Predicting the next pandemic: VACCELERATE ranking of the WorldHealth Organization's Blueprint forAction toPreventEpidemics.

Introduction: The World Health Organization (WHO)'s Research and Development (R&D) Blueprint for Action to Prevent Epidemics, a plan of action, highlighted several infectious diseases as crucial targets for prevention. These infections were selected based on a thorough assessment of factors such as transmissibility, infectivity, severity, and evolutionary potential. In line with this blueprint, the VACCELERATE Site Network approached infectious disease experts to rank the diseases listed in the WHO R&D Blueprint according to their perceived risk of triggering a pandemic.

Qualitative assessment of COVID-19 vaccination acceptance among healthcare workers in Pima County.

In the Spring of 2021, the COVID-19 vaccination was authorized for emergency use by the Food and Drug Administration. Healthcare workers (HCWs) are one of the most trusted sources of information for vaccination choices. However, HCWs at this time appeared to continue to have lower rates of COVID-19 vaccination uptake than expected in Arizona.

Vaccine uptake in 20 countries in Europe 2020: Focus on tick-borne encephalitis (TBE).

Vaccination as a highly effective measure to protect against tick-borne encephalitis (TBE) comes into new focus as known risk areas are expanding across Europe and Asia. Here we present an online household survey conducted in 20 European countries spanning endemic and non-endemic regions of TBE in 2020. With a comprehensive and standardized list of questions, this survey provided a unique opportunity to compare TBE/TBE vaccine awareness, TBE severity perception, vaccine uptake, vaccination completeness/compliance and motivators/barriers for vaccination across Europe.

In a double-bind: Time-space distanciation, socioeconomic status, and coping with financial stress in the United States.

Psychological research has shown that lower socioeconomic status (SES) individuals experience higher levels of stress and tend to cope in more present-oriented ways. While some research in the field has sought to, for instance, increase future-oriented ways of being among lower SES individuals, we argue that such approaches may come at significant cost. We consider the construct of time-space distanciation (TSD) - the normative way in which time and space are abstracted from one another at cultural and individual levels - as a way to complicate psychological research on social class, stress, and coping.

Effectiveness of TBE vaccination in southern Germany and Latvia.

Background: Tick-borne encephalitis (TBE) is a vaccine-preventable disease which may cause long-term sequelae and even death. The data on the long-term effectiveness of TBE vaccines are limited. Additionally, the vaccination schedule is complex which in part contributes towards sub-optimal uptake in TBE-endemic areas.

TBE Vaccination Breakthrough Cases-Does Age Matter?

Tick-borne encephalitis (TBE) vaccines are highly effective in preventing TBE and vaccine failures (VF) are rare events. In this study, we compared the age distribution of TBE cases and TBE VF in three endemic countries: Sweden, Southern Germany, and Latvia. While the age distribution of TBE cases was similar for those <50 years versus those ≥50 years in all three countries, in Sweden, a higher proportion of VF cases was ≥50 years, whereas most VF cases in Latvia were <50 years of age and more evenly distributed between those <50 years versus those ≥50 in Southern Germany.

Can the booster interval for the tick-borne encephalitis (TBE) vaccine 'FSME-IMMUN' be prolonged? - A systematic review.

Tick-borne encephalitis (TBE) vaccines are effective and well tolerated. However, their acceptance and use by the public in endemic areas are suboptimal. To some extent this is due to the complicated dosing schedule requiring frequent boosters at variable intervals that even change with age.

Chronic environmental contamination: A narrative review of psychosocial health consequences, risk factors, and pathways to community resilience.

A body of psychological and social scientific evidence suggests that the experience of technological disaster or long-term exposure to environmental contamination can be psychologically stressful. Addressing the psychosocial impact in communities living with chronic contamination is therefore a vital part of improving their resilience. Guided by a synthetic theoretical model of the unique psychosocial impact of chronic environmental contamination (in contrast to natural and technological disasters, and background pollution), we undertook a narrative review to assess the current research on this important social problem.

Chronic environmental contamination: A systematic review of psychological health consequences.

We sought to undertake a systematic review to assess the current research and to provide a platform for future research on the psychological health impact of chronic environmental contamination (CEC). CEC is the experience of living in an area where hazardous substances are known or perceived to be present in air, water, or soil at elevated levels for a prolonged and unknown period of time. We employed a systematic review approach to assess the psychological health impact of CEC in literature from 1995 to 2019, and conducted a meta-analysis of available findings (k = 60, N = 25,858) on the impact of CEC on anxiety, general stress, depression, and PTSD.

Respiratory Syncytial Virus-Associated Hospitalization Rates among US Infants: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis.

Background: Although global reviews of infant respiratory syncytial virus (RSV) burden exist, none have summarized data from the United States or evaluated how RSV burden estimates are influenced by variations in study design.

Methods: We performed a systematic literature review and meta-analysis of studies describing RSV-associated hospitalization rates among US infants and examined the impact of key study characteristics on these estimates.

Results: We reviewed 3328 articles through 14 August 2020 and identified 25 studies with 31 unique estimates of RSV-associated hospitalization rates.

