Population pharmacokinetic/pharmacodynamic target attainment of ceftriaxone 2 g once daily in non-critically ill hospitalized adult patients during the acute phase of infection.

Aims: Pharmacokinetic/pharmacodynamic target attainment of ceftriaxone is compromised in intensive care unit (ICU) patients and non-ICU hospitalized patients in Beira, Mozambique. Whether this also accounts for non-ICU patients in a high-income setting is unknown. We therefore assessed the probability of target attainment (PTA) of the currently recommended dosing regimen of 2 g every 24 h (q24h) in this patient group.

An Unusual Case of Low Vancomycin Exposure Despite Extremely High Vancomycin Doses Accompanied by Renal Toxicity: A Grand Round.

This grand round describes the case of a patient who received 10 grams (143.5 mg/kg) of vancomycin every 24 hours via continuous infusion, in whom the highest observed level was only 15.4 mg/L.

[Pharmacobezoar in a woman with a clomipramine intoxication].

Background: Medicines with controlled release can cause a rare phenomenon, known as pharmacobezoar, following overdose of these medications.

Case Description: A case of a 56-year-old women with severe clomipramine intoxication is described. X-ray of the abdomen showed a cluster of tablets in the caecum.

Dose recommendations for gentamicin in the real-world obese population with varying body weight and renal (dys)function.

Background: The impact of weight on pharmacokinetics of gentamicin was recently elucidated for (morbidly) obese individuals with normal renal function.

Objectives: To characterize the pharmacokinetics of gentamicin in real-world obese patients, ultimately to develop dose recommendations applicable across the entire obese population.

Methods: In two large Dutch hospitals, all admitted patients with BMI ≥25 kg/m2 with at least one gentamicin administration, at least one gentamicin and at least one creatinine serum concentration measurement were included.

[Treatment of idiopathic membranous nephropathy. Is the anti-CD20 antibody rituximab a reasonable option?].

Background: Membranous nephropathy (MN) is characterized by proteinuria and other symptoms of the nephrotic syndrome. In many cases, the etiology is unknown. Whether and how to treat MN is still a controversial question.

Characterization of poly(L-lactic acid) microspheres loaded with holmium acetylacetonate.

Holmium-loaded PLLA microspheres are useful systems in radioembolization therapy of liver metastases because of their low density, biodegradability and favourable radiation characteristics. Neutron activated Ho-loaded microspheres showed a surprisingly low release of the relatively small holmium complex. In this paper factors responsible for this behaviour are investigated, in particular by the use of differential scanning calorimetry, scanning electron microscopy, infrared spectroscopy and X-ray diffraction.

Hepatic aldehyde dehydrogenase (E.C. 1.2.1.3.) isoenzymes and malondialdehyde levels in alcoholic liver disease.

To clarify the controversially discussed behaviour of hepatic ALDH isozymes in different liver diseases, 98 liver biopsy specimens were investigated as to their total ALDH and their isozyme activity. Simultaneously the malondialdehyde (MDA) content was measured in both biopsy samples and serum. The results show a significant decrease of the "low Km" isozyme E-2 activity depending on the severity of the liver disease.