Dosage dependency of intravitreal triamcinolone acetonide as treatment for diabetic macular oedema.

Aim: To evaluate the effect of different doses of intravitreal triamcinolone acetonide on diffuse diabetic macular oedema.

Methods: The prospective, randomised, double masked, clinical interventional study included 27 eyes (27 patients) with diffuse diabetic macular oedema. They were randomly divided into three study groups receiving an intravitreal injection of filtered triamcinolone acetonide of about 2 mg (n = 8 eyes), 5 mg (n = 10), or 13 mg (n = 9), respectively.

Triamcinolone acetonide concentration after filtration of the solvent agent.

Purpose: To determine the amount of triamcinolone acetonide and the preservative benzyl alcohol after filtration.

Design: Laboratory investigation.

Methods: The probes were prepared by two different hospital pharmacies.

Ranking of optic disc variables for detection of glaucomatous optic nerve damage.

Purpose: To describe optic disc variables assessed by evaluation of clinical optic disc photographs and to compare sensitivity and specificity of these optic disc parameters in identifying patients with ocular hypertension who have nerve fiber layer defects and normal visual fields and patients with visual field defects.

Methods: The study included 500 normal subjects, 132 patients with ocular hypertension with retinal nerve fiber layer defects and normal visual fields (preperimetric glaucoma), and 840 patients with glaucomatous visual field defects. Color stereo optic disc photographs were morphometrically evaluated.

[Retinal nerve fiber layer photography and papillometry in juvenile diabetes mellitus].

Chronic complications in diabetes mellitus are angiopathy and neuropathy. The appearance of microangiopathy on angiographical examination with fluorescein has been understood to be a very important prognostic sign in cases of juvenile diabetes mellitus. There are few reports of changes in the retinal nerve fiber layer or optic disc.

[Retinal nerve fiber layer photography in retinal vein occlusion].

In six eyes we found typical signs that could serve as criteria for the differentiation of ischemic from non-ischemic retinal branch vein occlusion. Perimetry showed a mean defect (in the affected area) of more than 10 dB in eyes with defects in the retinal nerve fiber layer in contrast with 5 dB on one eye without nerve fiber defects. Secondly, fluorescein angiography showed ischemic areas in all eyes examined with localized defects in the photographs of the retinal nerve fiber layer.

[Diagnostic references in optic nerve diseases using retinal nerve fiber photography].

Two patients with optic nerve disease are reported. The first patient was 20 years old and had suffered a closed head injury 1 year earlier. She presented with an incongruous right hemianopsia; retinal nerve fiber layer photography disclosed an infragenicular lesion and descending atrophy of the medial postchiasmal parts of the optic tract.

[Diagnosis of glaucoma using retinal nerve fiber photography].

Clinical valuable retinal nerve fiber layer (RNFL) pictures are possible with every fundus camera when using the excitation or green filter. The conclusions follow by projection of the black-and-white print film. The more expensive production of paper prints is not always necessary for the judgement of the RNFL.

Ophthalmic surgical complications in Werner's syndrome: report on 18 eyes of nine patients.

In ten of 18 eyes from nine patients with Werner's syndrome cataract surgery was complicated by wound dehiscence and its consequences: peripheral anterior synechiae (4X), secondary epiretinal gliosis (4X), cystoid macular edema (3X) in the framework of Hruby-Irvine-Gass syndrome, unplanned filtering bleb (2X), and postoperative anterior ischemic optic neuropathy (1X). Additionally, corneal endothelial decompensation occurred in eight eyes. In view of the fibroblasts' reduced growth potential, we suggest small surgical incisions, extracapsular cataract surgery using phacoemulsification, intraocular irrigation solutions protecting corneal endothelium, nonabsorbable single knot sutures not removed before 1 year after surgery, and no local or systemic use of cortisone.

[Weather influences on intraocular pressure in patients with chronic glaucoma or ocular hypertension].

From January 1979 to August 1984 intraocular pressure (IOP) was measured on the first Friday of each month under comparable conditions (same instruments, nearly always the same examiner) in a total of 109 patients in whom a primary chronic open-angle glaucoma or ocular hypertension had been diagnosed: The IOP was correlated to the local weather parameters (atmospheric pressure, cloud cover, relative air humidity, mean, maximum and minimum temperature, precipitation, duration of sunshine, mean and maximum wind velocity). In the large number of measurements a significant correlation was found only between IOP and atmospheric pressure: IOP was lower when air pressure was high. There was only a suggestion of a significant correlation between IOP and relative air humidity.

[Metipranolol in the prevention of intraocular pressure elevation after cataract extraction].

Elevated intraocular pressure during the first few days after routine intracapsular cataract extraction with and without alpha-chymotrypsin is a well-known symptom. A prospective, double-blind study was conducted to determine whether Metipranolol would prevent this increase in pressure. In 40 eyes which underwent routine, uncomplicated cataract extraction a drop of either Metipranolol 0,6% or placebo was administered before and during the first days after surgery.

[Norrie syndrome (author's transl)].

The Norrie syndrome, an x-chromosomal linked, recessive genetic disease, is described using ophthalmologic and genetic examinations of a family in three generations. The main symptom of this syndrome is retinal detachment with hemorrhages, which generally leads to blindness in early childhood. In addition to this, in 25--35% of the cases mental retardation and hearing problems are found.

[Retrolental fibroplasia: retrospective study (author's transl)].

Retrolental fibroplasia (RLF) is an iatrogenic disease of immature or dystrophic newborns who had been given oxygen treatment. Exchange transfusions seem to be of aetiological importance because they change the oxygen dissociation curve. Oxygen treatment of the newborn requires exact monitoring which can be done only in specially equipped departments.

[Tension under controlled conditions in the encircling operation (author's transl)].

The complications, which occur in encircling-operations, such as String-Syndrome, scleral Nekrosis, glaucoma-development (due to narrowing the anterior chamber) as well as closure of the central artery most frequently happen, when the globe has been tightened too much. From the calculations we have make using the cerclage element in reducing the circumference and volume (Fig. 2) we have shown that an identation of the sclera more than 3 mm deep is not advisable.