Effect of different surface pre-treatments and luting materials on shear bond strength to PEEK.

Objectives: To assess the bonding potential of a universal composite resin cement and an adhesive/composite system to differently pre-treated PEEK surfaces.

Methods: One hundred and fifty PEEK disks were embedded in epoxy resin, polished (P4000 grit) and treated as follows (n=30/group): (A) no treatment, (B) acid etching with sulfuric acid (98%) for 1 min, (C) sandblasting for 10s with 50 microm alumina, (D) sandblasting for 10s with 110 microm alumina and (E) silica coating using the Rocatec system (3M ESPE). Polished and sandblasted (50 microm alumina) cp titanium (grade 4) served as a control.

Cleaning ability and induced dentin loss of a magnetostrictive ultrasonic instrument at different power settings.

Some laboratory studies have evaluated the oscillation mode of ultrasonic scalers. None of them recorded its influence on calculus removal and quantified dental hard tissue loss. This study aimed to compare the performance of a magnetostrictive ultrasonic instrument at different power settings in vitro in relation to the tip oscillation activity.

In vitro evaluation of three curettes with edge retention technology after extended use.

This study assessed the edge cutting efficiency of three new curettes with different edge retention technologies after simulated wear in vitro. Three test curettes (two with a titanium nitride coating and one without coating, but made of a cryogenically treated stainless steel alloy) were used to root plane prepared bovine dentin specimens. Nine curettes of each type were used to instrument one dentin sample each.

Effect of short-time povidone-iodine application on osteoblast proliferation and differentiation.

Background And Objective: Povidone-iodine [polyvinylpyrrolidone-iodine complex (PVP-I)] is a broad-spectrum antimicrobial agent, frequently used in dentistry. In this study we investigated the short- and longterm effects on osteoblast number, viability, and function after short exposure to PVP-I with and without additional bone-morphogenetic protein-2 (BMP-2).

Material And Methods: Confluent osteoblast-like cell line (MC3T3-E1, subclone 24) cultures were exposed to pure PVP-I solution (7.

Systematic review on the effect of rinsing with povidone-iodine during nonsurgical periodontal therapy.

Background And Objective: The existing literature is inconsistent regarding whether there is any additional effect of povidone-iodine (PVP-iodine) as an adjunctive to scaling and root planing, and, if there is an effect, what its size is. Therefore, the aim of this study was to assess the additional effect of PVP-iodine as an adjunct to scaling and root planing compared with water, saline or no rinse in the treatment of chronic periodontitis.

Material And Methods: An electronic literature search of the databases PubMed, EMBASE and the Cochrane Central Library, and a handsearch, were performed (up to November 2008).

Effect of titanium tetrafluoride and amine fluoride treatment combined with carbon dioxide laser irradiation on enamel and dentin erosion.

Objective: This in vitro study aimed to analyze the influence of carbon dioxide (CO(2)) laser irradiation on the efficacy of titanium tetrafluoride (TiF(4)) and amine fluoride (AmF) in protecting enamel and dentin against erosion.

Methods: Bovine enamel and dentin samples were pretreated with carbon dioxide (CO(2)) laser irradiation only (group I), TiF(4) only (1% F, group II), CO(2) laser irradiation before (group III) or through (group IV) TiF(4) application, AmF only (1% F, group V), or CO(2) laser irradiation before (group VI) or through (group VII) AmF application. Controls remained untreated.

Regenerative treatment of peri-implantitis using bone substitutes and membrane: a systematic review.

Purpose: This systematic review aimed to assess the available literature for regenerative treatment of peri-implantitis using bone graft substitutes and membranes.

Methods: A search in electronic databases was conducted to assess all types of clinical studies treating bone defects derived from peri-implantitis using guided bone regeneration (GBR) techniques.

Results: During the first screening, 399 titles were identified.

Influence of fluoride concentration and ethanol pre-treatment on the reduction of the acid susceptibility of enamel.

Objective: To determine the association between KOH-soluble and structurally bound fluoride uptake and the erosion resistance of enamel, respectively. Additionally, the effect of enamel pre-treatment with ethanol before fluoridation was assessed.

Methods: Sixty bovine incisors (4 specimens/tooth) were randomly allocated to six groups (A-F).

Influence of two different fluoride compounds and an in vitro pellicle on the amount of KOH-soluble fluoride and its retention after toothbrushing.

Objective: To determine the influence of two different fluoride compounds and an in vitro pellicle on KOH-soluble fluoride formation - its retention and resistance to toothbrushing.

Material And Methods: Forty bovine incisors were randomly assigned to four groups (A-D). Of five samples prepared per tooth, one remained untreated and served as a baseline control.

Multi-species biofilm formation on dental materials and an adhesive patch.

Purpose: This laboratory study assessed the influence of surface roughness and contact time on the formation of a multi-species biofilm on dental materials (adhesive patch, composite, amalgam and enamel).

Materials And Methods: Rough and smooth specimens of each material were prepared and the mean surface roughness was assessed profilometrically. The biofilms were then allowed to grow either for 15 min or 15 h respectively on saliva-preconditioned specimens of each material, and colony-forming units on blood agar were counted (N = 9/group) Surface morphology was assessed using a scanning electron microscope.

[Treatment of localized gingival erythema].

Forms of a localized erythema can be observed occasionally as an expression of inflamed gingiva. It is characterized by a localized sharply demarcated and painless swelling of the gingiva with considerable redness. The differential diagnosis is not unequivocal and appropriate diagnosis and therapy are a challenge.

[Residual pocket depth after periodontal regenerative procedures. Clinical relevance and interpretation of meta-analyses data].

