Multi-omics Analysis of Umbilical Cord Hematopoietic Stem Cells from a Multi-ethnic Cohort of Hawaii Reveals the Intergenerational Effect of Maternal Pre-Pregnancy Obesity and Risk Prediction for Cancers.

Background: Maternal obesity is a health concern that may predispose newborns to a high risk of medical problems later in life. To understand the intergenerational effect of maternal obesity, we hypothesized that the maternal obesity effect is mediated by epigenetic changes in the CD34+/CD38-/Lin- hematopoietic stem cells (uHSCs) in the offspring. Towards this, we conducted a DNA methylation centric multi-omics study.

Placentas delivered by pre-pregnant obese women have reduced abundance and diversity in the microbiome.

Maternal pre-pregnancy obesity may have an impact on both maternal and fetal health. We examined the microbiome recovered from placentas in a multi-ethnic maternal pre-pregnant obesity cohort, through an optimized microbiome protocol to enrich low bacterial biomass samples. We found that the microbiomes recovered from the placentas of obese pre-pregnant mothers are less abundant and less diverse when compared to those from mothers of normal pre-pregnancy weight.

A VA Health Care Innovation: Healthier Kidneys Through Your Kitchen-Earlier Nutrition Intervention for Chronic Kidney Disease.

To provide earlier nutrition intervention for chronic kidney disease (CKD), Veterans Administration (VA) Registered Dietitians (RDs) developed Healthier Kidneys Through Your Kitchen. In this program, Veterans with stage 3 CKD are identified and offered participation in a one-time class that explains CKD stages, nutrition, and physical activity to slow progression of CKD. Veterans learn about monitoring dietary protein and sodium and the importance of blood pressure and glucose control.

Plant-Dominant Low-Protein Diet for Conservative Management of Chronic Kidney Disease.

Chronic kidney disease (CKD) affects >10% of the adult population. Each year, approximately 120,000 Americans develop end-stage kidney disease and initiate dialysis, which is costly and associated with functional impairments, worse health-related quality of life, and high early-mortality rates, exceeding 20% in the first year. Recent declarations by the World Kidney Day and the U.

A review of omics approaches to study preeclampsia.

Preeclampsia is a medical condition affecting 5-10% of pregnancies. It has serious effects on the health of the pregnant mother and developing fetus. While possible causes of preeclampsia are speculated, there is no consensus on its etiology.

Prepregnant Obesity of Mothers in a Multiethnic Cohort Is Associated with Cord Blood Metabolomic Changes in Offspring.

Maternal obesity has become a growing global health concern that may predispose the offspring to medical conditions later in life. However, the metabolic link between maternal prepregnant obesity and healthy offspring has not yet been fully elucidated. In this study, we conducted a case-control study using a coupled untargeted and targeted metabolomic approach from the newborn cord blood metabolomes associated with a matched maternal prepregnant obesity cohort of 28 cases and 29 controls.

Shingles in Pregnancy: An Elusive Case of Left Upper Quadrant Abdominal Pain.

Pregnancy can complicate the presentation and workup of abdominal pain. A healthy 21-year-old gravida-3 para-1 woman at 34 weeks of gestation presented for severe pain localized to her abdominal left upper quadrant (LUQ. Physical exam was unremarkable except for localized pain on palpation, and she was discharged with acetaminophen and cyclobenzaprine for presumed musculoskeletal pain.

Successful quintuplet pregnancy of monochorionic male quadruplets and single female after double embryo transfer: case report and review of the literature.

Objective: To report a rare case of quintuplets with monochorionic male quadruplets and a single female after two-blastocyst transfer.

Design: Case report.

Setting: University teaching hospital.

Routine screening for Chlamydia trachomatis and Neisseria gonorrhoeae in first trimester abortion.

Currently no recommendation exists to collect genital culture for Chlamydia trachomatis and Neisseria gonorrhoeae at diagnosis of spontaneous abortion. A retrospective cross sectional study was performed to identify first trimester abortions with concurrent genital culture collection in an emergency room setting. The results were compared to most current 2015 Center for Disease Control (CDC) statistics.

Speciation in progress? A phylogeographic study among populations of Hemitrichia serpula (Myxomycetes).

Myxomycetes (plasmodial slime molds, Amoebozoa) are often perceived as widely distributed, confounding to the "everything is everywhere" hypothesis. To test if gene flow within these spore-dispersed protists is restricted by geographical barriers, we chose the widespread but morphologically unmistakable species Hemitrichia serpula for a phylogeographic study. Partial sequences from nuclear ribosomal RNA genes (SSU) revealed 40 ribotypes among 135 specimens, belonging to three major clades.

In vitro treatment of Candida albicans biofilms on denture base material with volume dielectric barrier discharge plasma (VDBD) compared with common chemical antiseptics.

