How Ohio public library systems respond to opioid-related substance use: a descriptive analysis of survey results.

Background: Public libraries in the United States have experienced increases in opioid-related substance use in their communities and on their premises. This includes fatal and non-fatal overdose events. Some libraries have adopted response measures in their branches to deter substance use or prevent overdose.

Assessing pain-the invisible, long-haul polio symptom.

Chronic pain is a common problem for polio survivors. Nurses are on the front line to assess the scope, severity, and impact of reported pain. This article describes how nurses can advocate for patients experiencing post-polio syndrome pain.

GUIDELINES FOR APPROPRIATELY USING Scripture at the Bedside.

The losses patients experience are spiritual, as well as physical, events. Christian nurses are ideally situated to integrate calming biblical truths into dialogue with patients and family members when appropriate. This article discusses how Scripture can be used at the bedside with patients or families who want this type of spiritual care.

Experiences of the dying.

It is often a mystery to us how we have come to know and believe in certain things. Beliefs are like guests who come up to a door. They come in only if the host opens it and invites them in.

Continuing education policy and budgets: a survey of tenets and practice.

Continuing education offerings for nurses are essential to ensure competency of staff practicing in a changing health care environment. Fiscal constraint, coupled with staff shortages, has led institutions to examine carefully administrative support for continuing education. This study describes current trends in midwestern institutions' continuing education policy and budget support.

Teaching the nurse to teach with health information videos.

Using health information videos is a common way to teach hospitalized patients. This article describes a study of medical and surgical patients in an acute care hospital. In Phase I, patients' frequency of Patient Health Information Television use and their knowledge of programs and scheduling were evaluated.

Detection of individual Peyer's patch T cells that produce interleukin-5 and interferon-gamma.

A method was developed to detect individual interferon-gamma (IFN-gamma)- and interleukin-5 (IL-5)-producing cells among freshly isolated T cell populations and long term lines of CD4+ Peyer's patch T cells using frozen semi-thin sections of paraformaldehyde fixed-T cells and immunofluorescence techniques. Using this method, individual CD4+ Peyer's patch T cells could be shown to produce IFN-gamma, characteristic of the T helper 1 (Th1) T cell type, IL-5, characteristic of the T helper 2 (Th2) T cell type, as well as both IFN-gamma and IL-5. These data support the notion that Th1 and Th2 cells derive from a common T cell precursor.

Interleukin 5 is a differentiation factor for IgA B cells.

Interleukin 5 (IL5) stimulates murine B cells to IgA production in vitro. The present study examined the B cell target of IL5 activity, and asked whether IL5 acts as an isotype switch factor, a growth factor, or a differentiation factor on B cells that produce the IgA isotype. Lipopolysaccharide-activated surface IgM-positive, surface IgA-positive or surface IgA-negative B cell populations from spleen or Peyer's patches were stimulated with IL5, after which the expression of cell surface IgA, IgA secretion, and numbers of IgA-secreting cells were determined.

Vicia villosa agglutinin separates freshly isolated Peyer's Patch T cells into interleukin 5- or interleukin 2-producing subsets.

Murine L3T4 T cells freshly isolated from Peyer's Patch were fractionated based on differential adherence to Vicia villosa agglutinin (VVA). VVA adherent cells secreted IL-5, but not IL-2, after stimulation with Con A and IL-1. In striking contrast, VVA nonadherent PP L3T4 T cells secreted IL-2, but not IL-5, under the same conditions.