Publications by authors named "Schlomm T"

DNA methylation (DNAm) is a key epigenetic mark that shows profound alterations in cancer. Read-level methylomes enable more in-depth analyses, due to their broad genomic coverage and preservation of rare cell-type signals, compared to summarized data such as 450K/EPIC microarrays. Here, we propose MethylBERT, a Transformer-based model for read-level methylation pattern classification.

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: Artificial intelligence (AI), particularly natural language processing (NLP) models such as ChatGPT, presents novel opportunities for patient education and informed consent. This study evaluated ChatGPT's use as a support tool for informed consent before penile prosthesis implantation (PPI) in patients with erectile dysfunction (ED) following radical prostatectomy. : ChatGPT-4 answered 20 frequently asked questions across four categories: ED and treatment, PPI surgery, complications, and postoperative care.

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Purpose: The objective of this study was to evaluate the perioperative outcomes and complications associated with the use of acetylsalicylic acid (ASA) in deceased donor kidney transplantation (KTX), with a particular focus on bleeding events.

Methods: We retrospectively analyzed 157 kidney transplant recipients (KTRs) who underwent KTX at Charité Berlin, Department for Urology, between February 2014 and December 2017. Patients were divided into two groups: patients with ASA in their preoperative medication (Group A, n = 59) and patients without ASA use (Group B, n = 98).

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Article Synopsis
  • Uromonitor and uTERTpm ddPCR are non-invasive urine tests developed to detect bladder cancer.
  • A study compared their diagnostic performance with urine cytology using samples from patients with bladder cancer and benign conditions.
  • The uTERTpm ddPCR test showed the highest sensitivity for detecting primary bladder cancer at 79.7%, outperforming Uromonitor and urine cytology, making it a promising tool for diagnosis.
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Background: According to the European Association of Urology guidelines, the limit for monopolar, transurethral resection (M-TURP) in BPH- therapy is a volume of 80 g. However, whether larger prostates can also be resected transurethrally might also depend on the experience of the surgeon and especially the resected volume and speed of the resection. Little is known about the latter, and this paper aims to these factors.

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Objectives: Partial cystectomy (PC) has been proposed as a less invasive alternative to radical cystectomy (RC) for the treatment of localized muscle-invasive bladder cancer (MIBC). The aim of this study was to evaluate the outcome of PC in a contemporary patient cohort to identify potential risk factors for this procedure.

Methods: Data from 58 MIBC patients who underwent PC were retrospectively analyzed.

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Purpose: Placental alkaline phosphatase (PLAP) is a protein with a poorly understood function that is normally only expressed in the placenta. In cancer, PLAP expression is a hallmark of germ cell neoplasms, but it can also occur in urothelial carcinoma. To evaluate the potential clinical significance of PLAP expression in bladder cancer, METHODS: PLAP protein was analyzed by immunohistochemistry in more than 2500 urothelial bladder carcinomas in a tissue microarray format.

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Homozygous 9p21 deletions usually result in a complete loss of S-methyl-5'-thioadenosine phosphorylase (MTAP) expression visualizable by immunohistochemistry (IHC). MTAP deficiency has been proposed as a marker for predicting targeted treatment response. A tissue microarray including 2,710 urothelial bladder carcinomas were analyzed for 9p21 deletion by fluorescence in situ hybridization and MTAP expression by IHC.

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Objective: To compare all available rapid tests on a large cohort of recurrent bladder cancer during follow-up in this multicentre-study is the first study. BTA stat, NMP22 BladderChek, UBC Rapid Test CancerCheck UBC rapid VISUAL, and uromonitor are urinary-based rapid tests for bladder cancer detection.

Methods: In total, 187 urine samples were analyzed from patients with suspected recurrent non-muscle invasive urothelial bladder cancer on cystoscopy during follow-up in a real-world assessment.

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Article Synopsis
  • OnabotulinumtoxinA detrusor injection (OnabotA DI) is a treatment for patients with overactive bladder issues that was approved 10 years ago, often performed under local anesthesia (LA) or general anesthesia (GA).
  • In a study of 104 patients, those under LA reported higher anxiety and pain compared to those under GA, particularly during the first injection, but surprisingly still preferred LA despite these concerns.
  • The findings highlighted a notable decrease in anxiety for repeat injections with LA, suggesting that familiarity with the procedure could ease patient anxiety over time, even though pain was significantly lower with GA.
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We present the rare case of a 51-year-old male diagnosed with a solitary fibrous tumor (SFT) of the prostate, along with a concurrent low-grade prostate adenocarcinoma (Gleason score 3 + 3, Grade Group 1). The diagnosis was confirmed by positive immunohistochemical markers, including CD34, BCL2, and STAT6, and molecular analysis showing a NAB2-STAT6 fusion. Following successful surgical management and the simultaneous diagnosis of a pulmonary relapse from a prior thyroid carcinoma, the patient remains under clinical surveillance.

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Objective: There is a shortage of established prognostic biomarkers in bladder cancer. One candidate is tumour protein 63 (p63), a transcription factor of the p53 gene family that is expressed in the normal urothelium. Recently proposed RNA expression-based molecular classifiers of bladder cancer identified high p63 expression as a component of a basal/squamous subtype linked to poor patient prognosis.

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Background: Prostate-specific membrane antigen (PSMA) positron-emission tomography (PET) imaging can detect prostate cancer (PCa) nodal oligorecurrences (NOR) at very low prostate-specific antigen (PSA) levels. Prospective studies on oligorecurrent (OR) PCa have been hampered by either dated diagnostics or inhomogeneous cohorts and/or treatment approaches. We hypothesized that early and-if necessary and feasible-repetitive PSMA-PET-based metastasis-directed therapy (MDT) using stereotactic body radiotherapy (SBRT) would improve freedom from palliative (systemic) therapy at low toxicity.

