[Whole body computer tomography in the planning and follow-up of radiation therapy (author's transl)].

Whole body computer tomography provides accurate transverse sections of the areas to be irradiated in the position used for irradiation. The method has been used in 167 patients with malignant tumours in various parts of the body on a routine basis. Actual-size cuts allowed accurate delineation of the tumour or of the area to be irradiated with its neighbouring organs in 135 patients; in 66 patients CT scanning probided additional information regarding the extent of the tumour.

[Comparative examination by means of radiograms and computer tomograms on body-like phantoms with equivalent tissues (author's transl)].

A comparative examination of three Alderson phantoms by means of radiograms and computer tomograms shows that there are significant differences between the individual phantoms. Phantom I, for example, is inferior to phantom II because of the bad insertion of the bones into the surrounding plastic material (covered by air bubbles) and the inclusions of air in the soft parts. All phantoms have a rather strong osteoporosis of the skeleton which is most probably due to the production method [1,2].

[Pendulum irradiation of the middle part of the esophagus with rapid electrons and ultrahard X-rays (author's transl)].

In order to find out whether the moving field irradiation with rapid electrons and ultrahard X-rays of a 42 MeV betatron is suitable for the radiotherapy of the esophagus carcinoma, we took measurements on the Alderson phantom. By both methods--irradiation with rapid electrons as well as mono-axial pendulum irradiatin with ultra-hard X-rays--we did not achieve a satisfactory dose distribution, because lung segments of different sizes or the spinal marrow were reached by a relative dose which was too high. The bisegmental pendulum irradiation is the only one which leads to a dose distribution producing a good concentration in the target volume and sparing the surrounding tissues.

[Cardio-pulmonary parameters after myocardial infarction in the late period of recovery. Investigation at rest and during exercise (author's transl)].

From 22 patients in the late period of recovery from myocardial infarction, cardio-pulmonary data were recorded at rest and during exercise. The physical work was increased stepwise until patients reached their individual limit of exercise. According to the different work capacity four groups of patients were formed with the aim to demonstrate the adaption processes of cardio-pulmonary parameters until reaching the peak of work capacity.

[Depth therapy with electrons in the thoracic region. V. Dosimetric studies with telecentric small-angle pendulous irradiation (author's transl)].

The conditions of dose distribution in telecentric small-angle pendulous electron irradiation of the thoracic region are reported on the basis of isodoses experimentally found using a phantom. Electron energies from 20 to 42 MeV were used, the axial depth amounted to 20 to 30 cm, the pendulous angles to 30 degrees, 40 degrees, or 60 degrees and the field breadth was 3 or 4 cm. Irradiations were performed monaxially as well as biaxially.

[Computed tomography of the whole body as a means of radiation planning (author's transl)].

Computed tomography of the whole body offers the first possibility to obtain individual tomographs with high resolution and in correct scale from all regions of the body. Using the "Sicograph", large-sized copies are obtained, which are therefore particularly useful for radiation planning. The size and location of tumors relative to critical organs can be determined exactly.

[Pulmonary gas exchange after myocardial infarction in the late period of recovery. I. Investigation at rest].

In the late period of recovery after myocardial infarction (13-25 months p. infarctum) lung function of 23 patients was examined at rest. Spirometric values and parameters of pulmonary gas exchange showed alterations caused by pathological left ventricular function.

[An ultrastructural study of the adrenal cortex in Cushing's syndrome without and with hyperaldosteronism].

This paper reports ultrastructural comparision of the adrenal gland zones of a rare case of a combination from Cushing's syndrome and hyperaldosteronism with a pure Cushing's syndrom and with a normal human adrenal gland. Whilst between the zona glomerulosa of the normal adrenal gland and of the Cushing's syndrom there are no differences, the morphological state of the glomerulosa cells of the Cushing's syndrom in combination with hyperaldosteronism is interpreted as an inhibition of the activity of these cells. In the cells of the hyperplastic zona fasciculata of Cushing's syndrom in combination with hyperaldosteronism, there are no electronmicroscopical characteristics, who are morphological equivalent of the production of aldosterone.

[Nomogram for the determination of arterial oxygen partial pressure of man in relation to high altitude and in dependence from age (author's transl)].

If somebody ascends from sea level to higher altitude within a short time, the change of the atmospheric conditions can be a danger for his life. Therefore, a nomogram was constructed which allows to read off the arterial oxygen partial pressures and the corresponding arterial oxygen saturation in relation to altitude. On the basis of the oxygen partial pressure of the atmosphere determined by steps of 500 m from sea level up to an antitude of 10,000 m, we calculated the decrease of the oxygen partial pressure from the inspired air to the arterial blood.