Caffeine Consumption in a Group of Adolescents from South East Poland-A Cross Sectional Study.

Caffeine is the most common psychoactive substance available to adults, as well as to children and adolescents. The safety of its use in younger age groups requires further research. The aim of this study was to evaluate caffeine intake, to identify products and drinks that are the main sources of caffeine intake in the diet of the subjects and the risk of excessive caffeine intake with the diet of adolescents, stratified by gender.

Risk Factors and Prevalence of Abdominal Obesity among Upper-Secondary Students.

Inadequate eating habits, as well as a low level of physical activity, influence adipose tissue deposition. The aim of the study was to assess the prevalence of central obesity in upper-secondary students and to determine the factors related to its occurrence. The survey included 309 participants, aged 16 to 18 years from Krakow (Poland).

Evaluation of Caffeine Consumption among Pregnant Women from Southern Poland.

Caffeine is the most widely consumed stimulant worldwide, including by pregnant women. Products containing caffeine should be limited in accordance with the recommendations for pregnancy. The purpose of this study was to evaluate consumption of caffeinated products and daily caffeine intake from food by pregnant women.

Prevalence of food neophobia in pre-school children from southern Poland and its association with eating habits, dietary intake and anthropometric parameters: a cross-sectional study.

Objectives: The present study aimed to assess the prevalence of food neophobia in pre-school children and its association with eating habits, dietary intake and anthropometric parameters.

Design: Cross-sectional survey performed in 2012-2013. The Child Food Neophobia Scale (CFNS) adapted by Wardle, Carnell and Cooke was used to assess the level of food neophobia.

Chronic treatment with zinc hydroaspartate induces anti-inflammatory and anti-ulcerogenic activity in rats.

Background: The previous study indicated the enhancement of the anti-inflammatory effect of ketoprofen by acute and sub chronic administration of zinc hydroaspartate.

Methods: The present study examined anti-inflammatory, anti-ulcerogenic and analgesic activity induced by chronic (14 days) administration of ZHA (30 mg/kg, po), with a combination of a single administration of ketoprofen, in rats. Moreover, the zinc concentration in serum and stomach mucosa was also determined.

Characteristics of the peanut chain in Europe - implications for peanut allergy.

Background: Peanuts are one of the main food allergens, occasionally responsible for life-threatening reactions. Thus, many studies have tried to fi nd a connection between peanut allergy prevalence and processes in the peanut chain that may contribute to the peanut allergenicity. To inform this discussion, this paper outlines experiences in peanut cultivation, trade and processing in Europe, focusing on four European countries with different peanut experiences (Poland, Bulgaria, Spain and the UK).

Serum zinc level in depressed patients during zinc supplementation of imipramine treatment.

Background: Recurrent major depression is associated with decreased blood zinc concentrations that may be increased by effective antidepressant therapy. Some clinical investigations point to alterations of the zinc level in blood as a potential marker of depression.

Methods: A placebo-controlled, double blind study of zinc supplementation to imipramine therapy was conducted on sixty patients fulfilling the DSM-IV criteria for major depression (18-55 years old, 40 females, 20 males).

[An attempt to precise indications for treatment with systemic cryotherapy of patients with rheumatoid arthritis].

The prospective studies included 178 patients (43 men and 135 women) aged 30 to 68 years, treated because of rheumatoid arthritis (R.A.).

A EuroPrevall review of factors affecting incidence of peanut allergy: priorities for research and policy.

Peanuts are extensively cultivated around the world, providing a foodstuff that is both cheap to produce and nutritious. However, allergy to peanuts is of growing global concern, particularly given the severity of peanut-allergic reactions, which can include anaphylaxis and death. Consequently, it is important to understand the factors related to the prevalence of peanut allergy in order to inform efforts to ameliorate or pre-empt the condition.

[Influence of nutrition on selected metabolic cardiovascular risk factors among female residents of Krakow].

The study involved influence of nutritional factors on select anthropometrical and lipid indices (total cholesterol, LDL, HDL) in female residents of Krakow who were voluntarily participating in the investigation. Only women free of diagnosed cardiovascular diseases were included. The study group consisting of 100 women aged 30-65 years, was divided into two groups: pre-menopause (PM, n=47) and after menopause (AM, n=53).

Antepartum/postpartum depressive symptoms and serum zinc and magnesium levels.

In the present study, we investigated the relationship between depressive symptoms and serum zinc and magnesium level in antepartum and postpartum women. All women received standard vitamin, zinc and magnesium supplementation. Sixty-six pregnant women in the Czerwiakowski Hospital in Kraków were assessed for prepartum depressive symptoms using the Beck Depression Inventory (BDI).

[Selected risk factors for coronary heart disease in a group of women aged 30-65 in Kraków].

Mortality rates due to cardiovascular diseases (CD) in Poland are almost twice higher than in the European Union countries. The mortality caused by CD has paid the attention on the fact that it increases relatively among women in comparison to men. Epidemiological observations conducted in female groups indicated that the ischaemic heart disease (IHD) appears more frequently after menopause.

Exposure to cadmium, lead and mercury in the adult population from Eastern Poland, 1990--2002.

The aim was to estimate the adult exposure to cadmium, lead and mercury from daily household diets in Eastern Poland (Lublin city and province). A duplicate diet approach was used to top collect diet samples in 1990, 1993, 1998 and 2002. Cadmium and lead contents were measured by flame atomic absorption and the mercury content was measured by cold vapour atomic absorption spectrometry.

Effect of imipramine treatment on plasma dopamine beta-hydroxylase activity in chronic mild stress in rats.