Exploring Community Psychosocial Stress Related to Per- and Poly-Fluoroalkyl Substances (PFAS) Contamination: Lessons Learned from a Qualitative Study.

The purpose of this study was to qualitatively explore the per- and poly-fluoroalkyl substances (PFAS) exposure experience and associated stressors, to inform public health efforts to support psychosocial health and resilience in affected communities. Semi-structured interviews ( = 9) were conducted from July-September 2019 with community members and state public health department representatives from areas with PFAS-contaminated drinking water. Thematic analysis was completed and themes were described and summarized.

County-level Predictors of Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID-19) Cases and Deaths in the United States: What Happened, and Where Do We Go from Here?

Background: The United States has been heavily impacted by the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic. Understanding microlevel patterns in US rates of COVID-19 can inform specific prevention strategies.

Methods: Using a negative binomial mixed-effects regression model, we evaluated the associations between a broad set of US county-level sociodemographic, economic, and health status-related characteristics and cumulative rates of laboratory-confirmed COVID-19 cases and deaths between 22 January 2020 and 31 August 2020.

Serotype evolution in Western Europe: perspectives on invasive pneumococcal diseases (IPD).

: Epidemiologic trends for IPD have evolved with the introduction of pneumococcal conjugate vaccines into childhood immunization programs. We document the ongoing impact of PCV programs in 15 Western European countries.: Data were collected from relevant published observational studies and national surveillance websites from January 2010 through January 2018.

The impact of pneumococcal conjugate vaccines on serotype 19A nasopharyngeal carriage.

: By preventing nasopharyngeal carriage acquisition among vaccinated persons, and thus reducing transmission, pneumococcal conjugate vaccines (PCVs) provide protection against pneumococcal vaccine serotypes among unvaccinated individuals. This systematic review assessed PCVs containing serotype 19A or cross-reactive 19F for 19A carriage effects.: Peer-reviewed literature was searched for manuscripts published between 1/1/2000 and 06/18/2018 assessing the impact of PCV on 19A carriage.

The impact of routine childhood immunization with higher-valent pneumococcal conjugate vaccines on antimicrobial-resistant pneumococcal diseases and carriage: a systematic literature review.

: The introduction of 7-valent pneumococcal conjugate vaccine (PCV7) in childhood immunization programs reduced antimicrobial-resistant pneumococcal infections by vaccine serotypes. However, emerging antimicrobial-resistant non-vaccine serotypes, particularly serotype 19A, attenuated the overall effect. In 2010, higher-valent PCVs became available containing serotypes that are prone to become antimicrobial-resistant, like serotype 7F in PCV10 and PCV13, and serotype 19A in PCV13.

Seropersistence and booster response following vaccination with FSME-IMMUN in children, adolescents, and young adults.

Background: Tick-borne encephalitis (TBE) is a viral disease that can have a severe clinical course and considerable long-term morbidity. As no curative treatment exists, vaccination is the primary means of prevention. Long-term antibody seropersistence 2-5 years after the 3-dose primary immunization and 3-10 years after first booster was evaluated, as well as booster responses in children, adolescents and young adults.

Tick-borne encephalitis: A 43-year summary of epidemiological and clinical data from Latvia (1973 to 2016).

Background: The incidence of tick-borne encephalitis (TBE) varies significantly over time. To better understand the annual incidence of all TBE cases in Latvia we investigated the disease burden in the country from 1973-2016 using several available sources and case definitions.

Methods: We identified cases of TBE from an electronic database (maintained by the Centre for Disease Prevention and Control of Latvia [CDPC]) by the use of ICD-10 diagnosis codes for TBE (A84; A84.

Effectiveness of 13-Valent Pneumococcal Conjugate Vaccine Against Invasive Disease Caused by Serotype 3 in Children: A Systematic Review and Meta-analysis of Observational Studies.

The 13-valent pneumococcal conjugate vaccine (PCV13) is the only licensed PCV with serotype 3 polysaccharide in its formulation. Postlicensure PCV13 effectiveness studies against serotype 3 invasive pneumococcal disease (IPD) in children have shown inconsistent results.  We performed a systematic review and meta-analysis of observational studies to assess PCV13 vaccine effectiveness (VE) for serotype 3 IPD in children.

Small doses of epinephrine prolong the recovery from a rocuronium-induced neuromuscular block: a case report.

Background: During anaesthesia it is not uncommon to administer epinephrine in patients blocked by non-depolarizing muscle relaxants. However, there are few reports on possible interaction of epinephrine with neuromuscular transmission in humans.

Case Presentation: An otherwise healthy 74-yr-old man underwent transurethral resection of a benign prostatic hyperplasia under total intravenous anaesthesia.

Burden of pneumococcal community-acquired pneumonia in adults across Europe: A literature review.

Background: The burden of community-acquired pneumonia (CAP) caused by Streptococcus pneumoniae (pneumococcus) among adults in Europe is poorly defined.

Methods: Structured searches of PubMed were conducted to identify the incidence of pneumococcal CAP among adults across Europe.

Results: The overall incidence rates for CAP was 68-7000 per 100,000 and the incidence in hospitalised CAP cases of all causes was 16-3581 per 100,000.