid and easy-to-use screening tools are needed to identify frail residents. We used the FRAIL-NH scale and the Clinical Frailty Scale (CFS) to (1) obtain the prevalence of frailty, (2) investigate the agreement between both instruments, and (3) evaluate their predictive validity for adverse health events in German NH residents.

Outcomes addressed in randomized controlled lifestyle intervention trials in community-dwelling older people with (sarcopenic) obesity-An evidence map.

Obesity and sarcopenic obesity (SO) are characterized by excess body fat with or without low muscle mass affecting bio-psycho-social health, functioning, and subsequently quality of life in older adults. We mapped outcomes addressed in randomized controlled trials (RCTs) on lifestyle interventions in community-dwelling older people with (sarcopenic) obesity. Systematic searches in Medline, Embase, Cochrane Central, CINAHL, PsycInfo, Web of Science were conducted.

Feasibility and Safety of Whole-Body Electromyostimulation in Frail Older People-A Pilot Trial.

Whole-body electromyostimulation (WB-EMS) induces high-intense stimuli to skeletal muscles with low strain on joints and the autonomic nervous system and may thus be suitable for frail, older people. However, if trained at very high intensities, WB-EMS may damage muscles and kidneys (rhabdomyolysis). This study aimed at investigating the feasibility, safety and preliminary efficacy of WB-EMS in frail, older people.

Effects of different exercise intensity on bone mineral density in adults: a comparative systematic review and meta-analysis.

Purpose: The primary objective of the present systematic review and meta-analysis was to determine the effect of differing exercise intensity on (areal) bone mineral density (BMD) at lumbar spine and hip in adults by a comparative meta-analysis.

Methods: A systematic review of the literature according to the PRISMA statement included: (a) exercise trials, (b) with ≥two study arms that compared different exercise intensities, (c) intervention ≥6 months, (d) BMD assessments at lumbar spine (LS) or hip. Five electronic databases were scanned without language restrictions up to July 2021.

Mobility endpoints in marketing authorisation of drugs: what gets the European medicines agency moving?

Background: Mobility is defined as the ability to independently move around the environment and is a key contributor to quality of life, especially in older age. The aim of this study was to evaluate the use of mobility as a decisive outcome for the marketing authorisation of drugs by the European Medicines Agency (EMA).

Methods: Fifteen therapeutic areas which commonly lead to relevant mobility impairments and alter the quantity and/or the quality of walking were selected: two systemic neurological diseases, four conditions primarily affecting exercise capacity, seven musculoskeletal diseases and two conditions representing sensory impairments.

Pathophysiology of Cardiac Injury in COVID-19 Patients with Acute Ischaemic Stroke: What Do We Know So Far?-A Review of the Current Literature.

With the onset of the COVID-19 pandemic, it became apparent that, in addition to pulmonary infection, extrapulmonary manifestations such as cardiac injury and acute cerebrovascular events are frequent in patients infected with SARS-CoV-2, worsening clinical outcome. We reviewed the current literature on the pathophysiology of cardiac injury and its association with acute ischaemic stroke. Several hypotheses on heart and brain axis pathology in the context of stroke related to COVID-19 were identified.

Exercise Effects on Bone Mineral Density in Men.

In contrast to postmenopausal women, evidence for a favorable effect of exercise on Bone Mineral Density (BMD) is still limited for men. This might be due to the paucity of studies, but also to the great variety of participants and study characteristics that may dilute study results. The aim of the present systematic review and meta-analysis was to evaluate the effect of exercise on BMD changes with rational eligibility criteria.

The effect of different training frequency on bone mineral density in older adults. A comparative systematic review and meta-analysis.

Exercise frequency is a key aspect of exercise protocols. In this systematic review and meta-analysis, we determined the effect of training frequency on (areal) bone mineral density (BMD) at lumbar spine (LS) and hip. Reviewing seven electronic databases up to April 2021, we conducted a systematic review of the literature according to the PRISMA statement.

Change of physical activity parameters of hip and pelvic fracture patients during inpatient rehabilitation and after discharge: analysis of global and in-depth parameters.

Background: A growing number of older adults suffer hip and pelvic fractures leading to hospital admission. They often result in reduced physical activity (PA) and impaired mobility. PA can be objectively measured with body-worn sensors.