Dopamine beta-hydroxylase (DBH) which catalyzes conversion of dopamine into noradrenaline, may be a good blood marker of unipolar depression. Therefore, we studied the effect of classic antidepressant drug imipramine (10 mg/kg ip) on activity of this enzyme in plasma of rats subjected to chronic mild stress (CMS), the model of anhedonia. CMS induced reductions in DBH activity by the second day and 5th week of stress duration.

The influence of antineoplastic chemotherapy on the glutathione enzymes activity in the blood.

The analysis included 78 patients (42 men and 36 women) aged 48 to 67 years treated with cytostatics because of a neoplastic disease. In all the patients examined was evaluated the influence of the chemotherapy carried out on the glutathione peroxidase (GPx) and glutathione reductase (GR) activities. It was confirmed that the effect of the action on the glutathione enzymes (GE) activity of the antineoplastic chemotherapy changes depending on the duration of the treatment with cytostatics.

Changes of the total antioxidative status of blood cells in the progression of stomach and large bowel cancers in patients subjected to primary radical treatment.

The analysis included 53 patients (32 men and 21 women) aged 43 to 66 years, who were subjected to radical treatment (surgical or combined) because of stomach (22 patients) or large bowel (31 patients) cancer. All the patients were included in the same model of control examinations, which considered evaluation of the erythrocytes TAS and of the Ca19-9, CEA and AFP concentrations in serum. It was confirmed that in all the patients in whom the recurrence and/or the dissemination occurred of the cancer, the average erythrocytes TAS value increased 5.

Comparative diagnostic value of the breath test and the urine test with 14C-urea in the detection of the Helicobacter pylori infection.

Among 92 patients with chronic gastritis we conducted a synchronous diagnosis of the Helicobacter pylori (H. pylori) infection using a culture and a serological test (IFP), in conjunction with breath and urine tests involving (14)C-urea (BTU-C14 and UTU-C14). The infection was confirmed by isolation in 71 persons (77.

Pattern recognition methods in evaluation of the structure of the laboratory data biominerals, antioxidant enzymes, selected biochemical parameters, and pulmonary function of welders.

A wide set of biochemical and spirometrical parameters was applied to a group of 41 welders. The obtained parameters were analyzed by the pattern recognition method: principal-components analysis (PCA) and mutual contribution analysis (MCA). The aim of the investigation was to find out which of 23 parameters had an influence on the pulmonological indices of COPD.

Influence of some anthropometric parameters on the risk of development of distal complications after mastectomy carried out because of breast carcinoma.

The analysis included 46 women after radical breast amputation because of cancer with which lymphoedema occurred in the upper limb, as well as 51 women in whom no lymphoedema occurred during the period of the observation. Both groups were subjected to a comparative analysis as for height, body mass, and weight-height indexes: BMI, Quetelet, Rohrer, and Pignet-Verwaeck. The results show that women with high body mass, obesity (BMI > 30.

The disturbances of the zinc concentration in the blood in selected neoplasms.

A study was carried out on 92 patients (58 males and 34 females) aged 42-76 treated for malignant neoplasm of the gastrointestinal tract (54 patients with colorectal carcinoma, 38 with gastric carcinoma). In all patients, the zinc serum concentration was measured and the results obtained were referred to some epidemiological-clinical factors (sex, age, primary cause of cancer, the stage of clinical progression, and histological type). The results showed that the most pronounced hypozincemia occurred in male patients with mucous membrane carcinoma of the stomach.

Comparative analysis of zinc status, food products' frequency intake and food habits of 11-year-old healthy children.

Children are particularly vulnerable to zinc (Zn) deficiency during periods of rapid growth and development such as infancy and adolescence. The aim was to find the relationship between food frequency, intake, food habits and zinc status in 11-year-old healthy children from southern Poland. The study group comprised children (n = 157) in the age range 11.

[The contribution of food and airborne allergens in the pathogenesis of atopic dermatitis].

Food hypersensitivity and airborne allergens may play a role in the pathogenesis of atopic dermatitis (AD). The aim of this study was to evaluate the kind of food and airborne allergens which may most often induce and intensify AD lesions and also to assess the variability and the kind of allergens leading to AD. The subjects of this study were 610 persons, aged 3 months-70 years.

Serum trace elements in animal models and human depression: Part III. Magnesium. Relationship with copper.

In the present study we report the results of investigations into the serum magnesium levels in a clinical study of 19 patients with unipolar depression; 16 normal controls and in three animal models of depression: chronic severe stress (CSS), chronic mild stress (CMS) and olfactory bulbectomy (OB) in rats. There was no alteration in the values found in the rat models of depression. Unipolar depressed patients exhibit significantly lower serum magnesium levels than the appropriate controls (depression 19.

The importance of determination of magnesium concentration in the serum of patients with cancer metastases to the liver.

The study was carried out on 48 patients (26 male and 22 female), aged 52-76 diagnosed as having cancer metastases to the liver. The serum level of magnesium in the studied group and also in two other groups (the first consisting of 48 blood donors and the second of 50 patients suffering from cancer of a non-disseminated nature) was measured by the flame atomic absorption spectrophotometric method. The results of the study showed that cancer metastases to the liver significantly decrease the mean level of magnesium in serum compared to the other two groups.

[The disturbance of the magnesium management in patients in grave clinical status].

The analysis included 46 patients (27 men and 19 women), aged 41 to 76 years, who required intensive medical care because of a grave clinical state. In all af them, as in a group of patients treated because of illnesses identical to those of the basic group but not requiring intensive medical care (CG), as well as in a reference group (RG)--blood donors, the determinations were conducted of the magnesium concentration in the serum with the flame atomic absorptive spectrometry method. It was confirmed that in the patients in grave clinical state the average concentration in the serum of that element was statistically significantly lower that in the other groups (CG and RG).