A mixed method approach to evaluating eating-related psychopathologies in collegiate student-athletes.

Objective: To examine the presence of body image concerns, drive for muscularity, and disordered eating behaviors in collegiate student-athletes.

Participants: One hundred and one NCAA Division I student-athletes participated in Phase I; 15 of these also participated in Phase II.

Methods: This study employed a mixed method, sequential explanatory design.

Family history of obesity and the influence on physical activity and dietary adherence after bariatric surgery.

Background: The causes of obesity are multifactorial, with genetic, environmental, behavioural and societal contributions. These factors also affect adherence to diet and exercise after bariatric surgery. The objective of this study was to evaluate changes in perceived obesity-related stigma, exercise and dietary adherence perioperatively as well as what demographic factors most influence the magnitude of these changes.

What happens when you compare yourself to a model eating a cheeseburger? An experiment testing the impact of models promoting calorie-dense foods on beliefs about weight maintenance, body satisfaction, and purchase intent.

Background: Ads depicting models promoting calorie-dense foods and beverages are ubiquitous and no known research has examined their effects on consumers. Drawing from social comparison theory, we hypothesized that participants who viewed ads with models (versus without models) would be more likely to rate models and less likely to rate themselves as able to consume the calorie-dense foods regularly and still maintain their weight/shape. We also hypothesized that participants who viewed ads with models (versus without models) would report more body dissatisfaction and, consistent with consumer research, a greater intention to purchase the product.

Hop, skip... no! Explaining adolescent girls' disinclination for physical activity.

Purpose: This study aimed to develop and validate the Girls' Disinclination for Physical Activity Scale (G-DAS)and implement the scale along with an objective measure of physical activity (PA) in a longitudinal sample of adolescent girls.

Methods: Participants were non-Hispanic White girls who were assessed at ages 13 years (n=151) and 15 years (n=98). Girls completed the G-DAS and the Physical Activity Enjoyment Scale and wore an accelerometer for 7 days.

'I feel fat': weight-related stigma, body esteem, and BMI as predictors of perceived competence in physical activity.

Background: Efforts toward increasing participation in physical activity to prevent and treat overweight and obesity have as yet proved unsuccessful. Among the many barriers that discourage participation are weight-related stigmas. The primary purpose of this study was to explore the relationship between consciousnesses of weight-related stigma and perceived competence in physical activity.

Preparation of pH-sensitive beads for NSAID using three-component gel systems.

The aim of this study is to prepare novel pH-sensitive beads to obtain a gastric mucosa protective formulation and to ensure drug delivery into the intestine. Diclofenac sodium was used as a model drug. Bead formation was achieved by ionotropic gelation method using three-component gel system containing sodium alginate (Na-Alg), hydroxyethylcellulose (HEC) and hydroxypropylmethylcellulose (HPMC).

Overweight girls who internalize fat stereotypes report low psychosocial well-being.

Objective: This study examines developmental change and intraindividual stability in girls' fat stereotypes and associations between girls' internalization of stereotypes and their psychosocial well-being.

Methods And Procedures: Participants included 163 non-Hispanic white girls. Girls' fat stereotypes were assessed at ages 9 and 11 years and their height and weight and all measures of psychosocial well-being, including global self-worth, perceived physical appearance, and maladaptive eating attitudes, were assessed at ages 9, 11, and 13 years.

A longitudinal assessment of the links between physical activity and self-esteem in early adolescent non-Hispanic females.

Purpose: For decades, researchers have proclaimed the positive psychosocial benefits of participation in physical activity. However, recent meta-analyses of the literature have found infrequent and inconclusive empirical support for the link between physical activity and psychosocial well-being. In this study, we use data from a longitudinal study to explore the links between participation in physical activity and global self-esteem among girls from childhood into early adolescence and the direction of this relationship.

Youth at risk of physical inactivity may benefit more from activity-related support than youth not at risk.

Background: This study examines whether associations between activity-related support and adolescents' physical activity differ for adolescents at high versus low risk of physical inactivity.

Methods: Participants included 202 middle-school-aged girls (N = 92) and boys (N = 110). Physical activity was assessed using three self-report questionnaires.

Kinetics of protein import into isolated Xenopus oocyte nuclei.

An in vitro assay for nucleocytoplasmic transport was established in which signal-dependent protein import is reproduced faithfully by isolated purified nuclei. The assay permits the precise quantification of import kinetics and the discrimination between translocation through the nuclear envelope and intranuclear transport. Nuclei were manually isolated from Xenopus oocytes and after manual purification incubated with a medium containing a green fluorescent transport substrate, karyopherins alpha2 and beta1, a red fluorescent control substrate, an energy mix and, for keeping an osmotic balance, 20% (wt/vol) BSA.

Analysis of ectatomin action on cell membranes.

Ectatomin (m = 7928 Da) is a toxic component from the Ectatomma tuberculatum ant venom containing two homologous polypeptide chains (37 and 34 residues) linked to each other by a disulfide bond. In aqueous solution it forms a four alpha-helix bundle. At concentrations of 0.

Nuclear import of protein kinase C occurs by a mechanism distinct from the mechanism used by proteins with a classical nuclear localization signal.

Protein kinase C does not have any known nuclear localization signal but, nevertheless, is redistributed from the cytoplasm to the nucleus upon various stimuli. In NIH 3T3 fibroblasts stimulation with phorbol ester leads to a translocation of protein kinase C alpha to the plasma membrane and into the cell nucleus. We compared the mechanism of protein kinase C alpha's transport into the nucleus with the transport mechanism of a protein with a classical nuclear localization signal at several steps.

Transport of protein kinase C alpha into the nucleus requires intact cytoskeleton while the transport of a protein containing a canonical nuclear localization signal does not.

Protein kinase C undergoes a redistribution from the cytosol into the nucleus upon various stimuli. Since protein kinase C does not contain any known nuclear localization signal, the exact pathway and mechanism of the translocation into the nucleus is not known. We used immunofluorescence microscopy to investigate the role of the cytoskeleton in this process, and to detect the subcellular distribution of protein kinase C alpha in NIH 3T3 fibroblasts.

New antifolate 4,4'-diaminodiphenyl sulfone substituted 2,4-diamino-5-benzylpyrimidines. Proof of their dual mode of action and autosynergism.

New 4,4'-diaminodiphenylsulfone substituted 2,4-diamino-5-benzylpyrimidines were synthesized. These compounds are highly active inhibitors of both bacterial dihydrofolate reductase (DHFR) and dihydropteroic acid synthase (SYN). The simultaneous inhibition of both enzymes leads to autosynergism in whole cells in the same way as known for combinations of sulfonamides with trimethoprim.

The nuclear pore complex protein p62 is one of several sialic acid-containing proteins of the nuclear envelope.

While investigating the glycosylation of nuclear envelope proteins of neuroblastoma cells, we found several proteins that bound the sialic acid-specific Sambucus nigra agglutinin. The strongest signals were obtained for proteins with apparent molecular masses of 66 and 180 kDa. The specificity of the lectin binding was checked by acylneuraminyl hydrolase treatment of nuclear envelope proteins, which prohibited S.