Meta-analyses allow to combine results systematically and to obtain more precise quantitative results on the efficacy of a therapy. For the clinician, the comparison of two therapy modalities is particularly of interest. Several meta-analyses exist in the field of periodontal regenerative procedures.

In vivo validation of a three-dimensional optical method to document volumetric soft tissue changes of the interdental papilla.

Background: Non-surgical and surgical periodontal treatment may cause volumetric changes in the gingival contour. Many techniques have been suggested to minimize soft tissue shrinkage; however, there is a lack of three-dimensional (3D) quantitative data comparing different treatment approaches. The aim of the present study was to clinically validate an easy-to-use chair-side procedure to document volumetric changes in the interdental papilla region.

Three-year evaluation of posterior vertical bite reconstruction using direct resin composite--a case series.

The use of resin composite materials to restore the complete occlusion of worn teeth is controversial and data are scarce. In this case series, the authors report on seven cases of progressive mixed erosive/abrasive worn dentition (85 posterior teeth) that have been reconstructed with direct resin composite restorations. In all patients, either one or both tooth arches was completely restored using direct resin composite restorations.

In vivo and in vitro evaluation of flexible, cottonwool-like nanocomposites as bone substitute material for complex defects.

The easy clinical handling and applicability of biomaterials has become a focus of materials research due to rapidly increasing time and cost pressures in the public health sector. The present study assesses the in vitro and in vivo performance of a flexible, mouldable, cottonwool-like nanocomposite based on poly(lactide-co-glycolide) and amorphous tricalcium phosphate nanoparticles (PLGA/TCP 60:40). Immersion in simulated body fluid showed exceptional in vitro bioactivity for TCP-containing fibres (mass gain: 18%, 2 days, HAp deposition).

Effects of microabrasion on substance loss, surface roughness, and colorimetric changes on enamel in vitro.

Objectives: To determine in vitro the effects of 2 commercially available microabrasion compounds (Prema [Premiere Dental Products] and Opalustre [Ultradent]) on human enamel under standardized conditions after treatment periods of 10, 20, 30, and 40 seconds. Nonacidified pumice served as an abrasive control compound.

Method And Materials: Mean substance loss was determined by measuring dissolved Ca2+ using atomic absorption spectrophotometry.

In vitro tooth cleaning efficacy of manual toothbrushes around brackets.

The purpose of this laboratory study was to assess the potential cleaning efficacy of nine different toothbrushes around brackets in vitro. Standard and Mini Diamond brackets were fixed on coloured teeth in a special model, coated with white titanium oxide, brushed in a machine with different manual toothbrushes (three different types: planar, staged, and v-shaped bristle field), and tested with a horizontal motion for 1 minute. After brushing, the teeth were scanned and the black surfaces were planimetrically assessed using a grey scale.

Effects of total and selective bonding on marginal adaptation and microleakage of Class I resin composite restorations in vitro.

This study assessed the marginal integrity and microleakage of standardized Class I resin composite restorations when placed with either "total" or "selective bonding" techniques. Sixty standardized Class I cavities comprising the main fissure system were prepared (9 mm length and 7 mm width). Cavity depth was set at 2.

[Questions and answers to possible side effects of external bleaching therapies].

There are several questions with regard to the application and possible side effects of external bleaching therapies. The following short review gives answers to some questions regarding this topic. It might be concluded that every bleaching therapy should be preceded by a meticulous intraoral examination.

Strength of CAD/CAM-generated esthetic ceramic molar implant crowns.

Purpose: One-visit in-office CAD/CAM fabrication of esthetic ceramic crowns as a superstructure for posterior implants is quite new. The aim of the study was to evaluate the strength of esthetic ceramic CAD/CAM crowns with varied occlusal thickness and seated with adhesive and nonadhesive cements on titanium and zirconia abutments.

Materials And Methods: Esthetic ceramic CAD/CAM-generated molar crowns (n = 15 per group) with occlusal thicknesses of 0.

Sinus floor elevation using an osteotome technique without grafting materials or membranes.

This retrospective study aimed to radiographically assess sinus floor remodeling after using a modified osteotome technique without graft materials or membranes. After pilot drilling, residual bone was fractured and raised with the schneiderian membrane to the final implant length using osteotomes. Self-tapping implants were placed, and restorations were placed 6 months later.

Influence of study design on the impact of bleaching agents on dental enamel microhardness: a review.

Objective: Numerous studies investigated the impact of bleaching procedures on enamel microhardness. The outcomes of these studies reveal inconsistencies regarding the fact whether a microhardness reduction due to bleaching occurs or not. Aim of the present review was to summarize the existing literature of external bleaching therapies, which used microhardness tests for evaluation of possible effects on enamel and to weigh up different parameters of the study designs with respect to the outcome of these studies.

[Esthetic repair of crown margins with composite. A case report].

Gingival recessions can cause severe aesthetical problems, especially when associated with the exposure of the margin of crown or bridge restorations. When complete root coverage can not be achieved by periodontal surgery techniques, prosthetic restorations are usually replaced to improve the aesthetic situation. This clinical report describes the application of a composite repair filling as an alternative technique to correct the restoration margin and cover the exposed root surface.

Effects of de- and remineralization of dentin on bond strengths yielded by one-, three-, and four-step adhesives.

Purpose: To assess the effect of different peri- and intertubular dentin mineralization conditions and etching on shear bond strength in vitro.

Materials And Methods: One hundred fifty crowns of extracted bovine incisors were embedded in resin and ground to expose the buccal coronal dentin. Sixty specimens were subjected to a demineralizing solution (DS) and another 60 teeth to a bacterial-based laboratory caries model (S.