Objectives: To prevent oral candidiasis, it is crucial to inactivate Candida-based biofilms on dentures. Common denture cleansing solutions cannot sufficiently inactivate Candida albicans. Therefore, we investigated the anticandidal efficacy of a physical plasma against C.

Antibacterial metabolites and bacteriolytic enzymes produced by Bacillus pumilus during bacteriolysis of Arthrobacter citreus.

The marine isolate Bacillus pumilus SBUG 1800 is able to lyse living cells of Arthrobacter citreus on solid media as well as pasteurized A. citreus cells in liquid mineral salt medium. The cultivation of B.

Identifying strategies to decrease infectious complications of gastroschisis repair.

Purpose: We describe the infectious complications of gastroschisis in order to identify modifiable factors to decrease these complications.

Methods: Data from 155 gastroschisis patients (2001-2013) were reviewed. Complicated gastroschisis (intestinal atresia, necrotic bowel, or perforation) were excluded, leaving 129 patients for review.

Impact of antibiotics with various target sites on the metabolome of Staphylococcus aureus.

In this study, global intra- and extracellular metabolic profiles were exploited to investigate the impact of antibiotic compounds with different cellular targets on the metabolome of Staphylococcus aureus HG001. Primary metabolism was largely covered, yet uncommon staphylococcal metabolites were detected in the cytosol of S. aureus, including sedoheptulose-1,7-bisphosphate and the UDP-MurNAc-pentapeptide with an alanine-seryl residue.

Novel mechanisms of biotransformation of p-tert-amylphenol by bacteria and fungi with special degradation abilities and simultaneous detoxification of the disinfectant.

The compound p-tert-amylphenol (p-(1,1-dimethylpropyl)phenol) is a widely used disinfectant belonging to the group of short branched-chain alkylphenols. It is produced in or imported into the USA with more than one million pounds per year and can be found in the environment in surface water, sediments, and soil. We have investigated for the first time the biotransformation of this disinfectant and the accumulation of metabolites by five bacterial strains, three yeast strains, and three filamentous fungi, selected because of their ability to transform either aromatic or branched-chain compounds.

Knot undulator to generate linearly polarized photons with low on-axis power density.

Heat load on beamline optics is a serious obstacle for devices designed to generate pure linearly polarized photons in third generation synchrotron radiation facilities. For permanent magnet undulators, this problem can be overcome by implementing a figure-eight design configuration. As yet there has been no good method to tackle this problem for electromagnetic elliptical undulators.

Multipole shimming of permanent magnets using harmonic corrector rings.

Shimming systems are required to provide sufficient field homogeneity for high resolution nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR). In certain specialized applications, such as rotating-field NMR and mobile ex situ NMR, permanent magnet-based shimming systems can provide considerable advantages. We present a simple two-dimensional shimming method based on harmonic corrector rings which can provide arbitrary multipole order shimming corrections.

Variable linear polarization from an X-ray undulator.

A new X-ray undulator has been designed and constructed which produces linearly polarized X-rays in which the plane of polarization can be oriented to a user selectable angle, from horizontal to vertical. Based on the Apple-II elliptically polarizing undulator (EPU), the undulator rotates the angle of the linear polarization by a simple longitudinal motion of the undulator magnets. Combined with the circular and elliptical polarization capabilities of the EPU operating in the standard mode, this new undulator produces soft X-ray radiation with versatile polarization control.

Elliptic flow in Au+Au collisions at square root(S)NN = 130 GeV.

Elliptic flow from nuclear collisions is a hadronic observable sensitive to the early stages of system evolution. We report first results on elliptic flow of charged particles at midrapidity in Au+Au collisions at square root(S)NN = 130 GeV using the STAR Time Projection Chamber at the Relativistic Heavy Ion Collider. The elliptic flow signal, v2, averaged over transverse momentum, reaches values of about 6% for relatively peripheral collisions and decreases for the more central collisions.

Purification and characterization of a unique high molecular weight form of insulin-like growth factor II.

A form of insulin-like growth factor II (IGF-II) with a mol wt of 15,000 has been purified to homogeneity from human Cohn fraction IV1-4. This protein has an amino-terminal sequence through the first 28 residues that is identical to 7.5K IGF-II.

Amphipathic helix and its relationship to the interaction of calcitonin with phospholipids.

Salmon, porcine, and human calcitonins interact with phosphatidylglycerol to form water-soluble complexes, but these peptides do not interact with the zwitterionic lipids phosphatidylcholine or sphingomyelin. The calcitonins are more helical in the presence of dimyristoylphosphatidylglycerol than in its absence, but human calcitonin is considerably less helical than the other two, particularly in the presence of the lipid. This may explain the previously reported faster rate of degradation of human compared with salmon calcitonin in vivo.

Specific binding of 125I-salmon calcitonin to rat brain: regional variation and calcitonin specificity.

Rat brain particulate fraction was found to contain binding sites for 125I-Salmon Calcitonin-I (125I-SCT). Maximum binding occurred in the physiological pH range of 7.25-7.