Tyrosine and tryptophan in urine as biomarkers for prostate cancer: A validation study.

Prostate cancer (PCa) is a common male malignancy and early diagnosis is crucial for successful treatment. The current study aims to validate results from a pilot study that demonstrated an inverse association between urine tyrosine and tryptophan levels and the severity of PCa. This study comprised a cohort of 97 patients with benign prostatic hyperplasia, 93 patients diagnosed with localized PCa, 75 patients diagnosed with locally advanced PCa, and 68 patients diagnosed with metastatic PCa.

Analysis of free cisplatin in microdialysates and plasma ultrafiltrate by liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry.

Cisplatin is a potent cytotoxic agent used in the treatment of various malignancies and exerts its antitumor effect through malignant cell DNA damage and apoptosis induction. Evaluation of systemic delivery of cisplatin is important in optimization of cisplatin treatment. However, accurate quantification of systemic cisplatin is challenging due to its various forms in circulation.

Low-dose naltrexone for treatment of pain in patients with fibromyalgia: a randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled, crossover study.

Introduction: Fibromyalgia (FM) is a chronic fluctuating, nociplastic pain condition. Naltrexone is a µ-opioid-receptor antagonist; preliminary studies have indicated a pain-relieving effect of low-dose naltrexone (LDN) in patients with FM. The impetus for studying LDN is the assumption of analgesic efficacy and thus reduction of adverse effects seen from conventional pharmacotherapy.

Evaluation of cefuroxime concentration in the intrathecal and extrathecal compartments of the lumbar spine-an experimental study in pigs.

Background And Purpose: Optimal antibiotic prophylaxis is crucial to prevent postoperative infection in spinal surgery. Sufficient time above the minimal inhibitory concentration (fT > MIC) for relevant bacteria in target tissues is required for cefuroxime. We assessed cefuroxime concentrations and fT > MIC of 4 μg·ml for Staphylococcus aureus in the intrathecal (spinal cord and cerebrospinal fluid, CSF) and extrathecal (epidural space) compartments of the lumbar spine.

Abdominal tissue concentrations and penetration of carboplatin in a HIPEC procedure ‒ assessment in a novel porcine model.

Objectives: Peritoneal dissemination from intraabdominal cancers is associated with poor prognosis and rapid disease progression. Hyperthermic intraperitoneal chemotherapy (HIPEC) is an antineoplastic treatment, which has improved survival and recurrence-free survival, but little is known about the acquired chemotherapy concentrations in local tissues. The aim of this study was to assess concentrations of carboplatin during and after HIPEC treatment dynamically and simultaneously in various abdominal organ tissues by means of microdialysis in a novel porcine model.

Cefuroxime concentrations in the anterior and posterior column of the lumbar spine - an experimental porcine study.

Background Context: Surgical site infection following spine surgery is associated with increased morbidity and mortality. Perioperative antibiotic prophylaxis is a key factor in lowering the risk of acquiring an infection. Previous studies have assessed perioperative cefuroxime concentrations in the anterior column of the cervical spine with an anterior surgical approach.

Correlation between stage of prostate cancer and tyrosine and tryptophan in urine samples measured electrochemically.

Prostate cancer (PCa) is the second most common cancer in men and one of the leading causes of cancer-related deaths. Early detection is the key to successful treatment and provides the greatest chance to cure the patient. Currently, early detection involves screening for prostate-specific antigen levels in blood, which is not a tumor-specific biomarker.

Image-derived and physiological markers to predict adequate adenosine-induced hyperemic response in Rubidium-82 myocardial perfusion imaging.

Aims: This study aimed to investigate the potential of different markers to identify adequate stressing in subjects with and without caffeine intake prior to Rubidium-82 myocardial imaging.

Methods And Results: This study comprised 40 healthy subjects who underwent four serial Rubidium-82 rest/adenosine stress MPI; two with 0mg caffeine consumption (baseline MPIs) and two with controlled consumption of caffeine (arm 1: 100 and 300mg, or arm 2: 200 and 400mg). We report the sensitivity and specificity of seven markers ability to predict adequate adenosine-induced hyperemic response: (1) the splenic response ratio (SRR); (2) splenic stress-to-rest intensity ratios (SIR); (3) changes in heart rate (ΔHR); (4) percentwise change in heart rate (Δ%HR); (5) changes in the rate pressure product (ΔRPP); (6) changes in the systolic blood pressure (ΔSBP); and (7) changes in the cardiovascular resistance (ΔCVR).

Salivary Cortisol Awakening Response as a Predictor for Depression Severity in Adult Patients with a Major Depressive Episode Performing a Daily Exercise Program.

Introduction: The hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal axis function in depression has been the subject of considerable interest, and its function has been tested with a variety of methods. We investigated associations between saliva cortisol at awakening and the 24-h urine cortisol output, both measured at study baseline, with endpoint depression scores.

Methods: Patients were admitted to a psychiatric inpatient ward with a major depressive episode and were started on fixed duloxetine treatment.

Weight-based cefuroxime dosing provides comparable orthopedic target tissue concentrations between weight groups - a microdialysis porcine study.

Antibiotic prophylaxis is a key element in prevention of surgical site infections. For the majority of orthopedic procedures, antibiotic administration follows fixed dosing regimens irrespective of weight. However, this may result in insufficient antibiotic target tissue concentrations and higher risk of surgical site infections in obese individuals.

Vitamin K supplementation and arterial calcification in dialysis: results of the double-blind, randomized, placebo-controlled RenaKvit trial.