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Overactive bladder (OAB) has a significant impact on the quality of life; thus, it requires treatment that can be adhered to over a long period without undue side effects. The current treatment which uses an anticholinergic or β-3 agonist may fail to improve symptoms and has side effects, leading to high discontinuation rates. OnabotulinumtoxinA (OnabotA) detrusor injection has been approved for idiopathic OAB as a second-line treatment with good effectiveness and tolerability.

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17p13 deletions including TP53 and other genes represent a common cause for reduced/lost p53 function in tumor cells. In this study, we analyzed the impact of 17p13 (TP53) deletions and p53 expression on tumor aggressiveness and patient prognosis in urothelial carcinoma. The 17p13 copy number status was analyzed by fluorescence in situ hybridization (FISH) on more than 2700 urothelial bladder carcinomas in a tissue microarray format.

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Objectives: To compare Uromonitor® (U-Monitor Lda, Porto, Portugal), a multitarget DNA assay that detects mutated proto-oncogenes (telomerase reverse transcriptase [TERT], fibroblast growth factor receptor 3 [FGFR-3], Kirsten rat sarcoma viral oncogene homologue [KRAS]), with urine cytology in the urine-based diagnosis of urothelial carcinoma of the bladder (UCB) within a multicentre real-world setting.

Patients And Methods: This multicentre, prospective, double-blind study was conducted across four German urological centres from 2019 to 2024. We evaluated the diagnostic performance of Uromonitor compared to urine cytology in a cohort of patients with UCB and in healthy controls within a real-world setting.

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Objectives: Carcinoembryonic antigen (CEA) is a cell surface glycoprotein that represents a promising therapeutic target. Serum measurement of shedded CEA can be utilized for monitoring of cancer patients.

Material And Methods: To evaluate the potential clinical significance of CEA expression in urothelial bladder neoplasms, CEA was analysed by immunohistochemistry in more than 2500 urothelial bladder carcinomas in a tissue microarray format.

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Objectives: To evaluate the long-term oncological outcomes and functional results of the neurovascular structure-adjacent frozen-section examination (NeuroSAFE) during nerve-sparing (NS) radical prostatectomy (RP).

Materials And Methods: A 10-yr survival analysis on 11069 RPs performed with or without the NeuroSAFE, between January 2002 to June 2011 was carried out. In the NeuroSAFE cohort, the neurovascular structure-adjacent prostatic margins are removed and stained for cryo-sectioning during RP.

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Background: A high level of PD-L1 expression is the most relevant predictive parameter for response to immune checkpoint inhibitor (CPI) therapy in urinary bladder cancer. Existing data on the relationship between PD-L1 expression and the natural course of disease are controversial and sparse.

Methods: To expand our understanding of the relationship between PD-L1 expression and parameters of cancer aggressiveness, PD-L1 was analyzed on tissue microarrays containing 2710 urothelial bladder carcinomas including 512 patients with follow-up data who underwent radical cystectomy and follow-up therapies in the pre-immune checkpoint inhibitor therapy era.

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Background And Objective: Quantity and the spatial relationship of specific immune cell types can provide prognostic information in bladder cancer. The objective of the study was to characterize the spatial interplay and prognostic role of different immune cell subpopulations in bladder cancer.

Methods: A total of 2463 urothelial bladder carcinomas were immunostained with 21 antibodies using BLEACH&STAIN multiplex fluorescence immunohistochemistry in a tissue microarray format and analyzed using a framework of neuronal networks for an image analysis.

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Introduction: Trophoblast cell surface antigen 2 (TROP2; EpCAM2) is a transmembrane glycoprotein which is closely related to EpCAM (EpCAM; EpCAM1). Both proteins share partial overlapping functions in epithelial development and EpCAM expression but have not been comparatively analyzed together in bladder carcinomas. TROP2 constitutes the target for the antibody-drug conjugate Sacituzumab govitecan (SG; TrodelvyTM) which has been approved for treatment of metastatic urothelial carcinoma by the United States Food and Drug administration (FDA) irrespective of its TROP2 expression status.

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Purpose: To determine oncological and functional outcomes and side effects after focal therapy of prostate cancer (PCa) with high-intensity focused ultrasound (HIFU).

Methods: This retrospective single-center study included 57 consecutive patients with localised PCa. Aged 18-80 with ≤2 suspicious lesions on mpMRI (PIRADS ≥ 3), PSA of ≤15 ng/mL, and an ISUP GG of ≤2.

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Background: Most inactivating p53 mutations result in a nuclear p53 accumulation - detectable by immunohistochemistry (IHC). p53 alterations leading to a complete lack of p53 protein and absence of immunostaining do also occur - not easily detectable by IHC. p16 is upregulated in p53 inactivated cells.

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Background: Uroplakin-1a (Upk1a) and uroplakin-1b (Upk1b) have recently been identified as diagnostic markers for the distinction of urothelial carcinomas from other solid tumor entities. Both proteins play an important role in the stabilization and strengthening of epithelial cells that line the bladder.

Methods: To evaluate the prognostic role of uroplakin expression in urothelial carcinomas, more than 2700 urothelial neoplasms were analyzed in a tissue microarray format by immunohistochemistry.

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Introduction And Objective: BTA stat®, NMP22® BladderChek®, UBC® Rapid Test, and CancerCheck® UBC® rapid VISUAL are urinary-based rapid tests. This multicenter study is the first study comparing all available rapid tests on a large cohort of bladder cancer patients and healthy controls in one setting.

Methods: In total 732 urine samples (second morning urine) in a real-world assessment have been analyzed.

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