Background: Arterial calcification is associated with cardiovascular mortality in dialysis patients. Active matrix Gla protein (MGP) is a vitamin K-dependent inhibitor of arterial calcification. Elevated plasma concentrations of inactive MGP, i.

Sex Differences and Caffeine Impact in Adenosine-Induced Hyperemia.

Caffeine consumption before adenosine stress myocardial perfusion imaging (MPI) is known to affect the hemodynamic response and, thus, reduce the stress myocardial blood flow (MBF) and myocardial flow reserve (MFR) assessments. However, it is not clear if any sex-specific differences in the hemodynamic response after caffeine consumption exist. This study aimed to evaluate if such differences exist and, if so, their impact on MBF and MFR assessments.

Serum metal ion levels in adolescent idiopathic scoliosis (AIS) patients 25 years after treated with Harrington rod instrumentation or bracing.

Introduction: Surgical instrumentation in children with adolescent idiopathic scoliosis (AIS) is performed early in life and the implants are left in situ for the rest of the patient's life. Concern has been raised regarding persistent elevated levels of serum metal ions, but only a few studies on the topic have been published. The aim of this study was to compare the levels of serum metal ions in patients with AIS treated with either Harrington rod instrumentation or bracing.

Paediatric reference range for overnight urinary cortisol corrected for creatinine.

Objectives: Systemic activity of inhaled corticosteroids (ICS) may be assessed via urinary cortisol measurement. Overnight urinary free cortisol corrected for creatinine (OUFCC) has been extensively reported in adult studies. However, a paediatric mass spectrometric (MS) reference range for OUFCC is not established.

Sustained Maternal Hyperandrogenism During PCOS Pregnancy Reduced by Metformin in Non-obese Women Carrying a Male Fetus.

Context: Large, longitudinal studies on androgen levels in pregnant women with polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) are lacking. While metformin has a mild androgen-lowering effect in non-pregnant women with PCOS, its effects on maternal androgen levels in pregnancy are less well understood.

Objective: To describe androgen patterns in pregnant women with PCOS and in healthy control women, and to explore the potential effects of metformin on maternal androgen levels in PCOS.

In Search of Normality for Vitamin K1: Establishing Age-Dependent Reference Intervals in the Danish Population.

Background: A growing body of evidence suggests that vitamin K has beneficial effects on human health, especially cardiovascular and bone health. Vitamin K1 (phylloquinone), the predominant form of vitamin K in blood, is regarded as an indicator of vitamin K status, but to our knowledge no reference intervals (RIs) have been established for vitamin K1.

Methods: In this population-based study, vitamin K1 was measured in serum from 3808 Caucasian individuals without diabetes from 26 to 78 years of age.

Perfluoroalkyl Substance Exposure Early In Pregnancy Was Negatively Associated With Late Pregnancy Cortisone Levels.

Introduction: During pregnancy, maternal cortisol levels are increased 3-fold by the third trimester. The enzyme 11β-hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase (11β-HSD, isoforms 1 and 2) regulates the balance between cortisol and cortisone levels. Perfluoroalkyl substances (PFAS) have been reported to inhibit 11β-HSD1 and more potently 11β-HSD2, which could lead to reduced levels of cortisol and more extensively cortisone.

Serum vitamin K associated to microangiopathy and/or macroangiopathy in individuals with and without diabetes.

Objective: Vitamin K has proposed beneficial effects on cardiovascular health. We investigated whether serum vitamin K was associated with prevalence of microangiopathy and/or macroangiopathy.

Research Design And Methods: Serum vitamin K was quantified in 3239 individuals with and 3808 without diabetes enrolled in Vejle Diabetes Biobank (2007-2010).

Highly sensitive LC-MS/MS analysis of catecholamines in plasma.

The catecholamines, epinephrine (E) and norepinephrine (NE) are important both as neurotransmitters and hormones, and measurement of E and NE in plasma is therefore of great interest in medical research. However, the low concentrations of E and NE in plasma require an analysis method that is both specific and sensitive. Plasma sample E and NE were extracted using solid phase extraction, and analyzed by an in-sample ion-pairing chromatography (IPC) LC-MS/MS method, that enables the ion-pairing reagent to be diverted to waste without entering the ion source of the mass spectrometer.

Anogenital distance in children born of mothers with polycystic ovary syndrome: the Odense Child Cohort.

Study Question: Are higher testosterone levels during pregnancy in women with polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) associated with longer offspring anogenital distance (AGD)?

Summary Answer: AGD was similar in 3-month-old children born of mothers with PCOS compared to controls.

What Is Known Already: AGD is considered a marker of prenatal androgenization.

Study Design, Size, Duration: Maternal testosterone levels were measured by mass spectrometry at Gestational Week 28 in 1127 women.

Third trimester cortisol status is associated with offspring sex and polycystic ovary syndrome status: Odense Child Cohort.

Objective: To determine predictors of maternal serum (S) and urinary (U) cortisol and cortisone levels during the third trimester and to examine associations between maternal cortisol status, offspring sex, and maternal polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) status.

Design: Prospective observational study.

Setting: The study is part of the prospective Odense Child Cohort.

Quantitation of vitamin K1 in serum using online SPE-LC-MS/MS and the challenges of working with vitamin K.

Vitamin K1 (phylloquinone) is one of the vitamin Ks. Several studies have previously investigated the role of vitamin K1 status in respect to disease, but without consistent results. Since vitamin K deficiency has been associated with different disease states it is important to develop a biochemical analysis with sufficient sensitivity and a low limit of quantitation (LOQ).